Lince2D 0.1.5-beta — User's Guide and Reference

User's Guide

Welcome to Lince2D

Lince2D is a 2D technical drawing program that works directly with DWG and DXF files, the AutoCAD formats. It opens drawings as they arrive, edits them with the commands and aliases AutoCAD and progeCAD users already know, and saves them back to DWG or DXF, in whatever version the recipient needs.

Who it is for

What it includes

How the help is organized

The help viewer opened with F1 in the LINE command

Each command page starts with its name, its English global name, its aliases and where it is on the ribbon and in the menus. Prompts are shown exactly as they appear on the command line, for example:

Specify first point:

Where to start

  1. Install Lince2D.
  2. First drawing: draw, save and open again.
  3. The tutorials, in order: floor plan, dimensioning, blocks, plotting to PDF and georeferenced drawings.

If you already know AutoCAD, have a look at The interface, the alias table and What's new.

See also

The interface · File formats · Keyboard and shortcuts

Installing Lince2D

Lince2D is installed on Windows with a setup program and on Linux with a compressed package. In both cases it is installed for the current user, without administrator rights.

Requirements

Windows

The setup program is in Spanish for now; the steps below give the meaning of each option.

  1. Run Lince2D-<version>-setup.exe.
  2. Choose whether to install for your user only (recommended, no administrator needed) or for all users of the computer. For your user, the program goes to %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\lince; for all users, to the program files folder.
  3. Tick the optional tasks you want: - Create a desktop shortcut. - Add Lince2D to "Open with" for .dwg and .dxf files: the program appears in the Explorer Open with menu when you right-click a DWG or DXF file. It does not change the default program: if AutoCAD opens those files on double-click, it still does.
  4. Click Install. When it finishes you can start Lince2D from the last page of the wizard or from the Start menu.

The bibliotecas folder is installed next to the program, with the 2D symbols used by the Blocks palette and DesignCenter (see Inserting blocks).

Updating

Run the setup program of the new version: it replaces the previous one in the same folder and keeps your preferences.

Uninstalling

Open Settings > Apps > Installed apps, find Lince2D and click Uninstall. The program, its shortcuts and, if you chose it, the "Open with" entry are removed. User preferences (%APPDATA%\lince) are left in place in case you install it again; delete them by hand if you do not want them.

Linux

The package is lince-<version>-linux-x86_64.tar.gz. It can be used without installing:

tar xzf lince-<version>-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
cd lince-<version>-linux-x86_64
./lince

To install it for your user, with a launcher in the applications menu, run from that folder:

install -Dm755 lince ~/.local/bin/lince
install -Dm644 lince.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/lince.desktop
install -Dm644 lince.png ~/.local/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/lince.png
mkdir -p ~/.local/share/lince && cp -r bibliotecas ayuda ~/.local/share/lince/

The last line copies the symbol library and this help to ~/.local/share/lince, where the program looks for them when they are not next to the executable. To uninstall, delete those files and the ~/.config/lince folder (preferences).

Language

On first start, Lince2D uses the system language if it has it (Spanish or English) and Spanish otherwise. To change it, open OPTIONS, Interface tab, and choose the Language; the change applies at once. The number format (decimal comma or point) is chosen on the same tab.

On the command line you always type as in AutoCAD, whatever the language: decimal point and a comma between coordinates (10.5,20). Global command names (_LINE, _CIRCLE...) work in any language.

Languages can be added without reinstalling: a <code>.ftl catalog in the idiomas folder next to the executable or in the user configuration folder is enough.

See also

First drawing · Options · OPTIONS

First drawing

In this tutorial you create a drawing, draw a rectangle with lines and a circle, save it as DWG, close it and open it again. It takes about five minutes.

1. A new drawing

On start, Lince2D shows an empty drawing. To start another one at any time, enter NEW, click New on the Quick Access toolbar or press Ctrl+N. Each open drawing has its own tab above the drawing area.

New drawings are metric: one drawing unit is one millimetre. Coordinates are typed on the command line, at the bottom, where Command: appears.

2. Drawing some lines

  1. Enter LINE (or L) and press Enter.
Specify first point:
  1. Type 0,0 and press Enter: this is the coordinate origin.
Specify next point or [Undo]:
  1. Type 100,0 and Enter: the first segment is drawn, 100 mm to the right.
  2. Type @0,60 and Enter. The @ means a relative coordinate: 60 mm up from the last point.
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
  1. Type @-100,0 and Enter: 100 mm to the left.
  2. Type C (Close) and Enter: the line goes back to the first point and the command ends.

If you get a point wrong, type U (Undo) without leaving the command. After the command has finished, Ctrl+Z undoes the whole command.

3. Drawing a circle

  1. Enter CIRCLE (or C) and Enter.
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
  1. Type 50,30 and Enter: the centre of the rectangle.
Specify radius of circle:
  1. Type 20 and Enter.

To see the whole drawing on screen, double-click the mouse wheel or type Z, Enter, E (Extents) and Enter. The wheel zooms in and out; pressed and dragged, it pans the view.

4. Saving as DWG

  1. Enter SAVEAS or press Ctrl+Shift+S.
  2. In the dialog box, choose the folder, type the name primero and click Save.

The status bar confirms the file and the version. SAVEAS typed on the command line saves in the DWG 2018 format, the one used by AutoCAD 2018 to 2027. For another version, open the Lince2D menu (top left), hover over Save As and choose from the list: DWG 2018, 2013, 2010, 2007, 2004 or 2000, or DXF 2018 or 2000. Choose an older version when the recipient has an old program.

From then on, QSAVE (Ctrl+S) saves to the same file and in the same version, without asking.

5. Closing and opening again

  1. Enter CLOSE (or use Close in the Lince2D menu). If there are unsaved changes, the program asks whether to save them.
  2. Enter OPEN or press Ctrl+O, find primero.dwg and click Open. You can also drag the file from Explorer onto the program window.

The drawing opens in its own tab, as it was saved. Lince2D opens DWG files from release R14 up to the current one and DXF files from R12 on; large drawings are read in the background, with a progress bar.

Notes

See also

Coordinates and input · File formats · Floor plan with layers · LINE · CIRCLE · SAVEAS

Tutorial: floor plan with layers

In this tutorial you draw the plan of a simple 8 × 6 m dwelling: 25 cm outer walls, a 10 cm partition with a doorway, an entrance door and two windows, each on its own layer. The following tutorials dimension this plan, add furniture and plot it.

The drawing is in millimetres (the unit of new drawings). All coordinates are typed on the command line; press Enter after each value. A coordinate with @ is relative to the last point: @8000,0 is 8 m to the right.

1. Creating the layers

  1. Start a new drawing with NEW.
  2. Enter LAYER (or LA). The Layer Properties Manager opens.
  3. Click New Layer. A layer appears with its name ready to type: type Walls and Enter.
  4. Repeat step 3 for Doors, Windows, Furniture, Dims and Text.
  5. In the Color column of each layer, drop down the colour and choose the one in the table. On the Walls layer, also change the Lineweight to 0.50 mm: walls will plot thicker.
  6. Double-click the Status column of the Walls layer to make it current (the ✔ mark appears) and close the dialog.
LayerColourFor
Walls1 (red), lineweight 0.50walls, partitions and jambs
Doors3 (green)door leaves and swings
Windows4 (cyan)window frames
Furniture8 (grey)furniture (blocks tutorial)
Dims2 (yellow)dimensions (dimensioning tutorial)
Text7 (white)room names

The same, from the command line with -LAYER (useful in scripts): each line is one answer and the empty one at the end is the Enter that ends the command.

-LAYER
N
Walls,Doors,Windows,Furniture,Dims,Text
C
1
Walls
C
3
Doors
C
4
Windows
C
8
Furniture
C
2
Dims
LW
0.5
Walls
S
Walls

2. Outer walls with PLINE and OFFSET

  1. Enter PLINE (or PL).
Specify first point:
  1. Type 0,0.
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Width/Undo]:
  1. Type @8000,0, then @0,6000 and then @-8000,0.
  2. Type C (Close): the polyline closes. It is the outer face of the walls, a single object.
  3. Double-click the mouse wheel to see the whole drawing.
  4. Enter OFFSET (or O).
Specify offset distance:
  1. Type 250, the wall thickness.
Select object to offset or <exit>:
  1. Click the polyline.
Specify point on side to offset:
  1. Type 4000,3000 (a point inside the dwelling) or click inside. The inner face appears. Press Enter to finish.

3. The partition

  1. Enter LINE (or L), 5000,250, 5000,5750 and Enter: the line runs from wall to wall.
  2. Enter OFFSET, 100, click the line you have just drawn, type 6000,3000 and press Enter. The partition lies between x = 5000 and x = 5100: the living room on the left, the bedroom on the right.

4. Opening the gaps

Each opening is marked with two jambs (short lines across the wall) and then the wall is trimmed between them.

  1. Enter LINE, 1000,0, @0,250 and Enter: the first jamb of the entrance door.
  2. Enter COPY (or CO) to repeat it at the other openings.
Select objects:
  1. Click the jamb and press Enter.
Specify base point:
  1. Type 1000,0.
Specify second point or <exit>:
  1. Type, one after the other, 1900,0 (door), 2000,5750 and 3500,5750 (living room window), 5900,5750 and 7400,5750 (bedroom window). Press Enter to finish.
  2. For the partition doorway: LINE, 5000,1000, @100,0 and Enter; then COPY that line with base point 5000,1000 and second point 5000,1800.
  3. Enter TRIM (or TR).
Select cutting edges or <select all>:
  1. Press Enter without selecting anything: every object acts as a cutting edge.
Select object to trim:
  1. Click each piece of wall between two jambs: at the door, the outer and the inner line; at each window, both; at the partition, its two lines (zoom in with the wheel if they are close together). That is eight clicks. Press Enter to finish. If you trim the wrong piece, finish and press Ctrl+Z.

5. The entrance door

  1. Drop down the layer control on the ribbon and choose Doors: it becomes the current layer.
  2. Draw the open leaf: LINE, 1000,250, @0,900 and Enter.
  3. Draw the swing with an arc by its centre. Enter ARC (or A).
Specify start point of arc or [Center]:
  1. Type C (Center).
Specify center point of arc:
  1. Type 1000,250 (the hinge).
Specify start point of arc:
  1. Type 1900,250 (the other jamb).
Specify end point of arc:
  1. Type 1000,1150 (the end of the leaf). The arc is drawn counterclockwise, from the jamb to the leaf.

6. The windows

  1. Make the Windows layer current.
  2. Draw the two lines on the wall faces: LINE, 2000,5750, @1500,0, Enter; and LINE, 2000,6000, @1500,0, Enter.
  3. Draw the glass with RECTANG (or REC).
Specify first corner point:
  1. Type 2000,5850.
Specify other corner point:
  1. Type @1500,50.
  2. Copy the window to the bedroom: COPY, click the three pieces of the window, Enter, base point 2000,5750 and second point 5900,5750, Enter.

7. Saving

Enter SAVEAS and save the drawing as plano.dwg. The next tutorial starts from it.

Notes

See also

Layers · Coordinates and input · Editing · Dimensioning the plan · PLINE · OFFSET · TRIM · COPY

Tutorial: dimensioning the plan

In this tutorial you dimension the plan from the previous tutorial and label the rooms. You create a dimension style for plotting at 1:50, draw chains of dimensions with DIMLINEAR and DIMCONTINUE and write text with TEXT.

Open plano.dwg. As before, press Enter after each typed value.

1. A dimension style for 1:50

The drawing is in millimetres and will be plotted at 1:50. The Standard style has text and arrows of 2.5 units: at 1:50 they would come out 0.05 mm high. The overall scale of the style multiplies all those sizes.

  1. Enter DIMSTYLE (or D). The Dimension Style Manager opens.
  2. Click New.... Create New Dimension Style appears below.
  3. In New Style Name: type Plan50; in Start With: leave Standard. Click Continue.
  4. Modify Dimension Style opens. On the Fit tab, set Overall scale = 50.
  5. On the Primary Units tab, set Precision (decimal places) = 0: measurements will show in whole millimetres (8000).
  6. Click OK.
  7. In the manager, with Plan50 selected, click Set Current and close the dialog.

With a scale of 50, the 2.5 text is 125 mm high in the drawing and 2.5 mm on paper.

2. Dimension chain along the lower façade

  1. Make the Dims layer current in the layer control.
  2. Enter DIMLINEAR (or DLI).
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>:
  1. Type 0,0 (corner of the wall).
Specify second extension line origin:
  1. Type 1000,0 (first jamb of the door).
Specify dimension line location:
  1. Type 500,-600: the dimension line sits 60 cm below the wall. It measures 1000.
  2. Enter DIMCONTINUE (or DCO). It starts from the last dimension drawn.
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>:
  1. Type 1900,0 and then 8000,0. Each point adds a dimension next to the previous one: 900 (the door) and 6100. Press Enter to finish.
  2. Add the overall dimension outside: DIMLINEAR, 0,0, 8000,0, 4000,-1200.

If a point in the chain goes wrong, type U (Undo) in DIMCONTINUE: it removes the last dimension without leaving the command.

3. Dimensions on the left side and the upper façade

  1. Left side: DIMLINEAR, 0,0, 0,6000, -1200,3000. As the location is to one side, the dimension is vertical: 6000.
  2. Upper façade, with the windows: DIMLINEAR, 0,6000, 2000,6000, 1000,6600.
  3. DIMCONTINUE, 3500,6000, 5900,6000, 7400,6000, 8000,6000 and Enter. The chain measures 2000, 1500, 2400, 1500 and 600.

4. Interior dimensions

  1. DIMLINEAR, 250,2000, 5000,2000, 2625,2000: the clear width of the living room, 4750. The dimension line runs inside the room.
  2. DIMCONTINUE, 5100,2000, 7750,2000 and Enter: the partition (100) and the bedroom (2650).

5. Room names

  1. Make the Text layer current.
  2. Enter TEXT (or DT).
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:
  1. Type J (Justify).
Enter an option [Left/Center/Right/Middle/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR]:
  1. Type MC: the text is centred on the point, horizontally and vertically.
  2. Specify the point: 2625,1500.
Specify height <…>:
  1. Type 200 (4 mm on paper at 1:50).
Specify rotation angle of text <…>:
  1. Press Enter to keep 0.
Enter text:
  1. Type LIVING ROOM and Enter. The command asks for another line below: press Enter on the empty line to finish.
  2. Repeat for the bedroom: TEXT, J, MC, 6425,1500, 200, Enter, BEDROOM, Enter, Enter.
  3. Add a title under the plan: TEXT, 0,-2200, height 250, Enter, GROUND FLOOR - 1:50, Enter, Enter.

6. Saving

Press Ctrl+S (QSAVE): the drawing is saved to plano.dwg, in the same version.

Notes

See also

Dimensions · Text · Inserting blocks · DIMSTYLE · DIMLINEAR · DIMCONTINUE · DIMSCALE

Tutorial: inserting blocks from the library

In this tutorial you furnish the plan from the previous tutorials with symbols from the library installed with Lince2D: a door in the partition doorway, furniture and a socket with its attribute. You use the Blocks palette (INSERT) and ADCENTER.

Open plano.dwg.

The included library

The bibliotecas folder, next to the program, holds two drawings with 2D symbols in millimetres, on layer 0 (they take the layer they are inserted on). Block names are in Spanish:

Opened as drawings, each one shows its catalogue: every symbol with its name below.

1. The Blocks palette

  1. Enter INSERT (or I), or click Insert on the ribbon. The Blocks palette opens, with three tabs: Current Drawing (the blocks already in the drawing), Recent and Libraries.
  2. Click Libraries. The library folder appears with its two drawings and the thumbnails of their blocks. The Search box filters by name: type puerta to see only the doors.
  3. Below are the Insertion Options: the Insertion Point is specified on screen; the Scale is 1 and the Rotation 0. Leave them like that: the symbols are drawn at real size.

The palette can stay open while you draw.

2. The partition door

  1. Make the Doors layer current.
  2. In the palette, click PUERTA_80. The command line starts inserting and the block follows the cursor.
Specify insertion point or [Scale/Rotate]:
  1. The library door opens upwards; in the partition it has to open towards the living room. Type R (Rotate).
Specify rotation angle <0>:
  1. Type 90.
  2. It asks for the point again: type 5000,1000, the corner of the doorway on the living room face. The hinge is at the bottom and the leaf opens to the left, with its swing inside the living room.

The block is copied from the library file into the drawing the first time; from then on it also appears on the Current Drawing tab.

3. Living room furniture

  1. Make the Furniture layer current.
  2. Click MESA_4_SILLAS and type 2600,3300: the table is centred on that point, with its four chairs (a SILLA block inside another block).
  3. Click SOFA_3 and type 2800,4750: the base point is the lower left corner and the back rests against the wall.

To place the same block several times, tick Repeat Placement: after each insertion it asks for the point again, until you press Enter or Esc.

4. The bedroom with DesignCenter

DesignCenter browses other drawings (open ones or those in the library folders) and copies blocks, layers, styles and layouts from them.

  1. Enter ADCENTER (or ADC). DesignCenter opens.
  2. In the tree on the left, under the library folder, choose Arquitectura.dwg.
  3. Click Blocks in the list of categories: its thumbnails appear.
  4. Double-click CAMA_150 and type 5700,3500.
  5. Click ARMARIO_120, click Insert and type 6400,250: the wardrobe stands against the lower wall.

With the other categories (Layers, Text Styles, Dimension Styles...) the Add to Drawing button copies the chosen item into the drawing; if an entry with that name already exists, the drawing's own is kept.

5. A socket with an attribute

  1. In the Blocks palette, Libraries tab, search for enchufe and click ENCHUFE (from Electricidad.dwg).
  2. Type 5600,250: the socket sits on the inner face of the lower wall.
  3. The block has an attribute, and the program asks for its value with the block's own prompt, Circuito <C2>:. Type C3 and Enter (or press Enter to keep C2).

The value can be changed later by double-clicking the block (ATTEDIT) or with EATTEDIT.

6. Saving

Press Ctrl+S. The plan now has walls, doors and windows, dimensions, text and furniture: the next tutorial plots it to PDF.

Notes

See also

Blocks and attributes · Plotting to PDF · INSERT · ADCENTER · BEDIT

Tutorial: plotting to PDF

In this tutorial you plot the plan from the previous tutorials to a PDF file, at 1:50 on an A4 sheet, in black and white with the monochrome.ctb plot style table. Then you see how layouts, with their viewports, are plotted.

Open plano.dwg and check that the Model tab, below the drawing area, is active.

1. The Plot dialog

Enter PLOT (or PRINT) or press Ctrl+P. The Plot dialog opens. Lince2D plots to vector PDF: lines, text (with its fonts) and hatches come out as on screen, at any magnification.

  1. Printer/plotter: leave DWG To PDF.pc3 (lince PDF). It is the same name AutoCAD uses, so the settings saved in the drawing work for it too.
  2. Paper size: choose ISO full bleed A4 (297.00 x 210.00 mm).
  3. Drawing orientation: select Landscape.

2. What to plot: a window

  1. In What to plot: choose Window and click Window <. The dialog hides and the command line asks for the corners.
Specify first corner:
  1. Type -1800,-2400 (bottom left, outside the dimensions and the title).
Specify opposite corner:
  1. Type 9200,7200. The Plot dialog comes back.

The other options are Extents (everything drawn), Display (what is on screen) and Limits.

3. The scale

  1. In Plot scale: clear Fit to paper.
  2. Choose 1:50 from the list. Below it you can read the equivalence: 1 mm of paper = 50 drawing units. As the drawing is in millimetres, 1 m of the plan measures 2 cm on paper.
  3. Tick Center the plot: the window is placed in the middle of the sheet.

The window measures 11 × 9.6 m: at 1:50 it takes 220 × 192 mm and fits on the landscape A4.

4. The plot style table

The plot style table (CTB) decides the colour, lineweight and screening each drawing colour is plotted with.

  1. In Plot style table (pen assignments): choose monochrome.ctb: everything comes out black, whatever its colour on screen. With grayscale.ctb colours become greys.
  2. In Plot options: leave Plot object lineweights ticked (walls, at 0.50 mm, come out thicker) and Plot with plot styles (without this box the table is not applied).

Your own tables (.ctb files, or .stb if the drawing uses named plot styles) are copied to the %APPDATA%\lince\estilos_trazado folder or to the drawing folder, and appear in the same list.

5. Preview and PDF

  1. Click Preview… to see the sheet as it will come out. Close the preview to return to the dialog.
  2. If you want the drawing to remember these settings for next time, tick Apply to Layout.
  3. Click OK, choose the folder and type the name plano.pdf. The command line confirms the file and its size.

The same dialog saves PNG or SVG instead of PDF: just type the name with that extension. The PNG resolution is chosen in PNG:.

6. Layouts and viewports

Besides Model, a drawing can have layouts (paper space): each tab is a sheet with its title block and one or more viewports that show the model at a scale. Drawings coming from AutoCAD usually have them ready.

  1. Click the layout tab. You see the sheet, its printable area and the viewports.
  2. Double-click inside a viewport to enter the model through it (the status bar button changes from PAPER to MODEL); double-clicking outside it, or PSPACE, goes back to paper.
  3. With a viewport active, the sun-with-viewport icon of the layer control freezes a layer in that viewport only; in the Layer Properties Manager it is the VP Freeze column. That way each viewport shows its own content.
  4. Whatever you draw with the layout active and outside the viewports goes on paper: a title block, a legend.
  5. To plot it, enter PLOT on that tab. What to plot: proposes Layout and a 1:1 scale: the sheet comes out at its size and each viewport keeps its own scale.

New layouts and viewports are created with LAYOUT and MVIEW; the viewport scale is set in the status bar. For a plan drawn from scratch you can also plot from Model as in steps 1 to 5.

Notes

See also

Layouts and plotting · Georeferenced drawings · PLOT · PAGESETUP · MSPACE

Tutorial: georeferenced drawings

In this tutorial you set up a drawing in real-world coordinates: you give the drawing a coordinate system, insert a georeferenced orthophoto and overlay the parcels of a SHP file, which Lince2D converts to the drawing's system if it comes in another one.

You need two sets of files for the same area, like those published by official mapping agencies:

The example uses ETRS89 / UTM zone 30N (EPSG:25830), the official system in much of mainland Spain; use the one for your area. In UTM, one drawing unit is one metre.

1. The drawing's coordinate system

  1. Start a drawing with NEW.
  2. Enter GEOGRAPHICLOCATION (or GEO). The Geographic Location dialog opens and, at the same time, the command line asks:
Enter EPSG code of the coordinate system or [Remove/List] <…>:
  1. Type 25830 and Enter (or choose the system from the list in the dialog and click OK). The command line confirms the chosen system.

This is the target system: everything imported with its own system is converted to it. Type L (List) to see the available systems: ETRS89, WGS84 and ED50 in zones 28 to 31, REGCAN95, Web Mercator (3857) and geographic coordinates. The AutoCAD code, such as ETRS89.UTM-30N, is accepted too.

The drawing is assumed to be, or to be going to be, in coordinates of that system: GEOGRAPHICLOCATION does not move what is already drawn.

2. The orthophoto

  1. Create an Orthophoto layer and make it current, so that you can turn it off or lock it later.
  2. Enter GEOIMAGE.
Enter image file name to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:
  1. Press Enter (Browse) and choose ortofoto.tif.
  2. The image is placed at its coordinates, with its pixel size and rotation, read from the world file or the GeoTIFF tags. The command line says which georeferencing file it used and which system the image is in.
  3. Double-click the mouse wheel to see the whole image.

If the image states its coordinate system and it differs from the drawing's, it is reprojected on insertion. If it does not, it is inserted as it is: its coordinates must already be in the drawing's system.

3. The SHP parcels

  1. Create a Parcels layer, with a colour that stands out on the photo (for example 2, yellow), and make it current.
  2. Enter MAPIMPORT (or SHP2CAD). The Import SHP, KML or GeoJSON dialog opens.
  3. In File click Browse… and choose parcelas.shp. The dialog shows the Contents: how many features and how many fields it has.
  4. Layer from field: leave none so that everything goes to the current layer, or choose a field of the table (for example, the land use or type field): each feature goes to a layer named after the value of that field, created if it does not exist.
  5. Block for the points: only matters if the file has points. With (point object), each point is a POINT object; with a block of the drawing, each point is that block, and its attributes take the values of the fields with the same name.
  6. File coordinate system: the one stated in the .prj appears. If the file has no .prj, choose its system here; with (no reprojection) the coordinates are imported as they are.
  7. Drawing coordinate system shows EPSG:25830. Click OK.

The parcels are drawn as closed polylines (polygon holes too) over the orthophoto. If the SHP was in another system, for example zone 29 or geographic coordinates, it has already been converted. The table data of each feature is kept with it, as extended data.

The same can be done on the command line, for example in a script:

SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON file:
Field for the layer (…) or [None] <None>:
Block name for the points <point object>:

4. Checking coordinates

  1. Enter GEOCOORD.
Specify point or [System] <EPSG:…>:
  1. Click a parcel corner: the command line shows its drawing coordinates and its WGS84 latitude and longitude. With S (System) you choose another target system, for example 4326 or 23030 (ED50).
  2. With the drawing georeferenced, clicking the coordinates on the status bar toggles them with the latitude and longitude of the cursor.

5. Saving and sharing

Notes

See also

Georeferencing · Raster images · GEOGRAPHICLOCATION · GEOIMAGE · MAPIMPORT · GEOCOORD

Appendix: command aliases

An alias is a short way of typing a command on the command line: L instead of LINE, C instead of CIRCLE. Lince2D uses the usual AutoCAD aliases in each language, so muscle memory works just the same.

Your own aliases

Aliases can be changed and added with ALIASEDIT: they are saved in lince.pgp, in the configuration folder (%APPDATA%\lince; on Linux, ~/.config/lince), with the syntax of AutoCAD's acad.pgp (LL, *LINE). An AutoCAD acad.pgp can be imported as it is: its external commands are ignored.

Built-in aliases

The table lists every command with its name, its global name and its aliases in the language of this page.

AliasCommandGlobal name
-BE-BEDIT_-BEDIT
-I-INSERT_-INSERT
-LA-LAYER_-LAYER
-PU-PURGE_-PURGE
-XR-XREF_-XREF
AARC_ARC
AAAREA_AREA
ADC, DCADCENTER_ADCENTER
ALALIGN_ALIGN
APAPPLOAD_APPLOAD
ARARRAY_ARRAY
ATEATTEDIT_ATTEDIT
ATTATTDEF_ATTDEF
BBLOCK_BLOCK
BEBEDIT_BEDIT
BOBOUNDARY_BOUNDARY
BRBREAK_BREAK
CCIRCLE_CIRCLE
CELLSTABLECELL_TABLECELL
CHACHAMFER_CHAMFER
CO, CPCOPY_COPY
COLCOLOR_COLOR
D, DSTDIMSTYLE_DIMSTYLE
DALDIMALIGNED_DIMALIGNED
DANDIMANGULAR_DIMANGULAR
DARDIMARC_DIMARC
DATAEXTRACTION, DXATTEXT_ATTEXT
DBADIMBASELINE_DIMBASELINE
DBRDIMBREAK_DIMBREAK
DCODIMCONTINUE_DIMCONTINUE
DDADIMDISASSOCIATE_DIMDISASSOCIATE
DDIDIMDIAMETER_DIMDIAMETER
DDPTYPEPTYPE_PTYPE
DEDDIMEDIT_DIMEDIT
DIDIST_DIST
DIVDIVIDE_DIVIDE
DJLDIMJOGLINE_DIMJOGLINE
DJO, JOGDIMJOGGED_DIMJOGGED
DLIDIMLINEAR_DIMLINEAR
DODONUT_DONUT
DORDIMORDINATE_DIMORDINATE
DRDRAWORDER_DRAWORDER
DRADIMRADIUS_DIMRADIUS
DREDIMREASSOCIATE_DIMREASSOCIATE
DSPDIMSPACE_DIMSPACE
DTTEXT_TEXT
EERASE_ERASE
ED, DDEDITTEXTEDIT_TEXTEDIT
EDITTABLETABLEDIT_TABLEDIT
ELELLIPSE_ELLIPSE
EXEXTEND_EXTEND
EXITQUIT_QUIT
EXPEXPORT_EXPORT
EXPORTTABLETABLEEXPORT_TABLEEXPORT
FFILLET_FILLET
FLDFIELD_FIELD
FNDFIND_FIND
GGROUP_GROUP
GDGRADIENT_GRADIENT
GEOGEOGRAPHICLOCATION_GEOGRAPHICLOCATION
HHATCH_HATCH
HEHATCHEDIT_HATCHEDIT
IINSERT_INSERT
IADIMAGEADJUST_IMAGEADJUST
IATIMAGEATTACH_IMAGEATTACH
ICLIMAGECLIP_IMAGECLIP
ISODISODRAFT_ISODRAFT
JJOIN_JOIN
LLINE_LINE
LALAYER_LAYER
LASLAYERSTATE_LAYERSTATE
LENLENGTHEN_LENGTHEN
LI, LSLIST_LIST
LOLAYOUT_LAYOUT
LTLINETYPE_LINETYPE
LWLWEIGHT_LWEIGHT
MMOVE_MOVE
MAMATCHPROP_MATCHPROP
MEMEASURE_MEASURE
MEAMEASUREGEOM_MEASUREGEOM
MIMIRROR_MIRROR
MLMLINE_MLINE
MLAMLEADERALIGN_MLEADERALIGN
MLDMLEADER_MLEADER
MLEMLEADEREDIT_MLEADEREDIT
MLSMLEADERSTYLE_MLEADERSTYLE
MSMSPACE_MSPACE
MVMVIEW_MVIEW
OOFFSET_OFFSET
OBJSCOBJECTSCALE_OBJECTSCALE
OP, PREFERENCESOPTIONS_OPTIONS
OSOSNAP_OSNAP
PPAN_PAN
PDFAPDFATTACH_PDFATTACH
PEPEDIT_PEDIT
PLPLINE_PLINE
POPOINT_POINT
POLPOLYGON_POLYGON
PR, CHPROPERTIES_PROPERTIES
PRINTPLOT_PLOT
PSPSPACE_PSPACE
PUPURGE_PURGE
QDQDIM_QDIM
REREGEN_REGEN
REC, RECTANGLERECTANG_RECTANG
REGREGION_REGION
ROROTATE_ROTATE
RSBRESETBLOCK_RESETBLOCK
SSTRETCH_STRETCH
SCSCALE_SCALE
SCRSCRIPT_SCRIPT
SETSETVAR_SETVAR
SHP2CADMAPIMPORT_MAPIMPORT
SNSNAP_SNAP
SOSOLID_SOLID
SPSPELL_SPELL
SPESPLINEDIT_SPLINEDIT
SPLSPLINE_SPLINE
STSTYLE_STYLE
T, MTMTEXT_MTEXT
TBTABLE_TABLE
TOLTOLERANCE_TOLERANCE
TPTOOLPALETTES_TOOLPALETTES
TRTRIM_TRIM
TSTABLESTYLE_TABLESTYLE
UUNDO_UNDO
UCUCSMAN_UCSMAN
UNUNITS_UNITS
UPDFIELDUPDATEFIELD_UPDATEFIELD
WWBLOCK_WBLOCK
XEXPLODE_EXPLODE
XAXATTACH_XATTACH
XCXCLIP_XCLIP
XLXLINE_XLINE
XRXREF_XREF
ZZOOM_ZOOM

See also

Keyboard and shortcuts · The interface · Welcome

General Help

The user interface

From top to bottom, the Lince2D window has the ribbon (or the menus and toolbars of the Classic workspace), the drawing area, the layout tabs, the command line and the status bar. Palettes (Properties, layers, blocks...) open when you need them and can float over the drawing or be docked at its sides.

The Lince2D window with the ribbon, drawing area, command line and status bar

Workspaces

A workspace is a named layout of the interface. Two are built in:

Each workspace also remembers the ribbon state, how the command line is placed and which palettes are open, on which side and how wide. The ⚙ gear on the status bar shows the current one and, when clicked, lists them all to switch with one click. WSSAVE saves the current layout with a name and WORKSPACE renames and deletes them. They are kept when the program closes.

Both built-in workspaces give access to the same commands. Commands that are not finished yet are dimmed; hovering over any button shows its description.

The ribbon

TabPanels
HomeDraw, Modify, Annotation, Layers, Block, Groups, Properties, Utilities and Clipboard
InsertBlock, Attributes, Reference, Content and Geolocation
AnnotateText, Dimensions, Leaders, Tables and Annotation Scaling
ViewNavigate, Isolate, Palettes, Coordinates and Interface
ManageDrawing, Applications and Customization
OutputPlot and Export

Every available command is in some panel. Each panel shows its large buttons and two columns of small ones; if it has more, the ▾ in its title expands the rest. While you edit a block, the Block Editor contextual tab appears (see Blocks).

When the window is narrow, the panels that do not fit collapse, from right to left, into a button with their icon, title and ▼ that drops the panel down below.

Minimizing the ribbon

The ▴/▾ button to the right of the tabs cycles through the ribbon states; right-click it to choose one directly:

The command line

The keyboard always goes to the command line, as in AutoCAD: just start typing.

Floating command line

The ⇱ button at its left undocks the command line: it becomes a window without a title bar that you can drag anywhere and widen by its edges. While it floats, the ◐ button sets its transparency (opacity from 10 to 100 %); it turns opaque when the mouse is over it. ⇲ docks it again below the drawing.

Palettes

PaletteHow to open it
PropertiesPROPERTIES, Ctrl+1 or double-click an object
Layer Properties ManagerLAYER or the button next to the layer control
BlocksINSERT
DesignCenterADCENTER
Tool palettesTOOLPALETTES
External references and imagesXREF

Each one has buttons in its header to place it:

Customizing

CUI changes the commands of any ribbon panel or Classic toolbar (add, remove and reorder) and assigns your own keyboard shortcuts. Your own aliases are edited with ALIASEDIT and saved in lince.pgp, with the syntax of AutoCAD's acad.pgp (one can be imported). Everything is saved in the configuration folder (%APPDATA%\lince; on Linux, ~/.config/lince), together with the workspaces.

The status bar

ItemWhat it does
CoordinatesCursor position. Click to add latitude and longitude when the drawing has a coordinate system
LayerCurrent layer
⚖ 1:1Annotation scale (CANNOSCALE); click to choose another one from the drawing's list
OSNAPObject snaps (F3); right-click to choose the modes
ORTHOOrtho mode (F8)
POLARPolar tracking (F10); right-click for the increment angle
OTRACKObject snap tracking (F11)
SNAPSnap the cursor to the grid (F9)
ISOIsometric drafting, with the current plane (F5 switches planes)
DYNDynamic input (F12)
ISOLATEIsolate or hide objects; on while there are hidden objects
TRANSPShow or hide the transparency of objects and layers (TRANSPARENCYDISPLAY)
⚙Current workspace; its menu switches it, saves it and opens the customization

Next come the program messages and, at the far right, what was drawn in the last redraw and how long it took.

Drawing tabs and layout tabs

With two or more drawings open, their tabs appear above the drawing area; Ctrl+Tab and Ctrl+Shift+Tab switch to the next and previous one. Below the drawing are the Model tab and one tab per layout (see Layouts and plotting).

Shortcut menu and double-click

Right-clicking in the drawing area opens a menu that depends on what you are doing:

Double-clicking an object opens its editor: a text, TEXTEDIT; a hatch, HATCHEDIT; a block with attributes, ATTEDIT; a block without attributes, BEDIT; a table cell, TABLEDIT. For any other object it opens the Properties palette.

You can also open a drawing by dragging the file onto the window.

See also

Keyboard shortcuts · Command aliases · Options · OPTIONS

Coordinates and input

When a command asks for a point, you can specify it by clicking in the drawing, with an object snap, or by typing its coordinates on the command line. Coordinates are Cartesian, in drawing units, in the current User Coordinate System (UCS), which at first is the World Coordinate System (WCS).

Ways to type a point

FormExampleMeaning
Absolute100,50X = 100, Y = 50 from the origin
Relative@20,-1020 to the right and 10 down from the last point
Relative polar@50<3050 units from the last point, at 30°
Absolute polar80<4580 units from the origin, at 45°
Direct distance3535 units from the last point, in the direction of the cursor
World*100,50 or @*20,0In the WCS even if there is a UCS

Dynamic input (F12)

With DYN on (it is on at startup), the command prompt appears next to the cursor and, when a point is requested, two fields with live values:

What you type goes to the active field. Tab locks that value (the cursor is constrained to it and a padlock appears) and moves to the other field; Enter sends the point. Without Tab, what you type is read exactly as on the command line. F12 or the DYN button on the status bar turns it on and off.

Coordinates on the status bar

The left end of the status bar shows the cursor position (or that of the point it snaps to, if there is an object snap or grid snap). It uses the units and precision set with UNITS and the number format from OPTIONS: with a decimal comma, X and Y are separated by a semicolon (12,5; 30). If the drawing has a coordinate system (GEOGRAPHICLOCATION), clicking the coordinates adds latitude and longitude.

Drawing units

UNITS sets how lengths and angles are displayed (decimal, feet and inches, degrees-minutes-seconds, bearings...) and their precision. The variables LUNITS, LUPREC, AUNITS, AUPREC and INSUNITS store these settings in the drawing.

Querying coordinates and distances

User coordinate systems (UCS)

A UCS is an origin and axes of your own, moved or rotated with respect to the WCS: for example, aligned with a building that does not follow the axes of the plan. Lince2D has UCSs in the plane, like AutoCAD in 2D:

For georeferenced drawings, see Geolocation.

See also

Object snaps and precision · LINE · UNITS · UCS · The user interface

Object snaps and precision

Clicking "close enough" is not enough to draw accurately: object snaps take the cursor to exact points on objects (endpoints, centers, intersections...), and Ortho, polar tracking and object snap tracking guide it along exact directions. All these aids work only while a command is asking for a point.

Object snaps (F3)

With OSNAP on, moving the cursor near a key point shows a yellow marker with its name, and the click snaps to that point. F3 or the status bar button turns snaps on and off; right-clicking the button opens the list of modes, with Select All and Clear All. At startup all modes are on except Nearest.

ModeTypePoint
EndpointENDEnd of lines, arcs, polyline segments
MidpointMIDMidpoint of a line, an arc or a segment
CenterCENCenter of circles, arcs and ellipses
NodeNODPoint objects
QuadrantQUAPoints at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° of circles, arcs and ellipses
IntersectionINTCrossing of two objects
ExtensionEXTExtension of a line or arc beyond its endpoint
InsertionINSInsertion point of blocks, texts and attributes
PerpendicularPERFoot of the perpendicular from the last point
TangentTANTangent point from the last point
NearestNEAPoint on the object nearest to the cursor

Snap override: when the command asks for a point, type the abbreviation (END, MID, TAN...) and press Enter: only that mode applies to the next point, even if OSNAP is off. The Spanish abbreviations (FIN, MED, CER...) and the underscore forms (_end) are accepted too. Object snaps also work inside inserted blocks and dimensions.

Object snap tracking (F11)

With OTRACK and object snaps on, rest the cursor on an object snap for half a second: the point is acquired and marked with a green cross. Horizontal and vertical tracking paths come out of each acquired point; the cursor snaps to them and to their intersections with other paths or with polar paths. Up to 7 points can be acquired; resting on one again releases it. The Extension mode is acquired the same way, by resting on an endpoint.

Ortho (F8) and polar tracking (F10)

Ortho and polar tracking exclude each other: turning one on turns the other off. With either of them, typing just a distance places the point in the marked direction (see Coordinates and input).

Grid and snap (F9)

The model background shows a grid that adapts to the zoom: its spacing is a power of 10 with at least 25 pixels between lines. With SNAP (F9) the cursor jumps to the nodes of that grid. The grid cannot be configured or hidden yet (the GRID toggle and F7 are not available yet). With a rotated UCS, the grid, snap and Ortho follow its axes (see Coordinates and input).

Isometric drafting (F5, Ctrl+E)

To draw isometric views in 2D, turn on isometric drafting with ISODRAFT or the ISO button on the status bar. Ortho, the grid, snap and the crosshairs then follow the two axes of the current isometric plane:

PlaneAxes
Left90° and 150°
Top30° and 150°
Right30° and 90°

F5 or Ctrl+E switch to the next plane (so does ISOPLANE), and ELLIPSE offers the Isocircle option to draw circles in the plane. The mode is saved in the drawing (SNAPSTYL and SNAPISOPAIR).

Order of priority

When several aids are on, the point is decided as follows: first the object snap under the cursor, if any; otherwise tracking (polar or object snap tracking); otherwise grid snap and Ortho. Dynamic input can then lock the distance or the angle with Tab.

See also

OSNAP · ORTHO · POLAR · SNAP · ISODRAFT · Coordinates and input · Keyboard shortcuts

Selecting objects

Almost all editing commands work on a set of selected objects. You can select them before starting the command (pre-selection, or noun/verb selection) or when the command asks for them with the prompt:

Select objects:

Ways to select

ActionResult
Click an objectSelects it (5-pixel pick box)
Drag from left to rightWindow: selects what lies entirely inside the rectangle
Drag from right to leftCrossing: selects what lies inside or crosses the rectangle
Shift + click or Shift + dragRemoves those objects from the selection
Ctrl+A or AI_SELALLSelects everything that can be selected
Type ALLWhile selecting for a command, adds everything
Type LastWhile selecting for a command, adds the last object created
Enter, Space or right-click > EnterEnds the selection and the command goes on

While selecting, the object under the cursor is highlighted so you can see what a click would select. Selected objects are drawn highlighted and, with no command running, show their grips (see Editing).

Pre-selection

With no command running, each click or window adds objects to the selection. If you then start an editing command (ERASE, MOVE, COPY...), the command uses that selection and does not ask again. To clear it:

With something selected, Delete erases it and right-clicking offers the most common editing commands.

What cannot be selected

Groups

A group (GROUP) is a named set of objects that are selected together. With the PICKSTYLE variable set to 1, selecting a member selects the whole group; Ctrl+Shift+A toggles this behavior. GROUPEDIT adds or removes members and UNGROUP dissolves the group.

Selecting by properties

Table cells

With no command running, a click inside a table selects the cell; Shift+click or dragging from one cell to another selects a range (see Tables).

Notes

See also

Editing · Layers · AI_SELALL · QSELECT · GROUP

Editing: grips, undo, clipboard and properties

Objects are changed with the editing commands (MOVE, COPY, ROTATE, TRIM...) or directly with the mouse, through their grips. This page covers what all of them have in common.

Grips

When you select objects with no command running, their grips appear: blue squares at the points that define each object (endpoints and midpoints of segments, center and quadrants of circles and arcs, insertion point of blocks and texts...). The one under the cursor turns red.

  1. Click a grip: it becomes the hot grip (red) and STRETCH mode starts.
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:
  1. Move the cursor and click where the point must go (object snaps and typed coordinates work). You can also drag the grip and drop it in place.
  2. Enter or Space cycles to the next mode, in this order:
ModeWhat it does
** STRETCH **Moves the point; if several objects share it, all of them are stretched
** MOVE **Moves the selected objects
** ROTATE **Rotates the objects around the grip (or the base point); a number is the angle
** SCALE **Scales the objects from the grip; a number is the factor
** MIRROR **Mirrors them about the line from the grip to the point you specify

Every mode has three options:

Dimensions, tables (column widths, row heights) and dynamic blocks have their own grips; those of dynamic blocks are drawn in cyan.

Undo and redo

Clipboard

CommandKeyWhat it does
COPYCLIPCtrl+CCopies the selection
CUTCLIPCtrl+XCopies the selection and erases it
COPYBASECtrl+Shift+CCopies with the base point you specify
PASTECLIPCtrl+VPastes; the objects follow the cursor until you click
PASTEBLOCKCtrl+Shift+VPastes the copied objects as a block
PASTEORIG—Pastes at the original coordinates

You can copy from one drawing and paste into another open drawing. The clipboard keys only act when the command line is empty and no command is running; if another text box has the keyboard focus, they copy and paste text as usual.

Properties

The PROPERTIES palette (Ctrl+1, or double-click an object) shows and changes the properties of the selection:

MATCHPROP copies the properties of one object to others.

Other editing aids

See also

Selecting objects · Layers and properties · Object snaps

Layers and object properties

Layers organize a drawing like stacked transparent sheets: every object is on a layer and, unless the object says otherwise, the layer sets its color, linetype, lineweight and transparency. Turning a layer off, freezing it or locking it affects all its objects at once.

The layer control

The layer control is on the ribbon (Home tab, Layers panel) and on the Layers toolbar of the Classic workspace: the drop-down list with the current layer and, for each layer, the state icons:

IconStateEffect
Light bulbOn or offObjects on a layer that is off are neither shown nor plotted
Sun or snowflakeThawed or frozenLike off, and also left out of calculations; the current layer cannot be frozen
Sun with viewportFrozen in the current viewportOnly in a layout viewport
PadlockUnlocked or lockedObjects are visible but cannot be selected or modified
Color swatchLayer colorClick to change it

Choosing a layer in the drop-down list makes it current: new objects are created on it. The current layer is also shown on the status bar.

The Layer Properties Manager

LAYER opens the Layer Properties Manager, a palette with one row per layer and AutoCAD's columns: status, name, on, freeze, VP freeze, lock, color, linetype, lineweight, transparency, plot, new VP freeze and description. Click a column title to sort, select several layers at once, and search by name with wildcards (*, ?).

Layer commands

CommandWhat it does
LAYMCURMakes an object's layer current
LAYMCHMoves objects to another object's layer
LAYERPUndoes the last change to layer settings
LAYISO / LAYUNISOLeaves only the layers of the selection visible, and undoes it
LAYOFF / LAYONTurns off an object's layer / turns all layers on
LAYFRZ / LAYTHWFreezes an object's layer / thaws all layers
LAYLCK / LAYULKLocks or unlocks an object's layer
LAYMRGMoves the objects of some layers to another one and deletes the former
LAYDELDeletes layers together with all their objects
-LAYERAll of the above from the command line (for scripts)

Color, linetype, lineweight and transparency

Each object has four properties that can take a specific value or one of these two:

Objects on layer 0 inside a block are drawn with the layer of the inserted block.

PropertyCommandValues
ColorCOLORByLayer, ByBlock, the 255 index colors (ACI) or an RGB true color
LinetypeLINETYPEContinuous and the loaded linetypes; more can be loaded from .lin files
LineweightLWEIGHTByLayer, ByBlock or a lineweight in millimeters
TransparencyPROPERTIESByLayer, ByBlock or 0 (opaque) to 90 %

The global linetype scale is LTSCALE; the one for new objects is CELTSCALE. The current values are in CLAYER, CECOLOR and CELTYPE. Lineweights are always shown on screen (the LWDISPLAY toggle is not available yet), and when plotting they depend on the plot style table.

To change the properties of objects already drawn, use the PROPERTIES palette or MATCHPROP.

Transparency

Transparency lets what is underneath an object show through: at 50 %, the object is half visible over the background and over whatever is behind it. Object transparency is changed in the Properties palette; layer transparency, in the Transparency column of the layer manager or with the TRansparency option of -LAYER. New objects take CETRANSPARENCY, which starts as ByLayer.

See also

Editing and properties · Blocks · Layouts and plotting · PURGE

Text, styles and fonts

Lince2D has AutoCAD's two kinds of text: single-line text (TEXT), created with TEXT, and multiline text or paragraph text (MTEXT), created with MTEXT. Both use a text style, which sets the font and its shape, and both are drawn with the real SHX or TrueType fonts, on screen and when plotting.

Single-line text

TEXT asks for the start point, the height and the rotation, and then the contents. Each line you type is a separate text object and the next one is placed below it; Enter on an empty line ends the command.

Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:

Multiline text

MTEXT asks for the two corners of the paragraph box; the width of the box decides where lines wrap. Before the second corner you can change the height, justification, style, rotation and width:

Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Style/Rotation/Width]:

Then the Text Editor opens, with style, height, justification, width and color, and bold, italic and underline buttons that apply to the selected text. Each line in the editor is a paragraph. AutoCAD's MTEXT formatting codes are honored (font change, height, color, underline, stacked fractions...).

Editing text

Double-click a text, or use TEXTEDIT, to change its contents: a single-line text on the command line itself and an MTEXT in its editor. The PROPERTIES palette also changes the height, style, justification and rotation.

Text styles

STYLE opens the text style manager: create, rename, delete and set current. Each style sets:

SettingEffect
FontAn SHX file (with an optional big font for Asian languages) or a TrueType font
Height0 to ask for it in each text, or a fixed height
Width factorNarrows (less than 1) or widens (more than 1) the characters
Oblique angleSlants the characters, between -85° and 85°
AnnotativeNew texts are written with the paper height and shown at the annotation scale

The current style is in TEXTSTYLE and the default height in TEXTSIZE. Annotative texts and annotation scales are explained in Dimensions and annotation scales.

Fields

A field is a piece of text that is computed automatically: the date, the file name, the drawing author or title, the user, or a property of an object (the length of a line, the area of a boundary, the layer...). FIELD creates a text with a field or puts it in an existing text.

Find, replace and check spelling

Fonts

Lince2D does not ship AutoCAD's own fonts: it looks for them, in this order, in the drawing folder, in AutoCAD's font folders if AutoCAD is installed, and in the system fonts (on Linux, those of fontconfig). If a style's font is missing, it uses simplex.shx, txt.shx or Arial instead, the first one it finds, as AutoCAD does with FONTALT. For a drawing to look the same on another computer, copy its SHX fonts next to the DWG.

Notes

See also

TEXT · MTEXT · STYLE · Dimensions · Tables

Dimensions, leaders and annotation scales

A dimension measures the drawing and writes the measurement. In Lince2D every dimension is an AutoCAD dimension object (DIMENSION) with its style: it is drawn from its definition points and regenerated when it is moved, copied or its style changes, so AutoCAD recognizes it and can edit it.

Dimension types

CommandMeasures
DIMLINEARHorizontal or vertical distance between two points
DIMALIGNEDTrue distance, parallel to the two points
DIMANGULARAngle between two lines or defined by a vertex and two points
DIMRADIUS / DIMDIAMETERRadius or diameter of a circle or an arc
DIMJOGGEDRadius of a large arc, with a jogged dimension line
DIMARCLength of an arc
DIMORDINATEX or Y coordinate of a point
DIMCONTINUEDimensions chained after the last one
DIMBASELINESeveral dimensions from the same origin
QDIMA series of dimensions of all the selected geometry

All of them ask for the points one by one, with a preview; object snaps (Endpoint, Center, Intersection...) are almost essential to dimension accurately. The dimension is created on the current layer; its lines, arrows and text go on layer 0 of the dimension's block with ByBlock properties, as in AutoCAD.

TOLERANCE creates geometric tolerance feature control frames (position, flatness, perpendicularity...); measurement tolerances (± and limits) are turned on in the dimension style.

Editing dimensions

Associative dimensions

With DIMASSOC set to 2 (the initial value), a dimension whose points lie on the geometry (endpoint, midpoint, center, quadrant, node or polyline vertex) is associated with it: when the line, arc or polyline is moved, stretched, scaled or edited with grips, the dimension moves and its measurement changes.

Dimension styles

DIMSTYLE opens the dimension style manager, with Set Current, New, Modify, Rename and Delete. When you modify a style, its settings are on AutoCAD's tabs: Lines, Symbols and Arrows, Text, Fit and Primary Units. Changes to a style apply to all the dimensions that use it.

A new drawing starts with a metric ISO-25 style (arrows and text 2.5 high). The decimal separator of the measurements is the style's: with a comma, as in Spanish AutoCAD, the dimension reads "56,57". The current style is in DIMSTYLE.

Multileaders

MLEADER draws a multileader: arrowhead, leader line, landing and a text or a block.

Annotation scales

For texts and dimensions to have the intended size on paper there are two ways:

The current annotation scale is chosen with the selector on the status bar (or with CANNOSCALE) among the scales of the drawing's list, which is edited with SCALELISTEDIT. What is created annotative:

An annotative object can support several scales and keeps one representation (position and size) for each. OBJECTSCALE adds scales to it or removes them and, with ANNOAUTOSCALE, the new scale is added automatically when the annotation scale changes. In a layout, each viewport shows the annotative objects at its own scale: the same text comes out the same size in a 1:50 viewport and in a 1:100 one.

Everything is saved as in AutoCAD: annotative objects of an AutoCAD drawing look the same in Lince2D, and the other way round.

Notes

See also

Text and styles · Object snaps · Layouts · Tutorial: dimensioning a plan

Blocks, attributes and libraries

A block is a named set of objects that you define once and insert as many times as needed (a door, a socket, a symbol). Each insertion is a single object that can be moved, rotated or scaled; if you change the definition, all insertions change.

Creating and inserting

CommandWhat it does
BLOCKDefines a block with a name, a base point and some objects
INSERTOpens the Blocks palette to insert
-INSERTInserts by asking on the command line (also a DWG or DXF file)
WBLOCKSaves a block as a DWG or DXF drawing
PASTEBLOCKPastes the copied objects as a new block
EXPLODEExplodes an insertion into its objects

When you create a block you choose what to do with the original objects: retain them, convert them to an insertion of the block, or delete them. If the name already exists, you are asked whether to redefine it.

The Blocks palette shows thumbnails of the blocks in the current drawing, the recently used ones and those of the libraries. Click or drag a block to place it; scale and rotation are typed or picked with the mouse. Inserting a DWG or DXF file brings it in as a block with its layers, styles and nested blocks; definitions that already exist in the drawing are kept.

Tip: draw the contents of a block on layer 0 with ByBlock properties; that way each insertion takes the layer, color and linetype it is inserted with (see Layers).

Attributes

Attributes are variable texts inside a block (a reference, a circuit, a price).

Dynamic blocks

Dynamic blocks made with AutoCAD work in Lince2D: their grips are drawn in cyan and change visibility, flip, lengths, point positions, rotation, arrays and lookup tables. The Properties palette shows their values in the Custom section. RESETBLOCK resets them to the values of the definition. Lince2D cannot create new parameters or actions yet.

Block Editor

BEDIT (or double-click a block without attributes) opens a block definition as if it were a drawing: all commands, object snaps, grips and undo work. The Block Editor ribbon tab appears and, at the bottom, a bar with the block name.

The whole editor session is undone in one step. External references and anonymous blocks cannot be edited.

DesignCenter, palettes and libraries

Notes

See also

Layers and properties · External references · Tables · Tutorial: blocks

Hatches and fills

A hatch (HATCH) fills a closed boundary with a pattern of lines, a solid fill or a gradient: sections, materials, areas of a plan. Lince2D draws the hatches of any DWG or DXF with their pattern and islands, and creates new hatches with HATCH and gradients with GRADIENT.

Creating a hatch

  1. Enter HATCH or click Hatch on the ribbon. The Hatch and Gradient dialog box opens.
  2. Choose the Pattern, the Scale and the Angle.
  3. Specify the boundary with Add: Pick points (click inside the area: Lince2D finds the closed boundary around it and any islands inside) or with Add: Select objects (select the closed objects that form it). Both can be combined. If the boundary has small gaps, HPGAPTOL closes them.
  4. Click OK.

Islands (boundaries inside the boundary) are treated as in AutoCAD's Normal style: hatched and empty areas alternate inwards.

Patterns

PatternLook
SOLIDSolid fill in the hatch color
ANSI3145° hatching, the usual one for sections
ANSI32Pairs of lines at 45° (steel)
ANSI37Grid at 45°
LINEHorizontal lines
NETHorizontal and vertical grid
CROSSCrosses
DOTSDots
BRICKBrick
HONEYHexagonal honeycomb
HORMIGONConcrete

They are Lince2D's own definitions with the usual names, so AutoCAD recognizes the hatch. Hatches that come with a drawing are always drawn with the pattern they store, even if it is not in this list.

The scale multiplies the pattern spacing; the angle rotates it (with ANSI31, 0° gives the 45° hatching).

The Origin option of HATCH chooses the point the pattern passes through: for example, so that a row of bricks starts at the corner of the wall.

Editing a hatch

Double-click the hatch, or use HATCHEDIT, to change its pattern, scale, angle, gradient or origin. On the command line, HATCHEDIT also disassociates it from its boundary or associates it with other objects, separates it into independent hatches (one per area) and recreates its boundary as polylines. The PROPERTIES palette also changes the layer, the color and the other general properties. A hatch is moved, copied, rotated and scaled like any other object, and TRIM removes the piece you pick between the cutting edges.

Associative hatches

The hatches Lince2D creates are associative, as in AutoCAD: they keep the objects of their boundary and, if one of them is edited (with grips, MOVE, STRETCH, PEDIT...), the hatch is rebuilt to follow it. It stops being associative if the hatch is moved on its own, if a boundary object is erased or if it is trimmed. AutoCAD recognizes the associativity when it opens the drawing.

HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY creates polylines with the boundary of a hatch that has lost it (without associating them).

Gradients

GRADIENT, or the Gradient tab of the HATCH dialog box, fills with a gradient of one color (towards black or white) or of two, in the nine AutoCAD types (linear, cylinder, spherical, hemispherical, curved and their inverted versions), centered or shifted and at any angle. They are saved as in AutoCAD, and the gradients that come in drawings are shown with their colors.

Related commands

Notes

See also

HATCH · HATCHEDIT · GRADIENT · Layers and properties · Layouts and plotting

Tables

A table is an object with rows and columns of cells holding text, numbers or formulas: bills of materials, area schedules, legends. Lince2D creates and edits tables compatible with AutoCAD's (TABLE object), which look and plot the same in both programs.

Creating a table

TABLE opens the Insert Table dialog box:

Once placed, you start typing in the first cell: Tab and Shift+Tab move to the next and previous cell, and the arrow keys move between cells.

Selecting and editing cells

With no command running:

With cells selected, the Table Cell palette appears: insert and delete rows and columns, merge and unmerge cells, alignment, text height and color, fill color, and quick formulas (Sum, Average, Count). Each button is equivalent to TABLECELL and is undone separately. The PROPERTIES palette also shows Table and Cells sections.

Formulas

A cell that starts with = is a formula. References are column and row, as in a spreadsheet (A3, B2:B9).

FormulaResult
=Sum(B2:B9)Sum of the range
=Average(B2:B9)Average
=Count(B2:B9)Number of cells with a value
=Min(B2:B9), =Max(B2:B9)Minimum and maximum
=B2*C2+1Arithmetic with +, -, * and / between cells and numbers

Formulas are recalculated when a cell changes, and a formula can use the result of another. A decimal comma is accepted, as in Spanish AutoCAD. They are stored as AutoCAD stores them, so AutoCAD keeps calculating them.

Grips

A selected table has grips to move it, to change the width of each column, the overall width and height (at the corners), and the height of each row. COPY, ROTATE, SCALE and EXPLODE work with tables as with any other object.

Table styles

TABLESTYLE creates and modifies table styles: cell margins and, for each kind of cell (title, header and data), text style and height, color, fill and alignment. The current style (CTABLESTYLE) can also be chosen on the ribbon, Annotate tab, Tables panel.

Import and export

Notes

See also

TABLE · TABLESTYLE · Text and styles · Blocks and attributes

External references

An external reference (xref) is another DWG or DXF drawing displayed inside the current one without copying it: an architectural plan under the building services, a survey base, a project's common title block. If someone changes the referenced drawing, the change shows when it is reloaded. A PDF underlay is the same with a page of a PDF: a plan received as a PDF that serves as a background to draw on.

Attaching a reference

  1. Enter XATTACH or click Attach DWG… in the XREF palette.
  2. Choose the file and specify the insertion point, the scale and the rotation.

With the Overlay option the reference is an overlay: it is shown in this drawing, but not in the drawings that attach this one (useful to avoid carrying bases from one drawing to another). The reference's layers appear as reference|layer: they can be turned off, frozen or recolored like any other, and with VISRETAIN = 1 those changes are kept when it is reloaded. The reference content is shown somewhat faded (XFADECTL) to tell it apart from your own objects.

The references of a reference (nested ones) are also loaded and drawn; nested overlays are not.

The External References palette

XREF opens the External References palette, with the tree of DWG references (and their nested ones), the PDF underlays and the raster images of the drawing. For each reference it shows its status, type, size, date, saved path and the file that was found, and it has buttons to:

ButtonWhat it does
ReloadReads it again from disk
UnloadStops showing it without removing it from the drawing
DetachRemoves it from the drawing with all its inserts
BindTurns it into a normal block of the drawing (BINDTYPE)
Change Path…Chooses another file or fixes its path

The same is done on the command line with -XREF, which accepts wildcards in the names. If a reference's file changes while the drawing is open (for example, because someone else saved it), the status bar warns about it with a button to reload it.

Where files are looked for

As in AutoCAD, for each reference the program tries, in this order:

  1. the saved path, if it is absolute;
  2. the saved path, relative to the drawing's folder;
  3. just the file name, in the drawing's folder.

That is why, to take a project to another computer, it is enough to copy the drawing and its references together. How the path of new ones is saved (full, relative or no path) is decided by REFPATHTYPE. For security, network paths (\\server\...) are not read, and nothing from a referenced file is ever run: only its geometry is read.

Clipping

XCLIP shows only part of a reference or a block, inside or outside a rectangular, polygonal or polyline boundary. XCLIPFRAME decides whether the boundary is shown.

PDF underlays

Not available yet

Alternatives

See also

Blocks · Raster images · File formats · XREF · XATTACH · PDFATTACH

Raster images

You can place raster images (photos, orthophotos, scanned drawings, logos) in the drawing, as in AutoCAD: the drawing stores only the image path, its position, size and rotation, not the pixels. So the image file must always travel with the drawing.

Formats

PNG, JPEG, BMP, TIFF (including GeoTIFF and tiled TIFF), GIF and WebP. ECW and MrSID cannot be read: convert them to GeoTIFF first with another program (for example, GDAL).

Inserting an image

  1. Enter IMAGEATTACH or use the Insert tab. Enter opens the dialog box to choose the file.
  2. Specify the insertion point (lower-left corner). The Path option chooses whether the path is saved Relative to the drawing folder or Full.
  3. Enter the scale factor (with 1, the image takes the size given by its resolution and the drawing units) and the rotation.

To place an image at its real-world coordinates, use GEOIMAGE or GEOREFIMAGE (see Geolocation).

Managing the images of a drawing

Adjusting the image

CommandWhat it does
IMAGECLIPShows only part of the image, inside (or outside, with Invert) a rectangular or polygonal boundary
IMAGEADJUSTChanges brightness, contrast and fade (0 to 100)
TRANSPARENCYLets what is underneath show through the transparent pixels of the file
DRAWORDERBrings the image below or above other objects

The IMAGEFRAME variable controls image frames: 0, no frame; 1, displayed and plotted; 2, displayed but not plotted (for now Lince2D plots it too).

An image is moved, copied, rotated and scaled like any other object.

Large images

Very large images (orthophotos of hundreds of megapixels) are loaded in tiles and in the background: a reduced version appears first and the detail arrives as you zoom in. Their memory use is capped, so you can work with several at once. Huge PNG and JPEG files, unlike TIFF, are read whole; it is better to convert them to TIFF.

Plotting

Images come out in PDF, SVG and PNG with their clipping and transparency. To keep files from growing without limit, each image is plotted at 300 dpi and 16 megapixels at most.

Notes

See also

Geolocation · External references · IMAGEATTACH · Layouts and plotting

Geolocation and GIS

A georeferenced drawing has its coordinates in a real-world reference system (for example, ETRS89 / UTM 30N): every point of the drawing is a point on the ground. This way orthophotos, maps, GIS files and GPS data can be overlaid without moving them by hand.

Coordinate system of the drawing

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION assigns a coordinate system to the drawing. Type its EPSG code (25830, 4326...) or the Autodesk code (ETRS89.UTM-30N), or choose it in the dialog box; the List option shows the available systems and Remove deletes it. The drawing must already be in coordinates of that system: GEOGRAPHICLOCATION moves nothing, it only states which system the drawing is in. It is saved as in AutoCAD, which recognizes it.

Systems includedEPSG codes
ETRS89 / UTM 28N to 31N25828 to 25831
WGS84 / UTM 28N to 31N32628 to 32631
ED50 / UTM 28N to 31N23028 to 23031
REGCAN95 (Canary Islands): geographic and UTM 27N and 28N4081, 4082 and 4083
Geographic WGS84, ETRS89, ED504326, 4258, 4230
Web Mercator3857

Transformations between ETRS89, WGS84 and UTM are accurate to better than a millimeter. ED50 transformations use the official NTv2 grid of the Spanish IGN if it is installed (in the rejillas folder next to the program or in AutoCAD's); otherwise a 7-parameter transformation with an error of about 1.5 m.

Geographic coordinates

GIS import and export

MAPIMPORT brings SHP (with its DBF), KML, KMZ and GeoJSON files into the drawing:

MAPEXPORT saves the selection to SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON; the format comes from the file extension. SHP is written in the drawing's system, with its .prj and one file per geometry type. KML, KMZ and GeoJSON are written in WGS84 and need the drawing to have a coordinate system.

Georeferenced images

Large orthophotos are loaded in tiles (see Raster images). ECW and MrSID cannot be read: convert them to GeoTIFF with GDAL.

Tips

See also

Raster images · Coordinates · Tutorial: georeferenced plan

Layouts and plotting

In model space you draw at full size (1 unit = 1 meter, or 1 millimeter, depending on the project). In the paper space of each layout you compose the sheet to be printed: the title block, notes, and one or more viewports that show the model at the chosen scale. Plotting turns the model or a layout into a PDF, SVG or PNG file.

Model and layout tabs

Below the drawing area are the Model tab and one tab per layout in the drawing. Switching to a layout shows the sheet of paper with its shadow and printable area, and the viewports with their contents.

A button next to the tabs shows whether you are working on paper (PAPER) or inside a viewport (MODEL); a click switches.

Viewports

LAYOUT and the layout tab context menu create, copy, delete, rename and insert layouts from templates (drag the tabs to reorder). MVIEW creates viewports (also non-rectangular) and VPCLIP clips them; inside a viewport zoom changes its view, and its scale is set in the status bar or PROPERTIES. VPMAX maximizes it.

Plotting

PLOT (Ctrl+P) opens the Plot dialog box:

SettingOptions
Page setupOne saved with PAGESETUP, the previous one, or none
Printer/plotterOutput to a vector PDF file (saved as "DWG To PDF.pc3", as in AutoCAD)
Paper sizeThose of "DWG To PDF.pc3": ISO (A and B), ANSI and ARCH; portrait or landscape
What to plotLayout, Extents, Display, Limits or Window (two corners in the drawing)
ScaleFit to paper or a scale: millimeters (or inches) of paper per drawing units
OffsetPlot origin or Center the plot
Plot style tableColor, screening and lineweight of each color when plotting
OptionsPlot lineweights, plot with plot styles, plot paper space last, scale lineweights

When you click OK you choose the file: the extension (.pdf, .svg or .png) decides the format. For PNG you choose the resolution in dots per inch. Apply to Layout saves the settings in the layout.

The PDF is vector-based: lines, fills and texts (with their real SHX or TrueType fonts) stay sharp at any zoom. With a system printer, the sheet is printed at the printer resolution.

Plot styles (CTB and STB)

The plot style table decides the color, screening and lineweight each object is plotted with. Lince2D includes monochrome.ctb (everything in black) and grayscale.ctb (grays), and also uses the .ctb files (or .stb, if the drawing uses named plot styles) in the drawing folder and in %APPDATA%\lince\estilos_trazado. You can copy AutoCAD's tables there.

Page setups and preview

Notes

See also

Layers · Dimensions and annotation scales · Raster images · Tutorial: from a plan to PDF

File formats and compatibility

Lince2D works directly with AutoCAD's formats: it opens and saves DWG and DXF with no conversion, and what it saves opens in AutoCAD with all its entities. Compatibility is checked with AutoCAD 2027 on dozens of real drawings, auditing every copy.

Opening

OPEN (Ctrl+O), or dragging the file onto the window, opens:

Each drawing opens in its own tab, in the background and with a progress bar (an 80 MB plan takes a few seconds). If the empty drawing from startup (Drawing1) has not been touched, it is replaced. Several drawings can be open at once, and you can copy and paste between them.

Saving

Save asOpened by
DWG 2018AutoCAD 2018 to 2027
DWG 2013AutoCAD 2013 to 2027
DWG 2010AutoCAD 2010 to 2027
DWG 2007AutoCAD 2007 to 2027
DWG 2004AutoCAD 2004 to 2027
DWG 2000AutoCAD 2000 to 2027
DXF 2018AutoCAD 2018 to 2027 and almost any CAD program
DXF 2000AutoCAD 2000 to 2027 and older programs

When saving to an earlier version, objects that do not exist in it (proxy objects of third-party applications, render sun) are left out, with a warning. Drawings with AutoCAD Architecture objects can only be saved as DWG in their original version. The DWG 2000 format is not compressed, so it takes about twice the space of the same drawing in 2004 or later.

Safe saving

Automatic save

Every 10 minutes, drawings with unsaved changes are saved in the background to the user's temporary folder (%TEMP%\lince\<name>_<n>.sv$). The file is deleted when the drawing is closed normally. If Lince2D closes unexpectedly, opening the drawing again warns that there is a more recent automatic save: change its extension to .dwg and open it.

Damaged drawings

Other formats

FormatHow
PDF, SVG, PNGOutput with PLOT or EXPORT (see Layouts and plotting)
SHP, KML, KMZ, GeoJSONMAPIMPORT and MAPEXPORT
Raster imagesIMAGEATTACH
CSVTables (TABLE, TABLEEXPORT) and attributes (ATTEXT)
.scr scriptsSCRIPT
AutoLISP .lspAPPLOAD

Notes

See also

What's new · External references · SAVEAS · RECOVER

Options and languages

OPTIONS (alias OP; also on the application menu and the Tools menu) opens the Options window with the program preferences. They belong to the user, not to the drawing: they apply to every drawing you open.

Interface tab

SettingWhat it does
LanguageLanguage of the whole interface: ribbon, menus, prompts, options, messages and help
Number formatAutomatic (by language), Decimal comma (1234,56) or Decimal point (1234.56)
Decimal placesNumber of decimal places of the lengths displayed (0 to 8)
ExampleHow a number will look with the chosen format

Apply tries the change without closing the window; OK applies and saves it; Cancel leaves everything as it was. Changing the language takes effect at once: no restart is needed.

Language and command names

Number format

The format decides how numbers are displayed: status bar coordinates, measurements from DIST or LIST, properties... With Automatic (by language) the language's format is used (comma in Spanish, point in English). With a decimal comma, X and Y are separated by a semicolon (12,5; 30).

What you type never changes: On the command line, input is always AutoCAD-style: decimal point and comma between coordinates (10.5,20).

Drawing units (decimal, feet and inches, angles) are a different thing: they are stored in each drawing and changed with UNITS. The decimal separator of dimensions is set by their style (DIMSTYLE).

Where they are stored

Preferences are stored in preferencias.toml, in the user configuration folder: %APPDATA%\lince on Windows and ~/.config/lince on Linux. The same folder holds lisp.toml (APPLOAD routines and trusted folders), idiomas (added language catalogs) and estilos_trazado (your own CTB and STB tables).

Adding a language

Each language is a text file <code>.ftl (UTF-8) with one key = text line for each text of the interface. Nothing needs to be compiled:

  1. Start from es.ftl, the complete Spanish catalog (in the idiomas folder of the Lince2D source code), and save it with the code of the new language: fr.ftl, de.ftl, pt-BR.ftl...
  2. Translate the texts to the right of =; do not change the keys or the { $name } variables. Use AutoCAD's official terms in that language.
  3. Put the name of the language, written in that language, in idioma-nombre, and its decimal separator (, or .) in idioma-separador-decimal.
  4. cmd-<command>-nombre and cmd-<command>-alias hold the names and aliases to be typed in that language. In the options (opt-…), the capital letters are the abbreviation.
  5. Copy the file to the idiomas folder next to lince.exe or to %APPDATA%\lince\idiomas and restart Lince2D: the language appears under Language.

A partial catalog works: whatever is missing is shown in Spanish. A file with the code of an existing language (es.ftl, en.ftl) replaces only the keys it contains, which is useful to adjust a few texts.

The pages of this help are translated the same way: an ayuda\<code> folder next to the program with the pages you want to translate; missing pages are shown in Spanish.

Other preferences

See also

The user interface · Coordinates · Keyboard shortcuts · UNITS

Keyboard and mouse shortcuts

Lince2D uses AutoCAD's keys and mouse gestures. The keyboard always goes to the command line: you do not need to click it before typing a command.

Function keys

KeyFunction
F1Help
F2Text window with the full command line history
F3Object snaps (OSNAP)
F5Next isometric plane, with isometric drafting (ISODRAFT)
F7Grid (not available yet: the grid is always shown)
F8Ortho mode (ORTHO)
F9Snap the cursor to the grid (SNAP)
F10Polar tracking (POLAR)
F11Object snap tracking (OTRACK)
F12Dynamic input (DYN)

Command shortcuts

Shortcuts assigned to commands in the program's command registry:

ShortcutCommandFunction
Ctrl+1PROPERTIESProperties
Ctrl+AAI_SELALLSelect All
Ctrl+CCOPYCLIPCopy Clip
Ctrl+NNEWNew
Ctrl+OOPENOpen
Ctrl+PPLOTPlot
Ctrl+QQUITExit
Ctrl+SQSAVESave
Ctrl+Shift+CCOPYBASECopy with Base Point
Ctrl+Shift+SSAVEASSave As
Ctrl+Shift+VPASTEBLOCKPaste as Block
Ctrl+VPASTECLIPPaste
Ctrl+XCUTCLIPCut
Ctrl+YREDORedo
Ctrl+ZUNDOUndo
DelERASEErase
F1HELPHelp
F10POLARPOLAR
F3OSNAPOSNAP
F7GRIDGRID
F8ORTHOORTHO
F9SNAPSNAP

Other combinations

KeysFunction
Ctrl+Shift+ATurns whole-group selection on or off (PICKSTYLE)
Ctrl+ENext isometric plane, like F5
Ctrl+Tab / Ctrl+Shift+TabNext or previous open drawing

Editing keys

KeyFunction
Enter or SpaceSends what you typed or ends the selection; on an empty line, repeats the last command
EscCancels the running command (or grip editing); a second Esc clears the selection
DeleteErases the selection, with no command running
TabCompletes the suggested command name; in dynamic input, locks the value and moves to the other field; in a table, moves to the next cell
Arrow keysChoose among the autocomplete suggestions; in a table, move between cells
Shift while selectingRemoves objects from the selection instead of adding them

Space does not send while you are typing text (TEXT, MTEXT, names) or inside an AutoLISP expression that starts with (: in those cases, only Enter does.

Mouse

ActionFunction
ClickSpecifies a point or selects an object
Drag right / leftWindow / crossing selection
Click a gripMakes it hot to stretch, move, rotate, scale or mirror
Double-click an objectOpens its editor (text, hatch, attributes, block, cell) or the Properties palette
Right-clickShortcut menu: Enter, Cancel, command options, repeat, edit the selection...
WheelZoom centered on the cursor
Drag with the middle buttonPan: moves the view
Double-click the middle buttonZoom extents: the whole drawing on screen
Click the blue options of the promptChooses that option

In a layout, double-clicking inside a viewport enters it, and double-clicking outside the viewports returns to paper.

Notes

See also

The user interface · Object snaps and precision · Selecting objects

What's new

History of the Lince2D versions, from the most recent to the oldest. The installed version is shown in the window title and in ABOUT.

0.1.4-beta (November 2026)

0.1.3-beta (November 2026)

0.1.2-beta

0.1.1-beta

0.1.0-beta: first complete basic 2D clone

Brings together everything from the 0.0.x versions: drawing, editing, precision, layers, text, dimensions, blocks, hatches, layouts, plotting, utilities and several open drawings. The program is now split into independent modules, which speeds up its development.

0.0.14-alpha

0.0.13-alpha

0.0.12-alpha

0.0.11-alpha

0.0.10-alpha

0.0.9-alpha

0.0.8-alpha

0.0.7-alpha

0.0.6-alpha

0.0.1-alpha to 0.0.5-alpha (October 2026)

Coming soon

A collapsible ribbon with editable aliases and shortcuts, and this help (F1).

See also

File formats · The user interface · ABOUT

Command Reference

Draw

ARC — Arc

Creates an arc through three points.

Draws a circular arc. By default it passes through three points: start, intermediate and end. With its options it can also be drawn by its center, or by its start, its end and the center or the radius.

Usage

  1. Enter ARC (or A) or click Arc.
  2. Specify the start point, or enter Center to begin with the center.
Specify start point of arc or [Center]:
  1. Specify a second point the arc passes through, or enter Center or End.
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:
  1. Specify the end point.
Specify end point of arc:

Options

Specify center point of arc:
Specify start point of arc:
Specify center point of arc or [Radius]:
Specify radius of arc:

Notes

See also

CIRCLE · PLINE · ELLIPSE · Object snaps and precision

BOUNDARY — Boundary

Creates a polyline or a region from the boundary around a point.

Creates a closed polyline (or a region) from the boundary around an internal point, using the objects that enclose it. The original objects are not modified.

Usage

  1. Enter BOUNDARY (or BO) or click Boundary.
  2. Click inside each closed area. For each one, its outer boundary and the boundary of each island it contains are created.
Pick internal point or [Object type]:
  1. Press Enter to finish; the program reports how many objects it has created.

Options

Enter type of boundary object [Region/Polyline] <Polyline>:

Notes

See also

REGION · HATCH · AREA · PLINE

CIRCLE — Circle

Creates a circle by center and radius.

Draws a circle. By default you specify the center and the radius; with its options, also by three points, by the endpoints of a diameter or tangent to two objects with a given radius.

Usage

  1. Enter CIRCLE (or C) or click Circle.
  2. Specify the center, or enter an option.
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
  1. Specify the radius with a point on the circle or by typing its value.
Specify radius of circle:

Options

Specify first point on circle:
Specify second point on circle:
Specify third point on circle:
Specify first end point of circle's diameter:
Specify second end point of circle's diameter:
Specify point on object for first tangent of circle:
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle:
Specify radius of circle:

Notes

See also

ARC · ELLIPSE · DONUT · POLYGON · Object snaps and precision

DIVIDE — Divide

Places points or blocks that divide an object into equal parts.

Divides an object into a number of parts of equal length and places points (or a block) at the divisions. The object is not cut.

Usage

  1. Enter DIVIDE (or DIV) or click Divide.
  2. Select a line, arc, circle, polyline, ellipse or spline.
Select object to divide:
  1. Enter the number of parts, from 2 to 32767.
Enter the number of segments or [Block]:

Options

Enter name of block to insert:
Align block with object? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Enter the number of segments:

Notes

See also

MEASURE · POINT · PTYPE · BLOCK

DONUT — Donut

Draws filled rings or filled circles.

Draws donuts (filled rings) or filled circles. You give the two diameters and then as many centers as you want.

Usage

  1. Enter DONUT (or DO) or click Donut.
  2. Enter the inside diameter; Enter accepts the one shown.
Specify inside diameter of donut <…>:
  1. Enter the outside diameter, greater than the inside one.
Specify outside diameter of donut <…>:
  1. Specify the center of each donut. Press Enter or Esc to finish.
Specify center of donut or <exit>:

Notes

See also

CIRCLE · SOLID · PLINE · PEDIT

ELLIPSE — Ellipse

Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc.

Draws an ellipse or an elliptical arc. The ellipse is defined by one axis (its two endpoints, or the center and one endpoint) and by the distance to the other axis or by a rotation.

Usage

  1. Enter ELLIPSE (or EL) or click Ellipse.
  2. Specify one endpoint of the first axis, or enter an option.
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]:
  1. Specify the other endpoint of that axis.
Specify other endpoint of axis:
  1. Specify the distance from the center to the other axis, with a point or a number.
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]:

Options

Specify center of ellipse:
Specify endpoint of axis:
Specify rotation around major axis:
Specify start angle or [Parameter]:
Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included angle]:
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center/Isocircle]:
Specify radius of isocircle or [Diameter]:

Notes

See also

CIRCLE · ARC · SPLINE · Object snaps and precision

GRADIENT — Gradient

Fills an enclosed area with a gradient fill.

Fills a closed area with a color gradient: from one color to another, or from a color towards black or white. It is HATCH with its dialog open on the Gradient tab: the boundary is given in the same way.

Usage

  1. Enter GRADIENT (or GD) or click the button.
  2. In the Hatch and Gradient dialog, choose One color or Two color and the colors (from the AutoCAD palette or a true color).
  3. With one color, move the slider between Shade (towards black) and Tint (towards white).
  4. Choose one of the nine types by clicking its sample, and set Centered and the Angle.
  5. Click inside each area you want to fill (or select its boundaries, as in HATCH).
Pick internal point or [Select objects/Pattern/sCale/Angle/Gradient/Origin]:
  1. Press Enter or OK.

Types

LINEAR, CYLINDER, INVCYLINDER, SPHERICAL, INVSPHERICAL, HEMISPHERICAL, INVHEMISPHERICAL, CURVED and INVCURVED: the same as in AutoCAD. When not centered, the gradient is shifted towards one side, as in AutoCAD.

On the command line

The Gradient (G) option of HATCH and HATCHEDIT asks for the type (? lists them), the angle and whether it is centered; it uses the colors of the last gradient.

Enter gradient name or [?] <…>:
Specify gradient angle <…>:
Centered gradient? [Yes/No] <Yes>:

Notes

See also

HATCH · HATCHEDIT · HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY · Hatches

HATCH — Hatch

Fills a closed boundary with a pattern.

Fills a closed area with a pattern of lines, a solid fill or a gradient. While the command runs, the Hatch and Gradient dialog box is shown, with its Hatch tab (the pattern swatches, the scale and the angle) and its Gradient tab; the same can be done on the command line.

Usage

  1. Enter HATCH (or H) or click Hatch.
  2. In the dialog box, choose the pattern by clicking its swatch and set the scale and the angle (or switch to the Gradient tab: see GRADIENT).
  3. Click inside each area you want to hatch (or, with the Select objects option, select its boundaries). The dialog box shows how many boundaries have been found.
Pick internal point or [Select objects/Pattern/sCale/Angle/Gradient/Origin]:
  1. Press Enter or OK to create the hatch. Cancel exits without creating it.

Options

Select objects or [Internal point/Pattern/sCale/Angle/Gradient/Origin]:
Enter a pattern name or [?] <…>:
Enter gradient name or [?] <…>:
Specify new hatch origin:

Patterns

SOLID (solid fill), ANSI31, ANSI32, ANSI37, LINE, NET, DOTS, CROSS, BRICK, HONEY and HORMIGON (concrete). The definitions are Lince2D's own; the names match AutoCAD's when the drawing is the same. HORMIGON is saved as a custom pattern.

Notes

See also

HATCHEDIT · GRADIENT · HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY · BOUNDARY · Hatches

HATCHEDIT — Edit Hatch

Modifies the pattern, scale, angle, gradient or boundary of a hatch.

Changes the pattern, scale, angle, gradient, origin or boundary of an existing hatch. It also opens when you double-click the hatch.

Usage

  1. Enter HATCHEDIT (or HE), or double-click a hatch. If a hatch was already selected, that one is edited.
  2. Select the hatch.
Select hatch object:
  1. Change the values in the Hatch and Gradient dialog box (Hatch or Gradient tab) or with the command-line options.
Enter an option [Pattern/sCale/Angle/Gradient/Origin/Disassociate/ASsociate/Separate/Boundary recreate] <exit>:
  1. Press Enter or OK to apply the changes.

Options

Specify new hatch origin:
Select boundary objects:

Notes

See also

HATCH · GRADIENT · HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY · PROPERTIES · Hatches

HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY — Generate Boundary

Creates non-associated polylines around selected hatches.

Creates closed polylines around the selected hatches: one for each boundary, the outer one and that of each island. It is used to recover the boundary of a hatch that has lost it (for example, one that comes from another program or has been disassociated).

Usage

  1. Enter HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY or click the button.
  2. Select the hatches and press Enter. If hatches were already selected, those are used.
Select hatch objects:
  1. The program reports how many boundaries it has created.
Boundaries created: ….

Notes

See also

HATCHEDIT · HATCH · BOUNDARY · Hatches

LINE — Line

Creates straight line segments.

Draws straight line segments. Each segment is a separate object that can be moved, erased or put on another layer on its own. For an outline that is a single object, use PLINE.

Usage

  1. Enter LINE (or L) or click Line on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the first point with a click, an object snap or by typing its coordinates.
Specify first point:
  1. Specify the next point. A segment is created and the prompt repeats from the last point.
Specify next point or [Undo]:
  1. From the third point on you can close the figure.
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
  1. Press Enter, Space or Esc to finish.

Options

Notes

See also

PLINE · RECTANG · PEDIT · Object snaps and precision

MEASURE — Measure

Places points or blocks at measured intervals along an object.

Places points (or a block) along an object at intervals of a given length, measured from one of its ends. The object is not cut.

Usage

  1. Enter MEASURE (or ME) or click Measure.
  2. Select the object near the end you want to measure from.
Select object to measure:
  1. Enter the length of each segment.
Specify length of segment or [Block]:

Options

Enter name of block to insert:
Align block with object? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Specify length of segment:

Notes

See also

DIVIDE · POINT · PTYPE · BLOCK

MLINE — Multiline

Draws multilines (parallel lines following the multiline style).

Draws multilines: several parallel lines that run together, according to a multiline style. They are used, for example, for walls or roads.

Usage

  1. Enter MLINE (or ML) or click Multiline. The prompt shows the current justification, scale and style.
Current settings: Justification = …, Scale = …, Style = …. Specify start point or [Justification/Scale/STyle]:
  1. Specify the start point and the following ones.
Specify next point:
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
  1. Press Enter to finish.

Options

Enter justification type [Top/Zero/Bottom] <…>:
Enter mline scale <…>:
Enter mline style name or [?]:

Notes

See also

MLEDIT · PLINE · LINE · EXPLODE

PLINE — Polyline

Creates a polyline with several segments.

Draws a polyline: a sequence of straight and arc segments that form a single object. Each segment can have a width, constant or tapering from its start to its end.

Usage

  1. Enter PLINE (or PL) or click Polyline.
  2. Specify the first point.
Specify first point:
  1. Specify the next points. Each point adds a straight segment.
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Width/Undo]:
  1. With the Arc option, the following segments are arcs tangent to the previous segment: specify the end point of each arc.
Specify end point of arc or [Line/Close/Width/Undo]:
  1. Press Enter, Space or Esc to finish.

Options

Specify starting width <…>:
Specify ending width <…>:

Notes

See also

LINE · RECTANG · POLYGON · PEDIT · EXPLODE · Object snaps and precision

POINT — Point

Creates point objects.

Places point objects. Each click creates a point; points are used as marks and as targets for the Node object snap.

Usage

  1. Enter POINT (or PO) or click Point.
  2. Specify a point with a click or by typing its coordinates. The prompt repeats so you can place more points.
Specify a point:
  1. Press Enter, Space or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

PTYPE · DIVIDE · MEASURE · Object snaps and precision

POLYGON — Polygon

Creates a regular polygon.

Draws a regular polygon, with 3 to 1024 sides, as a closed polyline.

Usage

  1. Enter POLYGON (or POL) or click Polygon.
  2. Enter the number of sides; Enter accepts the one shown.
Enter number of sides <4>:
  1. Specify the center.
Specify center of polygon:
  1. Choose whether the polygon is inscribed in the circle or circumscribed about it.
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>:
  1. Specify the radius with a point or by typing its value.
Specify radius of circle:

Options

Notes

See also

RECTANG · CIRCLE · PLINE · PEDIT

RAY — Ray

Creates lines that start at a point and continue to infinity.

Draws rays: half-lines that start at a point and go on endlessly in one direction. Like construction lines, they are construction guides, for when only one side matters.

Usage

  1. Enter RAY or click the button.
  2. Specify the start point.
Specify start point:
  1. Specify a point the ray passes through. Each point creates another ray from the same start.
Specify through point:
  1. Press Enter, Space or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

XLINE · LINE · Object snaps and precision

RECTANG — Rectangle

Creates a rectangle from two opposite corners.

Draws a rectangle with its sides parallel to the X and Y axes of the current UCS from two opposite corners. The rectangle is a closed polyline with four vertices.

Usage

  1. Enter RECTANG (or REC) or click Rectangle.
  2. Specify the first corner.
Specify first corner point:
  1. Specify the opposite corner, with a click or with relative coordinates: @40,25 draws a 40 × 25 rectangle.
Specify other corner point:

Notes

See also

PLINE · POLYGON · PEDIT · Coordinates and input

REGION — Region

Converts closed curves into regions.

Converts closed curves into regions: flat surfaces saved in the same way as in AutoCAD. Each closed curve selected becomes a region and the original curve is erased.

Usage

  1. Enter REGION (or REG) or click Region. If objects were already selected, those are used.
  2. Select closed polylines, circles, ellipses or closed splines.
Select objects:
  1. Press Enter. The program reports how many loops it found and how many regions it created.

Notes

See also

BOUNDARY · EXPLODE · AREA · Selecting objects

REVCLOUD — Revision Cloud

Draws a revision cloud: rectangular, polygonal, freehand or from an object.

Draws a revision cloud: a polyline made of arcs used to mark the changes on a drawing. The cloud can be rectangular, polygonal or freehand, or made from an existing object.

Usage

  1. Enter REVCLOUD or click Revision Cloud.
  2. Choose the type of cloud with its option, if it is not the current one, and specify the first point. The prompt shows the current type; Enter goes to the Object option.
Specify first corner point or [Arc length/Object/Rectangular/Polygonal/Freehand/Style] <Object>:
  1. Rectangular: specify the opposite corner and the cloud is created.
Specify opposite corner:
  1. Polygonal and freehand: specify the next points and press Enter to finish.
Specify next point or [Undo]:

Options

Specify minimum length of arc <…>:
Specify maximum length of arc <…>:
Reverse direction [Yes/No] <No>:
Select arc style [Normal/Calligraphy] <Normal>:

Notes

See also

PLINE · RECTANG · PEDIT · WIPEOUT

SOLID — 2D Solid

Draws filled triangles and quadrilaterals.

Draws filled triangles and quadrilaterals (2D solids). They can be chained to form a strip.

Usage

  1. Enter SOLID (or SO) or click 2D Solid.
  2. Specify the first and second points: they form one side.
Specify first point:
Specify second point:
  1. Specify the third point.
Specify third point:
  1. Specify the fourth point, or press Enter to create a triangle and finish.
Specify fourth point or <exit>:
  1. After the fourth point, the third and fourth become the first side of the next solid: go on with more third and fourth points, or press Enter to finish.

Notes

See also

HATCH · DONUT · WIPEOUT

SPLINE — Spline

Creates a smooth curve through the specified points.

Draws a smooth curve (spline). By default the curve passes through the points you specify (Fit method); with the CV method, the points are control vertices that pull the curve.

Usage

  1. Enter SPLINE (or SPL) or click Spline.
  2. Specify the first point, or first change the method, the knots or the degree.
Specify first point or [Method/Knots]:
  1. Specify the next points.
Enter next point or [start Tangency]:
Enter next point or [end Tangency/Undo/Close]:
  1. Press Enter to finish.

Options

Enter spline creation method [Fit/CV] <Fit>:
Enter knot parameterization [Chord/Square root/Uniform] <Chord>:
Enter degree of spline <3>:

Notes

See also

SPLINEDIT · PLINE · ELLIPSE · REVCLOUD

WIPEOUT — Wipeout

Covers what lies under an outline with the background color.

Creates a wipeout: a polygonal area that covers everything drawn beneath it with the background color. It is used, for example, to clear the space for a text or a table on a drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter WIPEOUT or click Wipeout.
  2. Specify the first point of the boundary, or press Enter to convert a polyline.
Specify first point or [Frames/Polyline] <Polyline>:
  1. Specify the next points.
Specify next point:
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
  1. Press Enter (or enter C) to close the boundary and create the wipeout. At least three points are required.

Options

Select a closed polyline:
Erase polyline? [Yes/No] <No>:
Enter mode [ON/OFF/Display but not plot] <ON>:

Notes

See also

DRAWORDER · REVCLOUD · SOLID · HATCH

XLINE — Construction Line

Creates lines of infinite length in both directions.

Draws construction lines: infinite straight lines in both directions, useful as construction guides (axes, alignments, projections between views). They do not count for zoom extents.

Usage

  1. Enter XLINE (or XL) or click the button.
  2. Specify a point on the line, or choose an option.
Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]:
  1. Specify a point it passes through. Each point creates another construction line through the first one; Enter ends.
Specify through point:

Options

Enter angle of xline (0) or [Reference]:
Select a line object:
Enter angle of xline <0>:
Specify angle vertex point:
Specify angle start point:
Specify angle end point:
Specify offset distance or [Through] <Through>:
Specify side to offset:

Notes

See also

RAY · LINE · OFFSET · Object snaps and precision

Modify

-MLEDIT — Edit Multiline (command line)

Edits multilines from the command line.

Command-line version of MLEDIT: edits crossings, tees, corners, vertices, cuts and welds of multilines by typing the code of the tool. It is the way to use it in scripts and in AutoLISP.

Usage

  1. Enter -MLEDIT.
  2. Type the code: CC, OC or MC (crosses), CT, OT or MT (tees), CJ (corner), AV or DV (add or delete vertex), CS or CA (cut one or all) or WA (weld all).
Enter mline editing option [CC/OC/MC/CT/OT/MT/CJ/AV/DV/CS/CA/WA]:
  1. Select the multilines and the points as in MLEDIT. The prompt repeats; Enter finishes.
Select first mline or [Undo]:

Options

Notes

See also

MLEDIT · MLINE · SCRIPT

-OVERKILL — Delete Duplicate Objects (command line)

Deletes duplicates from the command line.

Command-line version of OVERKILL: erases duplicates and combines overlapping lines and arcs with typed options, without dialog boxes. It is the way to use it in scripts and in AutoLISP.

Usage

  1. Enter -OVERKILL.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter (or start the command with them already selected).
Select objects:
  1. Change the settings you want and press Enter to clean up.
Current settings: Tolerance=…, Ignore=…, Optimize polylines=…, Combine partial overlap=…, Combine end-to-end=…. Enter an option to change [Done/Ignore/tOlerance/optimize Polylines/combine parTial overlap/combine End-to-end] <done>:

Options

The same as OVERKILL: tOlerance (O), Ignore (I), Polylines (P), parTial (T), End-to-end (E) and Done (D).

Notes

See also

OVERKILL · SCRIPT · AutoLISP

ALIGN — Align

Moves, rotates and scales objects to align them with others.

Moves, rotates and, if you ask for it, scales the selected objects so that some source points match some destination points. Use it to fit a part or a block against another object without working out angles.

Usage

  1. Enter ALIGN (or AL).
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the first pair of points: one on the objects (source) and the place where it must go (destination).
Specify first source point:
Specify first destination point:
  1. Specify the second pair, or press Enter to just move.
Specify second source point or <continue>:
Specify second destination point:
  1. Specify the third pair, or press Enter and choose whether the objects are scaled so that the second source lands on the second destination (Enter: no).
Specify third source point or <continue>:
Scale objects based on alignment points? [Yes/No] <N>:

Notes

See also

MOVE · ROTATE · SCALE · MIRROR · Object snaps and precision

ARRAY — Array

Repeats objects in rows and columns or in a circle.

Repeats the selected objects in rows and columns (rectangular array) or around a center (polar array). The copies are independent objects.

Usage

  1. Enter ARRAY (or AR) or click Array on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Choose the type of array (Enter: rectangular).
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>:
  1. Rectangular: enter the number of rows and columns (Enter: 1) and the distances between them. The original stays in a corner; with negative distances the copies go down or to the left.
Enter the number of rows (---) <1>:
Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>:
Specify the distance between rows:
Specify the distance between columns:
  1. Polar: specify the center, the number of items (including the original) and the angle to fill (Enter: 360; negative, clockwise). The copies are rotated around the center.
Specify center point of array:
Enter the number of items in the array:
Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>:

Options

Notes

See also

COPY · OFFSET · ROTATE · Selecting objects

BREAK — Break

Breaks an object between two points.

Breaks an object by removing the piece between two points, or splits it in two at a single point without removing anything.

Usage

  1. Enter BREAK (or BR) or click Break on the ribbon.
  2. Click the object. The point you click is the first break point.
Select object:
  1. Specify the second break point: whatever lies between both points is removed.
Specify second break point or [First point] (@: at the same point):

Options

Specify first break point:

Notes

See also

TRIM · JOIN · LENGTHEN · Object snaps and precision

CHAMFER — Chamfer

Bevels the corner between two lines.

Chamfers the corner between two lines: it trims each one at the chamfer distance measured from their intersection and joins both ends with a straight segment.

Usage

  1. Enter CHAMFER (or CHA) or click Chamfer on the ribbon.
  2. If needed, change the distances with the Distance option; then it goes back to selecting.
Select first line or [Distance]:
Specify first chamfer distance (Enter: current):
Specify second chamfer distance (Enter: same as first):
  1. Select the first line and then the second one, each on the part you want to keep. The first distance applies to the first line and the second one, to the other.
Select second line:
  1. The chamfer is created and the command ends.

Options

Notes

See also

FILLET · TRIM · EXTEND · Editing

COPY — Copy

Copies objects from a base point to another point.

Copies the selected objects from a base point to one or more destination points. Each point you specify creates a new copy; the originals do not change.

Usage

  1. Enter COPY (or CO, CP) or click Copy on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the base point.
Specify base point:
  1. Specify the destination point. A copy is created and the prompt repeats to make another one from the same base point.
Specify second point or <exit>:
  1. Press Enter, Space or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

MOVE · ARRAY · OFFSET · MIRROR · Selecting objects

DRAWORDER — Draw Order

Changes the draw order of objects.

Changes the order in which overlapping objects are drawn: it brings the selection to the front or sends it to the back of everything, or above or under other specific objects. It is useful with images, solid hatches and wipeouts.

Usage

  1. Enter DRAWORDER (or DR).
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Choose where they go (Enter: to the back).
Enter object ordering option [Above objects/Under objects/Front/Back] <Back>:
  1. With Above or Under, select the reference objects and press Enter.
Select reference objects:

Options

Notes

See also

WIPEOUT · HATCH · IMAGEATTACH · Editing

ERASE — Erase

Removes objects from the drawing.

Removes the selected objects from the drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter ERASE (or E) or click Erase on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects with clicks, windows or crossing windows and press Enter to erase them.
Select objects:

The quickest way is preselection: select the objects with no command running and press Delete, or start ERASE, which erases them without asking anything else.

Notes

See also

UNDO · OVERKILL · PURGE · CUTCLIP · Selecting objects

EXPLODE — Explode

Breaks a compound object into its parts.

Breaks each selected compound object into the pieces it is made of: a polyline into lines and arcs, a block into its objects, a multiline into its lines, a dimension into its lines, arrowheads and text, a hatch into its lines and a table into its lines and texts.

Usage

  1. Enter EXPLODE (or X) or click Explode on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are exploded without asking.
Select objects:

Notes

See also

JOIN · PEDIT · BLOCK · UNGROUP · Blocks

EXTEND — Extend

Extends objects to the nearest boundary.

Extends an object from the selected end until it meets the first object in its way (the boundary edges).

Usage

  1. Enter EXTEND (or EX) or click Extend on the ribbon.
  2. Select the boundary edges and press Enter, or press Enter straight away so that every object in the drawing acts as a boundary.
Select boundary edges or <select all>:
  1. Click each object near the end you want to extend. The prompt repeats to extend more.
Select object to extend:
  1. Press Enter or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

TRIM · LENGTHEN · FILLET · Editing

FILLET — Fillet

Joins two objects with a tangent arc.

Joins two lines with a tangent arc of the current radius, trimming or extending them up to the arc. With radius 0 it takes them to their intersection and makes a sharp corner.

Usage

  1. Enter FILLET (or F) or click Fillet on the ribbon.
  2. If needed, change the radius with the Radius option; then it goes back to selecting.
Select first object or [Radius]:
Specify fillet radius (Enter: current):
  1. Select the first line and then the second one, each on the part you want to keep.
Select second object:
  1. The arc is created and the command ends.

Options

Notes

See also

CHAMFER · TRIM · EXTEND · Editing

GROUP — Group

Creates a group with the selected objects.

Creates a group with the selected objects: a named (or unnamed) set that is selected as a whole with one click, while its objects stay independent and can be edited separately.

Usage

  1. Enter GROUP (or G).
  2. If you want, choose Name or Description before selecting.
Select objects or [Name/Description]:
Enter a group name or [?]:
Enter a group description:
  1. Select the objects and press Enter: the group is created. If the objects were already selected before starting the command, the group is created at once, unnamed.

Options

Notes

See also

GROUPEDIT · UNGROUP · BLOCK · Selecting objects

GROUPEDIT — Edit Group

Adds or removes objects from a group, or renames it.

Changes an existing group: adds objects to it or removes them, or renames it.

Usage

  1. Enter GROUPEDIT.
  2. Select a member of the group, or choose Name and type the name of the group (? lists them). If objects of a single group were already selected before starting the command, that group is edited without asking.
Select group or [Name]:
  1. Choose what to do.
Enter an option [Add objects/Remove objects/REName]:
  1. Select the objects to add or remove and press Enter, or type the new name.
Select objects to add to group:
Select objects to remove from group:
Enter new name for group or [?]:

Options

Notes

See also

GROUP · UNGROUP · Selecting objects

JOIN — Join

Joins touching objects into one.

Joins into a single object several objects that touch at their ends: aligned lines into one line, and consecutive lines, arcs and polylines into a polyline.

Usage

  1. Enter JOIN (or J) or click Join on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects to join and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are joined without asking.
Select objects:

Notes

See also

PEDIT · EXPLODE · BREAK · PLINE · Selecting objects

LENGTHEN — Lengthen

Lengthens or shortens lines, arcs and open polylines.

Measures or changes the length of lines, arcs and open polylines: it lengthens or shortens the end nearest to the point where you select, along the curve itself.

Usage

  1. Enter LENGTHEN (or LEN).
  2. Select an object to see its length (and the included angle, for an arc), or choose how to change it. Enter repeats the previous mode and value.
Select an object to measure or [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic] <…>:
  1. Enter the value of the chosen mode.
  2. Select each object near the end you want to change. The prompt repeats; Enter finishes.
Select an object to change or [Undo]:

Options

Enter delta length or [Angle] <…>:
Enter percentage length <…>:
Specify total length or [Angle] <…>:
Specify new end point:

Notes

See also

EXTEND · TRIM · BREAK · LIST · Editing

MIRROR — Mirror

Creates a mirrored copy about an axis.

Creates a mirrored copy of the selected objects about an axis defined by two points and, if you ask for it, erases the originals.

Usage

  1. Enter MIRROR (or MI) or click Mirror on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the two points of the mirror line. While you specify the second one the result is previewed.
Specify first point of mirror line:
Specify second point of mirror line:
  1. Choose whether the originals are kept (Enter: they are kept).
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <No>:

Options

Notes

Specify second point or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:

See also

COPY · ROTATE · ARRAY · Selecting objects

MLEDIT — Edit Multiline

Crosses, tees, corners, vertices, cuts and welds of multilines.

Edits multilines: resolves their crossings, tee junctions and corners, adds or deletes vertices and cuts or welds their elements. Each tool is chosen by its two-letter code, the same ones as in AutoCAD.

Usage

  1. Enter MLEDIT.
  2. Type the code of the tool (table below).
Enter mline editing option [CC/OC/MC/CT/OT/MT/CJ/AV/DV/CS/CA/WA]:
  1. For crosses, tees and corners, select the first multiline and the second one. For the other tools, select the multiline at the point where the tool acts and, if asked, specify the second point.
Select first mline or [Undo]:
Select second mline:
Select mline or [Undo]:
Select second point:
  1. The prompt repeats with the same tool to keep editing; Enter finishes.
CodeTool
CC / OC / MCClosed, open or merged cross between two multilines
CT / OT / MTClosed, open or merged tee (the first one ends on the second)
CJCorner joint: both multilines are trimmed or extended until they meet
AV / DVAdd or delete a vertex at the selected point
CS / CACut one element or all of them between the selected point and the second point
WAWeld all the elements between both points (removes the cuts)

Options

Notes

See also

MLINE · -MLEDIT · EXPLODE · Editing

MOVE — Move

Moves objects from a base point to another point.

Moves the selected objects a distance and direction given by two points: the base point and the destination point. The objects keep their shape, size and orientation.

Usage

  1. Enter MOVE (or M) or click Move on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the base point: the point of the objects you want to take somewhere else.
Specify base point:
  1. Specify the destination point. While you move the cursor you see where the objects will go.
Specify second point:

Notes

Specify move point or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:

See also

COPY · ROTATE · ALIGN · STRETCH · Selecting objects · Editing

OFFSET — Offset

Creates a parallel copy at a distance.

Creates a parallel copy of an object at a given distance, on the side you indicate: parallel lines, concentric circles and arcs or equidistant polylines.

Usage

  1. Enter OFFSET (or O) or click Offset on the ribbon.
  2. Type the offset distance (greater than 0).
Specify offset distance:
  1. Click the object you want to offset.
Select object to offset or <exit>:
  1. Specify a point on the side where the copy is created.
Specify point on side to offset:
  1. The prompt of step 3 repeats with the same distance to offset other objects (or the new one). Press Enter or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

COPY · ARRAY · PLINE · Editing

OVERKILL — Delete Duplicate Objects

Deletes duplicate objects and combines overlapping lines and arcs.

Cleans a drawing of repeated objects: it erases exact duplicates and combines overlapping lines and arcs into a single one. It is useful with imported drawings or with objects drawn several times on top of each other.

Usage

  1. Enter OVERKILL.
  2. Select the objects to check and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. The prompt shows the current settings. Change the ones you want and press Enter (or choose Done) to clean up.
Current settings: Tolerance=…, Ignore=…, Optimize polylines=…, Combine partial overlap=…, Combine end-to-end=…. Enter an option to change [Done/Ignore/tOlerance/optimize Polylines/combine parTial overlap/combine End-to-end] <done>:
  1. When it finishes, the command line reports how many duplicates and how many overlapping objects or segments were deleted.

Options

Specify Tolerance <…>:
Specify properties to ignore (…) or [All/None] <…>:

Notes

See also

-OVERKILL · ERASE · JOIN · PURGE · Selecting objects

PEDIT — Edit Polyline

Edits polylines: close, join, width, vertices, fit and spline.

Edits polylines: closes or opens them, joins other objects to them, changes their width, edits their vertices and turns them into curves. It also converts lines and arcs into polylines.

Usage

  1. Enter PEDIT (or PE).
  2. Select a polyline, or choose Multiple to select several. If you select a line or an arc, you are offered to turn it into a polyline. With preselection: one object is edited directly and several go into Multiple.
Select polyline or [Multiple]:
Object selected is not a polyline. Do you want to turn it into one? [Yes/No] <Y>:
  1. Choose options; the prompt repeats until you press Enter.
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Reverse/Undo]:

Options

Enter a vertex editing option [Next/Previous/Break/Insert/Move/Regen/Straighten/Tangent/Width/eXit] <N>:

Notes

See also

PLINE · JOIN · EXPLODE · SPLINEDIT · Editing

ROTATE — Rotate

Rotates objects around a base point.

Rotates the selected objects around a base point. The angle is given with a point or typed in degrees.

Usage

  1. Enter ROTATE (or RO) or click Rotate on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the base point: the center of rotation.
Specify base point:
  1. Specify the angle. Typed, in degrees (positive is counterclockwise); with a click, the angle is that of the direction from the base point to the point. The preview follows the cursor.
Specify rotation angle:

Notes

Specify rotation angle or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:

See also

MOVE · SCALE · ALIGN · MIRROR · Selecting objects

SCALE — Scale

Enlarges or reduces objects from a base point.

Enlarges or reduces the selected objects from a base point, the only point that does not move.

Usage

  1. Enter SCALE (or SC) or click Scale on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are used without asking.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the base point.
Specify base point:
  1. Specify the scale factor: typed (greater than 0; 2 doubles, 0.5 halves) or with a click, and then the factor is the distance from the base point to the point.
Specify scale factor:

Notes

Specify scale factor or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:

See also

ROTATE · ALIGN · STRETCH · LENGTHEN · Selecting objects

SPLINEDIT — Edit Spline

Edits splines: fit points, control vertices, close, reverse and convert to polyline.

Edits a spline: closes or opens it, changes its fit points or its control vertices, reverses its direction or converts it into a polyline.

Usage

  1. Enter SPLINEDIT (or SPE).
  2. Select the spline. If it was selected (on its own) before starting the command, it is used without asking.
Select spline:
  1. Choose options; the prompt repeats until you choose eXit or press Enter.
Enter an option […/…Edit vertex/convert to Polyline/Reverse/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:

Options

Enter a fit data option [Add/…/Delete/Move/Purge/Tangents/toLerance/eXit] <eXit>:
Enter a vertex editing option [Add/Delete/Move/Weight/eXit] <eXit>:
Specify a precision <10>:

Notes

See also

SPLINE · PEDIT · PLINE · Editing

STRETCH — Stretch

Stretches objects by moving the vertices inside a crossing window.

Stretches objects by moving only the vertices and endpoints that lie inside a crossing window; the rest of each object stays where it was. Use it, for example, to lengthen a part or move a door without redrawing the walls.

Usage

  1. Enter STRETCH (or S) or click Stretch on the ribbon.
  2. Select the objects with a crossing window (dragged from right to left) that encloses the points to move. You can make several crossing windows. Press Enter.
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window:
  1. Specify the base point and the second point, as in MOVE. The preview moves only the captured points.
Specify base point:
Specify second point:

Notes

Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/eXit]:

See also

MOVE · LENGTHEN · SCALE · Selecting objects · Editing

TRIM — Trim

Trims objects at their intersections.

Trims the part of an object that lies between its intersections with other objects (the cutting edges) or between an intersection and its end.

Usage

  1. Enter TRIM (or TR) or click Trim on the ribbon.
  2. Select the cutting edges and press Enter, or press Enter straight away so that every object in the drawing acts as an edge.
Select cutting edges or <select all>:
  1. Click the unwanted part of each object: the selected piece is removed up to the nearest intersections. The prompt repeats to trim more.
Select object to trim:
  1. Press Enter or Esc to finish.

Notes

See also

EXTEND · BREAK · LENGTHEN · FILLET · Editing

UNGROUP — Ungroup

Removes a group; its objects stay in the drawing.

Removes a group. Its objects stay in the drawing, but they are no longer selected together.

Usage

  1. Enter UNGROUP.
  2. Select a member of the group, or choose Name and type the name of the group (? lists them). The group is removed at once.
Select group or [Name]:
Enter a group name or [?]:

Preselection is quicker: click a member (the whole group is selected) and start UNGROUP. If the selection belongs to several groups, all of them are removed.

Options

Notes

See also

GROUP · GROUPEDIT · EXPLODE

Annotation

-SCALELISTEDIT — Scale List (command line)

Edits the scale list from the command line.

Command-line version of SCALELISTEDIT: edits the list of annotation scales of the drawing. It is the one used in scripts.

Usage

  1. Enter -SCALELISTEDIT.
  2. Choose an option (Enter: Add).
Enter option [?/Add/Delete/Reset/Exit] <Add>:

Options

Enter scale ratio (paper:drawing):
Reset scale list to default entries? [Yes/No] <No>:

Notes

See also

SCALELISTEDIT · OBJECTSCALE

DIMALIGNED — Aligned

Creates a dimension parallel to the points.

Dimensions the true distance between two points, with the dimension line parallel to the segment that joins them, also when it is diagonal.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMALIGNED (or DAL) or click Aligned on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the first extension line origin, or press Enter to select a line.
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>:
  1. Specify the second extension line origin.
Specify second extension line origin:
  1. Specify how far from the points the dimension line goes.
Specify dimension line location:

Selecting an object

With Enter at the first step you select a line; its endpoints are the origins.

Select object to dimension:

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · DIMEDIT · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMANGULAR — Angular

Dimensions the angle between two lines.

Dimensions the angle between two non-parallel lines, or the angle defined by a vertex and two points, with a dimension arc. The text is in degrees, with the angular precision of the dimension style.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMANGULAR (or DAN) or click Angular on the ribbon.
  2. Select the first line, or press Enter to specify the angle with three points.
Select first line or <specify vertex>:
  1. Select the second line. If it is parallel to the first one, a message is shown and another line is requested.
Select second line:
  1. Move the cursor to choose which angle is dimensioned (depending on the quadrant it is in) and how far from the vertex the arc goes, and specify the point.
Specify dimension arc line location:

Three points

With Enter at the first step, the vertex and a point on each side of the angle are requested, then the location of the arc:

Specify angle vertex:
Specify first angle endpoint:
Specify second angle endpoint:

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · DIMRADIUS · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMARC — Arc Length

Dimensions the length of an arc.

Dimensions the length of an arc, measured along the curve. The dimension arc is concentric with the dimensioned arc and the text carries the arc length symbol (⌒).

Usage

  1. Enter DIMARC (or DAR).
  2. Select the arc with a click. Circles are not accepted.
Select arc:
  1. Move the cursor to preview the dimension and specify where the dimension arc goes.
Specify arc length dimension location:

Notes

See also

DIMANGULAR · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMBASELINE — Baseline

Creates linear dimensions from the same baseline.

Creates several dimensions measured from the same origin. Each dimension line is offset from the previous one by the DIMDLI distance of the dimension style, so that they do not overlap.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMBASELINE (or DBA).
  2. The command starts from the last linear or aligned dimension in the drawing, from its first extension line. If there is none, select the base dimension.
Select base dimension:
  1. Specify the second extension line origin. A dimension is created from the common origin to that point and the prompt repeats.
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>:
  1. Press Enter to finish.

Options

Notes

See also

DIMCONTINUE · DIMLINEAR · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMBREAK — Dimension Break

Breaks dimension and extension lines where other objects cross them.

Breaks the dimension and extension lines where other objects cross them, so the drawing reads better, or removes the breaks.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMBREAK (or DBR).
  2. Select the dimension, or choose Multiple to select several (Enter ends the selection).
Select dimension to add/remove break or [Multiple]:
  1. Select the object that breaks the dimension (only that one will break it), press Enter (or choose Auto) to break it with everything that crosses it, or choose Remove to remove the breaks.
Select object to break dimension or [Auto/Remove] <Auto>:
  1. The number of changed dimensions is reported.

Options

Select dimensions:

Notes

See also

DIMSPACE · DIMEDIT · Dimensions

DIMCONTINUE — Continue

Creates a chain of linear dimensions from the previous one.

Chains linear dimensions: each new dimension starts where the previous one ends, on the same dimension line. It is used for consecutive spans (openings in a façade, spacing of columns…).

Usage

  1. Enter DIMCONTINUE (or DCO).
  2. The command starts from the last linear or aligned dimension in the drawing. If there is none, select the dimension to continue.
Select continued dimension:
  1. Specify the second extension line origin. A dimension is created from the previous one to that point and the prompt repeats from the new dimension.
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>:
  1. Press Enter to finish. If no dimension has been created yet, Enter asks you to select another starting dimension.

Options

Notes

See also

DIMBASELINE · DIMLINEAR · DIMALIGNED · Dimensions

DIMDIAMETER — Diameter

Dimensions the diameter of a circle or arc.

Dimensions the diameter of a circle or an arc. The text is prefixed with the diameter symbol (Ø50).

Usage

  1. Enter DIMDIAMETER (or DDI) or click Diameter on the ribbon.
  2. Select the circle or the arc with a click.
Select arc or circle:
  1. Move the cursor and specify where the dimension goes. The dimension line crosses the center in the direction of the cursor.
Specify dimension line location:

Notes

See also

DIMRADIUS · DIMANGULAR · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMDISASSOCIATE — Disassociate Dimensions

Removes associativity from the selected dimensions.

Removes associativity from the selected dimensions: they stop following the geometry they measure and stay where they are.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMDISASSOCIATE (or DDA).
  2. Select the dimensions and press Enter. Anything that is not a dimension is discarded.
Select dimensions to disassociate:
  1. The number of disassociated dimensions is reported.

Notes

See also

DIMREASSOCIATE · DIMASSOC · Dimensions

DIMEDIT — Edit Dimension

Changes the text of dimensions or moves it back to its default position.

Changes the text of one or more dimensions, or moves the text back to the position given by the style.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMEDIT (or DED).
  2. Choose the type of editing (Enter: Home).
Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New] <Home>:
  1. With New, type the new text.
Enter dimension text <<>>:
  1. Select the dimensions and press Enter. They are redrawn with the change.
Select objects:

Options

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · DIMSTYLE · PROPERTIES · Dimensions

DIMJOGGED — Jogged

Creates jogged radius dimensions for large arcs and circles.

Dimensions the radius of a large arc or circle whose center lies outside the drawing or far from the visible area. The dimension line does not start at the real center but at an override center you choose, and it has a jog (a zigzag break) showing that it is not to scale.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMJOGGED (or DJO, JOG).
  2. Select the arc or the circle with a click.
Select arc or circle:
  1. Specify the override center: the point the dimension line starts from.
Specify center location override:
  1. Specify where the dimension line goes (and the arrow on the curve).
Specify dimension line location:
  1. Specify where the jog goes, between the override center and the arrow.
Specify jog location:

Notes

See also

DIMRADIUS · DIMJOGLINE · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMJOGLINE — Dimension, Jogged Linear

Adds or removes a jog line on a linear or aligned dimension.

Adds a jog (a zigzag break) to the line of a linear or aligned dimension, to show that the measurement does not match the drawn length, or removes it.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMJOGLINE (or DJL).
  2. Select the linear or aligned dimension, or choose Remove.
Select dimension to add jog or [Remove]:
  1. Specify where the jog goes on the dimension line, or press Enter to place it between the text and the first arrow.
Specify jog location (or press ENTER):

Options

Select jogs to remove:

Notes

See also

DIMJOGGED · DIMLINEAR · DIMALIGNED · Dimensions

DIMLINEAR — Linear

Creates a horizontal or vertical dimension.

Dimensions the horizontal or vertical distance between two points. The dimension is horizontal or vertical depending on where you drag the dimension line: above or below the points it measures the X distance; to one side, the Y distance.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMLINEAR (or DLI) or click Linear on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the first extension line origin, or press Enter to select a line.
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>:
  1. Specify the second extension line origin.
Specify second extension line origin:
  1. Move the cursor to preview the dimension and specify where the dimension line goes.
Specify dimension line location:

Selecting an object

With Enter at the first step the object is requested: the endpoints of the selected line are the two origins.

Select object to dimension:

Notes

See also

DIMALIGNED · DIMCONTINUE · DIMBASELINE · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMORDINATE — Ordinate

Creates an ordinate dimension.

Dimensions the X or Y coordinate of a point relative to the drawing origin, with a leader from the point to the text. It is the usual dimension in machining or setting-out drawings.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMORDINATE (or DOR).
  2. Specify the point to dimension (the feature).
Specify feature location:
  1. Specify the leader endpoint. If the leader runs mostly vertically, the X is dimensioned; if it runs horizontally, the Y.
Specify leader endpoint or [Xdatum/Ydatum]:

Options

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · DIMSTYLE · Coordinates · Dimensions

DIMRADIUS — Radius

Dimensions the radius of a circle or arc.

Dimensions the radius of a circle or an arc. The text is prefixed with the letter R (R25).

Usage

  1. Enter DIMRADIUS (or DRA) or click Radius on the ribbon.
  2. Select the circle or the arc with a click.
Select arc or circle:
  1. Move the cursor around the circle and specify where the dimension goes. The dimension line starts at the center, in the direction of the cursor.
Specify dimension line location:

Notes

See also

DIMDIAMETER · DIMANGULAR · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

DIMREASSOCIATE — Reassociate Dimensions

Associates the selected dimensions to geometry.

Associates dimensions with the geometry again: for each selected dimension you specify its definition points once more and the dimension becomes linked to the objects found there. From then on the dimension follows those objects when they are moved, stretched, scaled or edited with grips.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMREASSOCIATE (or DRE).
  2. Select the dimensions and press Enter. Anything that is not a dimension is discarded.
Select dimensions to reassociate:
  1. The points of each dimension are requested one by one. Specify the point with an object snap (endpoint, midpoint, center, quadrant or node) or press Enter to keep the current one.
Specify definition point … or press Enter to skip:
  1. At the end, the number of dimensions that became associative is reported.

Points requested

DimensionPoints
Linear and alignedThe two extension line origins
Arc lengthThe two endpoints of the arc
Three-point angularThe vertex and the two points
Radius and diameterThe center
OrdinateThe feature point

Notes

See also

DIMDISASSOCIATE · DIMASSOC · Dimensions

DIMSPACE — Adjust Space

Adjusts the spacing between parallel linear dimensions.

Makes the spacing between parallel linear dimensions equal: it places them at the same distance from one another starting from a base dimension, or aligns them all on the same line.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMSPACE (or DSP).
  2. Select the base dimension, the one that does not move.
Select base dimension:
  1. Select the dimensions to space and press Enter.
Select dimensions to space:
  1. Enter the spacing, or press Enter for the automatic one.
Enter value or [Auto] <Auto>:

Options

Notes

See also

DIMBASELINE · DIMBREAK · Dimensions

DIMSTYLE — Dimension Style

Creates and modifies dimension styles.

Manages dimension styles: creates, modifies, renames and deletes styles, and sets the current one. The style sets the look of dimensions: extension lines, arrows, text, scale and number format.

Usage

  1. Enter DIMSTYLE (or D, DST) or click Dimension Style on the ribbon. The Dimension Style Manager opens.
  2. Choose a style in the Styles: list (styles used by dimensions show "(in use)"). Double-click makes it current.
  3. Click one of the buttons.

Buttons

Modify Dimension Style

Click OK: the dimensions that use the style are redrawn.

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · STYLE · DIMEDIT · Dimensions

FIELD — Field

Inserts an updatable field: date, file name, drawing properties or an object property.

Inserts a field: a text whose value is computed and updated automatically, such as the date, the file name, the drawing author or a property of an object (the length of a line, the area of a boundary...). The field can go in a new text or replace the contents of an existing text.

Usage

  1. Enter FIELD (or FLD).
  2. Choose the field (Enter: Date).
Enter field [Date/Filename/Author/Title/Subject/Login/Object] <Date>:
  1. With Object, select the object and choose the property (Enter: Length).
Enter property [Length/Area/Radius/Diameter/anGle/laYer] <Length>:
  1. Specify where the new text starts, or choose Select text and select a text or a multiline text.
Specify text start point or [Select text]:
Select the text to hold the field:

Fields

OptionValue
DateToday's date (in the short date format of the interface language)
FilenameThe drawing file name
Author, Title, SubjectThe drawing properties
LoginThe user logged on to the computer
ObjectLength, Area, Radius, Diameter, anGle or laYer of the selected object

Notes

See also

UPDATEFIELD · MTEXT · Text and styles

FIND — Find and Replace

Finds text in texts, attributes, dimensions, leaders and tables and replaces it.

Finds a text in the drawing and replaces it with another. It searches texts, multiline texts, attributes, dimension override texts, multileaders and table cells.

Usage

  1. Enter FIND (or FND). The Find and Replace dialog box opens.
  2. Type what you are looking for in Find what:. Below it you see how many times it appears, updated as you type.
  3. Type the new text in Replace with: and click Replace All. Close finishes without changing anything.

The dialog box

Command line

While the dialog box is open you can also type:

Find what:
Replace with (Enter: find only):

If you press Enter at the second prompt, the matches are only counted. The typed search uses the boxes of the dialog.

Notes

See also

SPELL · TEXTEDIT · Text and styles

MLEADER — Multileader

Creates a multileader: arrowhead, landing and text or block content.

Creates a multileader: an arrow pointing at a point, a landing and some content (multiline text, a block or nothing). Its look is set by the current multileader style.

Usage

  1. Enter MLEADER (or MLD) or click Multileader on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the arrowhead location, or choose what to specify first.
Specify leader arrowhead location or [leader Landing first/Content first/Options] <Options>:
  1. Specify the next point. When the maximum number of points is reached (2 by default: the arrowhead and the landing), that point is the landing; with more points, Enter ends the leader at the last one.
Specify leader landing location:
  1. If the content is text, the MTEXT editor opens: type the text and click OK.

Options

Enter an option [Content type/Maxpoints/eXit options] <eXit options>:

Notes

See also

MLEADEREDIT · MLEADERALIGN · MLEADERSTYLE · Text and styles

MLEADERALIGN — Align Multileaders

Aligns the content of several multileaders.

Aligns the content of several multileaders: their landings move onto the same line, the one that starts at the reference multileader in the direction you specify. The arrowheads do not move.

Usage

  1. Enter MLEADERALIGN (or MLA) or click Align Multileaders on the ribbon.
  2. Select the multileaders to align and press Enter.
Select multileaders:
  1. Select the multileader used as the reference (it does not move).
Select multileader to align to:
  1. Specify the direction of the line (for example, vertical with Ortho to stack the texts in a column).
Specify direction:

Notes

See also

MLEADER · MLEADEREDIT · MLEADERSTYLE

MLEADEREDIT — Add or Remove Leaders

Adds leaders to a multileader or removes leaders from it.

Adds leaders to a multileader or removes some. All the leaders reach the same landing and the same content.

Usage

  1. Enter MLEADEREDIT (or MLE) or click Add or Remove Leaders on the ribbon.
  2. Select the multileader.
Select a multileader:
  1. Specify the arrowhead of each new leader; the prompt repeats. Press Enter to finish.
Specify leader arrowhead location or [Remove leaders]:

Options

Specify leaders to remove or [Add leader]:

Notes

See also

MLEADER · MLEADERALIGN · MLEADERSTYLE

MLEADERSTYLE — Multileader Style

Creates, modifies and sets the current multileader style.

Manages multileader styles: creates and modifies styles and sets the current one. When a style is modified, the multileaders that use it are updated.

Usage

  1. Enter MLEADERSTYLE (or MLS) or click Multileader Style on the ribbon. The Multileader Style Manager opens.
  2. Choose a style in the Styles: list.
  3. Set Current makes it current; to create one, type the name in the field and click New (a copy of the selected style); Modify... shows its values.
  4. Change the values, click OK and, when done, Close.

Modifying the style

Command line

While the dialog box is open you can type:

Multileader Style Manager (or ?, Current name, New name, Text height value):

Notes

See also

MLEADER · STYLE · Text and styles

MTEXT — Multiline Text

Creates a formatted paragraph of text.

Creates multiline text (MTEXT): a paragraph inside a box, with line breaks and formatting (bold, italic, underline, color, height) within the same object. For one-line notes, TEXT is quicker.

Usage

  1. Enter MTEXT (or T, MT) or click Multiline Text on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the first corner of the box.
Specify first corner:
  1. Specify the opposite corner or choose an option. The box width is the paragraph width: long lines wrap at the edge.
Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Style/Rotation/Width]:
  1. The Text Editor opens. Type the text and click OK. You can also type the lines on the command line; Enter on an empty line finishes.
Enter text (Enter on an empty line ends):

Options

Enter justification [TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] <…>:

Text Editor

Notes

See also

TEXT · TEXTEDIT · STYLE · Text and styles

OBJECTSCALE — Object Scale

Adds or deletes annotation scales of annotative objects.

Adds or deletes annotation scales of the selected annotative objects. An annotative object keeps one representation for each scale it supports and is shown with the one of the current annotation scale (CANNOSCALE) or of the viewport; if it does not support that scale, it is shown with its default scale.

Usage

  1. Enter OBJECTSCALE (or OBJSC).
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. Objects that are not annotative are discarded.
Select annotative objects:
  1. Choose whether to add or delete a scale (Enter: Add).
Enter an option [Add/Delete/?] <Add>:
  1. Enter the scale name as it appears in the drawing's scale list (1:50). When adding, Enter takes the current annotation scale.
Enter named scale to add or [?] <…>:
Enter named scale to delete or [?]:

Options

Notes

See also

SCALELISTEDIT · CANNOSCALE · Annotation scales

QDIM — Quick Dimension

Quickly creates a series of dimensions from the selected geometry.

Creates a series of dimensions of the selected geometry in one go: chained dimensions, baseline dimensions, staggered dimensions, ordinate dimensions, or radius or diameter dimensions of all arcs and circles. It is the quick way to dimension a part or a façade.

Usage

  1. Enter QDIM (or QD).
  2. Select the geometry you want to dimension and press Enter.
Select geometry to dimension:
  1. Move the cursor to preview the dimensions and specify where the dimension line goes, or choose another type of dimension first. Enter finishes without dimensioning.
Specify dimension line position or [Continuous/Staggered/Baseline/Ordinate/Radius/Diameter] <…>:

Options

Which points are dimensioned

Notes

See also

DIMCONTINUE · DIMBASELINE · DIMORDINATE · Dimensions

SCALELISTEDIT — Scale List

Edits the drawing's list of annotation scales.

Edits the list of annotation scales of the drawing: adds scales, deletes the ones not needed or goes back to the default list. The list is saved in the drawing, as in AutoCAD (ACAD_SCALELIST dictionary).

Usage

  1. Enter SCALELISTEDIT.
  2. Choose an option (Enter: Add).
Enter option [?/Add/Delete/Reset/Exit] <Add>:
  1. To add a scale, type its name and its paper:drawing ratio.
Enter name for new scale:
Enter scale ratio (paper:drawing):

Options

Notes

See also

-SCALELISTEDIT · OBJECTSCALE · Annotation scales · Layouts

SPELL — Check Spelling

Checks the spelling of texts with the language dictionary.

Checks the spelling of the texts in the drawing with the dictionary of the interface language (Spanish or English) and suggests corrections for every word it does not recognize.

Usage

  1. Enter SPELL (or SP).
  2. Select the objects you want to check and press Enter, or press Enter without selecting anything to check the whole drawing.
Select objects (Enter: entire drawing):
  1. For each word not in the dictionary, the Check Spelling dialog box opens with the suggestions. Pick one (or type the right one in Change to:) and click a button.
  2. At the end you are told: Spelling check complete.

Buttons

Command line

The same prompt can be answered by typing:

"…" is not in the dictionary. Suggestions: …. Type the correction or [Ignore/All/Add] <Ignore>:

Type the correction (ending with *, for all identical occurrences) or one of the options; Enter ignores the word.

Notes

See also

FIND · TEXTEDIT · Text and styles

STYLE — Text Style

Creates and modifies text styles.

Creates, modifies and deletes text styles, and sets the current one. A text style holds the font, an optional fixed height, the width factor and the oblique angle; it is used by TEXT, MTEXT, dimensions and tables.

Usage

  1. Enter STYLE (or ST) or click Text Style on the ribbon. The Text Style dialog box opens.
  2. Choose a style in the Styles: list. Its values are shown on the right.
  3. Change the values and click Apply to save them in the style.

Controls

Notes

See also

TEXT · MTEXT · DIMSTYLE · Text and styles

TABLE — Insert Table

Creates an empty table or one with the data of a CSV file.

Inserts a table: empty, to type in its cells, or filled with the data of a CSV file or of pasted text. The table is an AutoCAD TABLE object, with title, header and data rows according to its style.

Usage

  1. Enter TABLE (or TB) or click Insert Table on the ribbon. The Insert Table dialog box opens.
  2. Choose the style, where the data comes from and the size, and click OK.
  3. Specify the insertion point (the upper-left corner) or, with Specify window, the two corners.
Specify insertion point:
  1. In an empty table you start typing in the first cell: Tab moves to the next cell, Shift+Tab to the previous one and the Up and Down arrows to another row. OK finishes.

Insert Table

Command line

While the dialog box is open you can type the same options; Enter accepts.

Table options [Columns/Rows/Width/Height/Style/WIndow/CSV] <OK>:

Columns (C), Rows (R), Width (W), Height (H), Style (S), WIndow (WI, toggles point and window) and CSV (CSV, path of the file).

Formulas

Contents starting with = are a formula: =Sum(A3:A5), =Average(B3:B6), =Count(A3:C5), =A3*B3+1. Columns are letters and rows are numbers, as in a spreadsheet. A formula that cannot be calculated shows ####.

See also

TABLEDIT · TABLECELL · TABLESTYLE · TABLEEXPORT · Tables

TABLECELL — Table Cell

Changes the selected cells of a table.

Changes the selected cells of a table: inserts or deletes rows and columns, merges or unmerges cells, and changes the alignment, height and color of the text, the fill and the contents.

Selecting cells

With no command running, click inside a cell to select it; Shift+click or dragging from one cell to another extends the range. The Table Cell palette appears; its buttons run TABLECELL:

Command line usage

  1. Enter TABLECELL (or CELLS). If no cells are selected, click one.
Select a table cell:
  1. Choose the option. Each change ends the command and is undone separately.
Cells … [EDit/Text/ABove/BElow/LEft/RIght/DeleteRow/DeleteColumn/Merge/Unmerge/ALign/Height/COlor/Fill/RAnge] <Exit>:

Options

Notes

See also

TABLE · TABLEDIT · TABLESTYLE · Tables

TABLEDIT — Edit Table Cell

Edits the text of a table cell.

Edits the text of table cells with the text editor, moving from one cell to another with the keyboard.

Usage

  1. Enter TABLEDIT (or EDITTABLE), or double-click a cell. If a cell was already selected, that one is edited.
  2. Select the cell with a click.
Select a table cell:
  1. Type in the editor. Tab moves to the next cell and Shift+Tab to the previous one; with a single line of text, the Up and Down arrows move to the row above or below. OK saves and finishes.
  2. You can also type on the command line: each line is the contents of a cell and moves to the next one; Enter on an empty line finishes.
Cell …: type the contents (Enter ends):

Notes

See also

TABLE · TABLECELL · MTEXT · Tables

TABLEEXPORT — Export Table

Saves the cells of a table to a CSV file.

Saves the contents of a table to a CSV file, to open it in a spreadsheet. Formulas are exported with their value.

Usage

  1. Enter TABLEEXPORT (or EXPORTTABLE) or click Export Table on the ribbon. If cells or a table are selected, that table is exported.
  2. Select the table.
Select a table:
  1. Type the path of the file. If it has no extension, .csv is added.
CSV file:

Notes

See also

TABLE · ATTEXT · Tables

TABLESTYLE — Table Style

Creates and modifies table styles.

Manages table styles: creates, modifies and deletes styles, and sets the current one. The style sets the cell margins and, for the data, header and title rows, the text, color, fill and alignment.

Usage

  1. Enter TABLESTYLE (or TS) or click Table Style on the ribbon. The Table Style dialog box opens.
  2. Choose a style in the list (styles used by tables show "(in use)"). Double-click makes it current.
  3. Click one of the buttons; Close finishes.

Buttons

Modify Table Style

Click OK: the tables that use the style are redrawn.

Command line

Table style (new N, current N, height N data 3, color N title 1…) <Close>:

new N [base], current N, delete N and, for the data, header or title row of style N: height N data 3.5, color N title 1, fill N header 8 (or none), align N data MC. margin N 1.5 changes the margins. The Spanish words (nuevo, actual, altura, datos…) are also accepted.

Notes

See also

TABLE · TABLECELL · STYLE · Tables

TEXT — Single Line Text

Creates a single line of text.

Creates single-line text. Each line you type is a separate text object; after Enter, the next line starts below, as in a word processor. For a formatted paragraph, use MTEXT.

Usage

  1. Enter TEXT (or DT) or click Single Line Text on the ribbon.
  2. Specify the start point (the text baseline) or choose an option.
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:
  1. If the text style has no fixed height, enter the height (a number or a second point).
Specify height <…>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle (a number in degrees or a point).
Specify rotation angle of text <…>:
  1. Type the text and press Enter. The line is created and the next one is requested, below the previous one.
Enter text:
  1. Press Enter on an empty line to finish.

Options

Enter an option [Left/Center/Right/Middle/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR]:
Enter style name or [?] <…>:

Notes

See also

MTEXT · TEXTEDIT · STYLE · Text and styles

TEXTEDIT — Edit Text

Edits the contents and format of a text object.

Changes the contents and formatting of an existing text, single-line or multiline, in the text editor.

Usage

  1. Enter TEXTEDIT (or ED, DDEDIT), or double-click the text. If a text was already selected, that one is edited.
  2. Select the text.
Select an annotation object:
  1. The Text Editor opens with the contents. Change them and click OK (or Cancel to leave the text as it was).

Notes

See also

TEXT · MTEXT · Text and styles

TOLERANCE — Tolerance

Creates a geometric tolerance feature control frame.

Creates a geometric tolerance feature control frame: a row of compartments with the geometric characteristic symbol, the tolerance value and the datum references, as used in mechanical drawings.

Usage

  1. Enter TOLERANCE (or TOL). The Geometric Tolerance dialog box opens.
  2. Fill in the frame and click OK, or type it on the command line.
Use the dialog or type the frame (symbol tolerance datums; e.g. j %%c0.05M A B):
  1. Specify where the frame goes.
Enter tolerance location:

The dialog box

Typing the frame

Type the symbol, the tolerance and the datums separated by spaces: j %%c0.05M A B is a position tolerance of diameter 0.05 at maximum material condition, referred to A and B. The tolerance accepts %%c or Ø before it and M, L or S after it.

LetterCharacteristicLetterCharacteristic
jPositiongCylindricity
rConcentricitycFlatness
iSymmetryeCircularity
fParallelismuStraightness
bPerpendicularitydProfile of a surface
aAngularitykProfile of a line
hCircular runouttTotal runout

Notes

See also

DIMLINEAR · DIMSTYLE · Dimensions

UPDATEFIELD — Update Fields

Updates the fields of the selected objects.

Evaluates the fields of the selected objects again, so that they show their current value: today's date, the new length of a line that was stretched, the file name after saving it under another name...

Usage

  1. Enter UPDATEFIELD (or UPDFIELD).
  2. Select the texts, multiline texts or block references with attributes that hold fields and press Enter. Type ALL to update those of the whole drawing.
Select objects:
  1. The number of updated fields is reported.

Notes

See also

FIELD · FIELDDISPLAY · Text and styles

Insert: Blocks, References, Images and Geolocation

-BEDIT — Block Editor (command line)

Opens the Block Editor asking for the block name at the command line.

Opens the Block Editor asking for the block name on the command line, without a dialog box. This is the BEDIT used in scripts.

Usage

  1. Enter -BEDIT (or -BE).
  2. Enter the block name (it may contain spaces), or ? to see the list of blocks that can be edited.
Enter block name or [?]:
  1. Edit the block and finish with BSAVE and BCLOSE.

Notes

See also

BEDIT · BSAVE · BCLOSE · SCRIPT · Blocks and attributes

-IMAGE — Image (command line)

Lists, detaches, reloads, unloads or changes the path of the images of the drawing.

Manages on the command line the images attached to the drawing: lists, detaches, changes the path of, reloads or unloads them. Images are given by the name of their definition (usually the file name).

Usage

  1. Enter -IMAGE.
  2. Choose the option.
Enter image option [?/Detach/Path/Reload/Unload/Attach] <Attach>:
  1. Enter the image names separated by commas, or * (or Enter) for all of them.
Enter images (names separated by commas, or * for all) <*>:
  1. With Path, enter the new path or ~ to choose it in a dialog box.
Enter the new file path (~ to choose it):

Options

Notes

See also

IMAGEATTACH · XREF · IMAGECLIP · Raster images

-INSERT — Insert (command line)

Inserts a block or a drawing asking at the command line.

Inserts a block or a drawing asking everything on the command line, without opening the Blocks palette. This is the INSERT used in scripts.

Usage

  1. Enter -INSERT (or -I).
  2. Enter the block name. You can also enter the path of a DWG or DXF file (C:\drawings\door.dwg), name=path to give it another name, ~ to choose the file in a dialog box or ? to list the blocks.
Enter block name or [?]:
  1. Specify the insertion point. The block follows the cursor.
Specify insertion point or [Scale/Rotate]:
  1. Enter the scale factor or specify a point: its distance to the insertion point is the scale.
Specify scale factor <1>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle in degrees or specify a point in the desired direction.
Specify rotation angle <0>:
  1. If the block has attributes, enter the value of each one; Enter keeps the default value.

Options

Notes

See also

INSERT · BLOCK · WBLOCK · SCRIPT · Blocks and attributes

-PDFATTACH — Attach PDF (command line)

Attaches a page of a PDF file as an underlay, without dialog boxes.

Attaches a page of a PDF as an underlay answering everything on the command line, for scripts and AutoLISP. It does the same as PDFATTACH with the same prompts.

Usage

  1. Enter -PDFATTACH.
  2. Enter the PDF path (in quotes if it has spaces). Enter or ~ open the file dialog.
Enter path to PDF file to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:
  1. Enter the page number; ? lists them.
Enter page number or [?] <1>:
  1. Specify the insertion point (the lower-left corner of the page).
Specify insertion point:
  1. Enter the scale.
Specify scale factor <1>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle.
Specify rotation <0>:

Example

In a script, -PDFATTACH followed by C:\plans\floor.pdf, 2, 0,0, 1 and 0 attaches page 2 at the origin, at scale 1 and without rotation.

Notes

See also

PDFATTACH · -XREF · XREF · External references

-XREF — External References (command line)

Lists, binds, detaches, unloads, reloads or changes the path of the external references.

Manages external references from the command line: lists them, binds them to the drawing, detaches, unloads or reloads them, changes their path or attaches another one. It does the same as the buttons of the XREF window, and it can be used in scripts and AutoLISP.

Usage

  1. Enter -XREF (or -XR).
  2. Choose an option; Enter attaches another reference, like XATTACH.
Enter an option [?/Bind/Detach/Path/pathType/Unload/Reload/Overlay/Attach] <Attach>:
  1. Enter the names of the references. Wildcards are accepted: * all of them, ? one character, and several names separated by commas.
Enter xref name(s) <*>:

Options

Enter xref(s) to list <*>:
Xref name: …. Enter new path or <Browse>:
Path type [Full/Relative/No path] <Relative>:

Notes

See also

XREF · XATTACH · XCLIP · PDFATTACH · External references

ADCENTER — DesignCenter

Browses other drawings and copies their blocks, layers, linetypes, styles and layouts.

Opens the DesignCenter window, which browses other drawings and copies their blocks, layers, linetypes, text styles, dimension styles and layouts into the current one. Enter the command again to close it.

Usage

  1. Enter ADCENTER (or ADC, DC) or click the button.
  2. In the tree on the left, choose a drawing under Open Drawings or in a library folder. Add Folder… adds another folder to the tree (and to the Libraries tab of INSERT).
  3. Choose the category at the top right; each one shows how many entries the drawing has.
  4. Choose an entry and click a button:

Notes

See also

INSERT · TOOLPALETTES · LAYER · Blocks and attributes

ATTDEF — Define Attributes

Creates an attribute definition for a block.

Creates an attribute definition: a variable text that, once included in a block, asks for its value each time the block is inserted (a drawing number, a reference, a manufacturer...). It is shown with its tag until it is included in a block with BLOCK.

Usage

  1. Enter ATTDEF (or ATT) or click the button.
  2. Change the modes you need by entering their option (each time it toggles between Y and N) and press Enter when done.
Attribute modes -- Invisible:… Constant:… Verify:… Preset:…. Enter an option to change [Invisible/Constant/Verify/Preset] <done>:
  1. Enter the tag: a single word without spaces, converted to uppercase.
Enter attribute tag name:
  1. Enter the prompt, the text shown when the block is inserted (not asked if the attribute is constant).
Enter attribute prompt:
  1. Enter the default value (or the fixed value, if it is constant).
Enter default attribute value:
  1. Specify the start point of the text, its height and its rotation angle.
Specify start point of text:

Options

Notes

See also

BLOCK · BATTMAN · ATTEDIT · ATTEXT · Blocks and attributes

ATTEDIT — Edit Attributes

Changes the attribute values of a block.

Changes on the command line the values of the attributes of an inserted block.

Usage

  1. Enter ATTEDIT (or ATE). Double-clicking a block with attributes also starts it.
  2. Select the block. If it was already selected, that one is used.
Select a block with attributes:
  1. For each attribute, in order, enter the new value or press Enter to keep the current one.
Enter new value for … <…>:

The changes are applied when the last attribute is answered.

Notes

See also

EATTEDIT · BATTMAN · ATTDEF · Blocks and attributes

ATTEXT — Extract Attributes

Extracts block attributes to a CSV file or a table.

Extracts the attribute values of blocks to a table in the drawing or to a CSV file that opens in a spreadsheet. It is useful for door, device or luminaire schedules.

Usage

  1. Enter ATTEXT (or DATAEXTRACTION, DX) or click the button.
  2. Select the blocks and press Enter, or press Enter without selecting to take all those in model space.
Select blocks or [ALL] <ALL>:
  1. Choose the output.
Output [Table/File] <Table>:
  1. With Table, specify the upper-left corner of the table.
Upper-left corner of the table:
  1. With File, enter the file path.
CSV file:

Options

Notes

See also

ATTDEF · BATTMAN · TABLE · Blocks and attributes

ATTSYNC — Synchronize Attributes

Updates the attributes of a block's inserts to match its definition.

Updates the attributes of every insert of a block from its current definition: after changing a block's attribute definitions (with BEDIT or BLOCK), the existing inserts are brought up to date.

Usage

  1. Enter ATTSYNC or click the button.
  2. Select an insert of the block or enter its name.
Select a block or type its name:

The number of updated inserts is shown.

Notes

See also

BATTMAN · ATTDEF · BEDIT · Blocks and attributes

BATTMAN — Block Attribute Manager

Changes the order, prompt, default value and modes of a block's attributes.

Opens the Block Attribute Manager: it changes the attribute definitions of a block (their order, prompt, default value and modes) and applies the changes to all its inserts.

Usage

  1. Enter BATTMAN or click the button. If a block with attributes is selected, it opens with that block; otherwise, with the first one in the drawing.
  2. Choose another block in Block: if needed. Below it you can see how many inserts it has.
  3. Change in the table the Prompt, the Default and the Modes: I (Invisible), C (Constant), V (Verify) and P (Preset).
  4. Click a tag to choose its row and use Move Up, Move Down or Remove.
  5. Click Synchronize to apply the changes without closing, or OK to apply them and close.

Notes

See also

ATTDEF · ATTSYNC · EATTEDIT · BEDIT · Blocks and attributes

BCLOSE — Close Block Editor

Closes the Block Editor and returns to the drawing.

Closes the Block Editor and returns to the drawing. It can also be closed with the button on the editor's bottom bar.

Usage

  1. In the Block Editor (BEDIT), enter BCLOSE or click the button.
  2. If there are unsaved changes, choose whether to save them:
Save changes to "…"?

Notes

See also

BSAVE · BSAVEAS · BEDIT · Blocks and attributes

BEDIT — Block Editor

Opens a block definition in the Block Editor.

Opens a block definition in the Block Editor. Its contents are edited as if they were a drawing, with every command, object snap and grip; when it is saved, every insert of the block is updated.

Usage

  1. Enter BEDIT (or BE) or click the button. Double-clicking a block without attributes also opens it.
  2. In the Edit Block Definition dialog box, choose the block in the list (its preview and description are shown) and click OK. If a block was selected, it is already chosen.
  3. Edit the block. The background changes color, the bottom bar shows "Block Editor: …" and the ribbon switches to the Block Editor tab.
  4. Save with BSAVE or BSAVEAS and leave with BCLOSE.

Notes

See also

-BEDIT · BSAVE · BCLOSE · BLOCK · Blocks and attributes

BLOCK — Create Block

Groups objects into a reusable block.

Creates a block definition from the selected objects: a named group of objects with a base point that can be inserted as many times as needed with INSERT. If the objects include attribute definitions (ATTDEF), the block asks for their values when it is inserted.

Usage

  1. Enter BLOCK (or B) or click the button. Objects already selected are used as a starting point.
  2. Enter the block name. Enter ? to list the blocks in the drawing.
Enter block name or [?]:
  1. If a block with that name already exists, confirm whether to redefine it.
Block "…" already exists. Redefine it? [Yes/No] <No>:
  1. Specify the base point: the point the block is held by when it is inserted.
Specify insertion base point:
  1. Select the objects and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. Choose what to do with the original objects.
What to do with the objects? [Retain/Convert to block/Delete] <Convert to block>:

Options

Notes

See also

INSERT · ATTDEF · WBLOCK · BEDIT · Blocks and attributes

BSAVE — Save Block

Saves the definition of the block being edited.

Saves the definition of the block being edited in the Block Editor. Every insert of the block is redrawn with the new contents, including those nested in other blocks and those of a dynamic block.

Usage

  1. In the Block Editor (BEDIT), enter BSAVE or click the button on the Block Editor tab.
  2. If the block's attributes have changed and it has inserts, you are asked whether to synchronize them:
The attributes of "…" changed. Synchronize its … references (ATTSYNC)?

The editor stays open; you can keep editing and save again.

Notes

See also

BSAVEAS · BCLOSE · BEDIT · ATTSYNC · Blocks and attributes

BSAVEAS — Save Block As

Saves the edits as a new block and leaves the original unchanged.

Saves what was edited in the Block Editor as a new block, with another name and the same base point. The original block stays as it was before editing.

Usage

  1. In the Block Editor (BEDIT), enter BSAVEAS or click the button.
  2. Enter the name of the new block; it must not already exist in the drawing.
Enter new block name:

The editor stays open, now with the new block.

Notes

See also

BSAVE · BCLOSE · BEDIT · BLOCK · Blocks and attributes

EATTEDIT — Enhanced Attribute Editor

Edits the attributes of the selected block in a window.

Edits in a window, Enhanced Attribute Editor, the attribute values of an inserted block: one row per attribute, with its tag and its value.

Usage

  1. Select a block with attributes.
  2. Enter EATTEDIT or click the button. The window opens with its attributes.
  3. Change the values you want and click OK; Cancel closes without changes.

Notes

See also

ATTEDIT · BATTMAN · ATTSYNC · Blocks and attributes

GEOCOORD — Geographic Coordinates

Shows a point in another coordinate system.

Shows the coordinates of a point of the drawing in another coordinate system: by default, its latitude and longitude in WGS84. It works like ID, but for geographic coordinates.

Usage

  1. Enter GEOCOORD or click the button.
  2. Specify the point (with an object snap or by typing its coordinates).
Specify point or [System] <EPSG:…>:

The command line shows the point's coordinates in the drawing's system and in the target system.

Options

EPSG code of the target system <…>:

Notes

See also

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION · ID · MAPEXPORT · Georeferencing

GEOGRAPHICLOCATION — Geographic Location

Assigns a coordinate system (EPSG code) to the drawing.

Assigns a coordinate system to the drawing, for example ETRS89 / UTM 30N. With it, the drawing knows which point on Earth each coordinate corresponds to: the status bar shows the cursor's latitude and longitude, and GEOIMAGE, MAPIMPORT, MAPEXPORT and GEOCOORD can reproject.

Usage

  1. Enter GEOGRAPHICLOCATION (or GEO) or click the button. The Geographic Location dialog box opens and, at the same time, the command line asks.
  2. Choose the system in the dialog box and click OK, or enter its code on the command line: the EPSG code (25830, 4326) or the AutoCAD code (ETRS89.UTM-30N).
Enter EPSG code of the coordinate system or [Remove/List] <…>:

Options

Notes

See also

GEOCOORD · GEOIMAGE · MAPIMPORT · MAPEXPORT · Georeferencing

GEOIMAGE — Insert Georeferenced Image

Inserts an image at its real coordinates, from its world file or its GeoTIFF tags.

Inserts a georeferenced image (an orthophoto, a scanned map) directly at its real coordinates, with its scale and rotation, without specifying any point.

Usage

  1. Enter GEOIMAGE or click the button.
  2. Enter the image path, or press Enter to choose it in a dialog box.
Enter image file name to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:

The image is placed and the command shows where the georeference came from and the image's coordinate system.

Notes

See also

GEOREFIMAGE · GEOGRAPHICLOCATION · IMAGEATTACH · Georeferencing

GEOREFIMAGE — Georeference Image

Moves an image into place with 2 or 3 control points.

Moves an image that is already inserted to its place using two or three control points: for each one, a recognizable point on the image (a corner, a crossing) and the real position it corresponds to in the drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter GEOREFIMAGE or click the button.
  2. Select the image.
Select the image to georeference:
  1. Specify a point on the image.
Specify source point … (on the image):
  1. Specify its real position (with an object snap or by typing its coordinates).
Specify destination point … (real position):
  1. Repeat for the second point. Then specify a third one or press Enter to finish with two.
Specify source point … (on the image) or <finish>:

The image is moved, rotated and scaled, and the applied scale and rotation are shown.

Notes

See also

GEOIMAGE · IMAGEATTACH · ALIGN · Georeferencing

IMAGEADJUST — Image Adjust

Changes the brightness, contrast and fade of images.

Changes the brightness, contrast and fade of one or more raster images, for example to lighten an orthophoto so that what is drawn on top reads well.

Usage

  1. Enter IMAGEADJUST (or IAD) or click the button.
  2. Select the images and press Enter (anything that is not an image is ignored).
Select images:
  1. Choose what to adjust. The current value is shown.
Enter image option [Contrast/Fade/Brightness] <Brightness>:
  1. Enter the value, from 0 to 100 (Enter keeps the current one).
Enter … value (0-100):

Options

Notes

See also

TRANSPARENCY · IMAGECLIP · IMAGEATTACH · Raster images

IMAGEATTACH — Attach Image

Attaches a raster image (PNG, JPEG, BMP, TIFF, GIF or WebP) to the drawing.

Attaches a raster image (PNG, JPEG, BMP, TIFF, GIF or WebP) to the drawing: a scanned drawing, a photo or an orthophoto. The image is not copied into the drawing: its path is saved and the file is read when the drawing opens.

Usage

  1. Enter IMAGEATTACH (or IAT) or click the button.
  2. Enter the image path, or press Enter to choose it in a dialog box. Its size at scale 1 is shown.
Enter image file name to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:
  1. Specify the lower-left corner of the image (Enter: the origin).
Specify insertion point or [Path] <0,0>:
  1. Enter the scale or specify a point: its distance to the insertion point is the width of the image.
Specify scale factor <1>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle or specify a point in that direction.
Specify rotation angle <0>:

Options

Path type [Relative/Full] <Relative>:

Notes

See also

-IMAGE · IMAGECLIP · IMAGEADJUST · GEOIMAGE · Raster images

IMAGECLIP — Image Clip

Shows only part of an image, inside or outside a boundary.

Shows only part of a raster image: what lies inside a rectangular or polygonal boundary or, with the boundary inverted, what lies outside. The image itself does not change: the boundary can be turned off or removed later.

Usage

  1. Enter IMAGECLIP (or ICL) or click the button.
  2. Select the image.
Select image to clip:
  1. Choose the option; Enter creates a new boundary.
Enter image clipping option [ON/OFF/Delete/New boundary] <New>:
  1. Choose the boundary type.
Outside mode: objects outside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:
  1. For a rectangular one, specify two opposite corners.
Specify first corner point:
  1. For a polygonal one, specify the vertices and press Enter (or choose Close) once there are at least three.
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:

Options

Inside mode: objects inside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:

Notes

See also

IMAGEATTACH · IMAGEADJUST · -IMAGE · Raster images

INSERT — Insert

Inserts a block or a drawing.

Inserts a block or a whole drawing. It opens the Blocks palette, with thumbnails of the blocks in the drawing, the most recently inserted ones and those in the library folders. Click a thumbnail (or drag it onto the drawing) and the block hangs from the cursor so you can place it.

Usage

  1. Enter INSERT (or I) or click the button: the palette opens (or closes).
  2. Choose the tab and, if needed, type part of the name in Search.
  3. Click a block. If it comes from another file, its definition is copied into the drawing first.
  4. Specify on screen whatever is missing, according to the palette's insertion options.
Specify insertion point or [Scale/Rotate]:
  1. If the block has attributes, enter their values (Enter keeps the default value).

Tabs

Insertion options

Notes

See also

-INSERT · BLOCK · ADCENTER · TOOLPALETTES · Blocks and attributes

MAPEXPORT — GIS Export

Exports the selection to SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON.

Exports the selected objects to a GIS format: SHP, KML or KMZ (for Google Earth) or GeoJSON.

Usage

  1. Enter MAPEXPORT or click the button.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter. Objects already selected are used.
Select objects:
  1. Choose the file in the dialog box or enter its path. The format comes from the extension.
Output file (.shp, .kml, .kmz or .geojson):

When it finishes, the files written are listed.

Notes

See also

MAPIMPORT · GEOGRAPHICLOCATION · GEOCOORD · Georeferencing

MAPIMPORT — GIS Import

Imports SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON with their attributes.

Imports GIS data (SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON files) as drawing objects, in the drawing's coordinates and with their attributes.

Usage

  1. Enter MAPIMPORT (or SHP2CAD) or click the button. The Import SHP, KML or GeoJSON dialog box opens and, at the same time, the command line asks.
  2. Choose the file with Browse… or enter its path. The number of features and fields is shown.
SHP, KML, KMZ or GeoJSON file:
  1. Optionally, choose the field whose value gives the layer name of each feature.
Field for the layer (…) or [None] <None>:
  1. Optionally, choose a block of the drawing for the points; otherwise each point is a point object.
Block name for the points <point object>:
  1. In the dialog box, check the File coordinate system and click OK.

Notes

See also

MAPEXPORT · GEOGRAPHICLOCATION · GEOIMAGE · Georeferencing

PDFADJUST — Adjust PDF

Changes the fade, contrast or monochrome mode of PDF underlays.

Changes how PDF underlays look: more or less faded, with more or less contrast, or in monochrome. A faded underlay makes what you draw on top of it easier to see.

Usage

  1. Enter PDFADJUST or click the button.
  2. Select one or more PDF underlays and press Enter.
Select PDF underlays:
  1. Choose what to adjust; Enter, the fade.
Enter underlay option [Fade/Contrast/Monochrome] <Fade>:
  1. Enter the new value.

Options

Enter fade value (0-80) <25>:
Enter contrast value (0-100) <20>:
Monochrome? [Yes/No] <No>:

Notes

See also

PDFATTACH · PDFCLIP · PDFLAYERS · IMAGEADJUST · External references

PDFATTACH — Attach PDF

Attaches a page of a PDF file as an underlay.

Attaches a page of a PDF file as an underlay: a plan received as a PDF that serves as a background to draw on. The PDF is not copied into the drawing: its path is saved and the file is read again when the drawing is opened.

Usage

  1. Enter PDFATTACH (or PDFA), or click Attach PDF… in the XREF window.
  2. Enter the PDF path, or press Enter to choose it in a file dialog.
Enter path to PDF file to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:
  1. Enter the page number; Enter, the first one. ? lists the pages with their size in points.
Enter page number or [?] <1>:
  1. Specify the insertion point, which is the lower-left corner of the page (Enter: the origin).
Specify insertion point:
  1. Enter the scale, or specify a point: the distance to the insertion point is the width of the page.
Specify scale factor <1>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle, or specify a point in that direction.
Specify rotation <0>:

Notes

See also

-PDFATTACH · XREF · IMAGEATTACH · External references

PDFCLIP — PDF Clip

Shows only part of a PDF underlay, inside or outside a boundary.

Shows only part of a PDF underlay: what lies inside a rectangular or polygonal boundary or, with the boundary inverted, what lies outside it. The PDF does not change: the boundary can be turned off or removed later.

Usage

  1. Enter PDFCLIP or click the button.
  2. Select the PDF underlay.
Select PDF underlay to clip:
  1. Choose the option; Enter creates a new boundary, which replaces any existing one.
Enter PDF clipping option [ON/OFF/Delete/New boundary] <New>:
  1. Choose the boundary type; Enter, rectangular.
Outside mode: objects outside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:
  1. For a rectangular one, specify two opposite corners.
Specify first corner point:
  1. For a polygonal one, specify the vertices and press Enter (or choose Close) when there are at least three.
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:

Options

Inside mode: objects inside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:

Notes

See also

PDFATTACH · PDFADJUST · PDFLAYERS · External references

PDFLAYERS — PDF Layers

Shows or hides the layers of a PDF underlay.

Shows or hides the layers of a PDF underlay. Many PDFs made with CAD programs keep the layers of the original drawing (in the PDF they are called optional content groups): with this command you can turn off, for example, the dimensions or the furniture of a plan received as a PDF.

Usage

  1. Enter PDFLAYERS or click the button.
  2. Select the PDF underlay.
Select PDF underlay:
  1. Choose the option; Enter or ? lists the PDF layers with their state.
Enter an option [?/ON/OFF] <?>:
  1. With ON or OFF, enter the layer names. Wildcards are accepted (* all, ? one character), as well as several names separated by commas.
Enter PDF layer name(s) <*>:

Options

Notes

See also

PDFATTACH · PDFADJUST · PDFCLIP · LAYER · External references

RESETBLOCK — Reset Block

Restores the selected dynamic blocks to the values of their definition.

Returns the selected dynamic blocks to the values of their definition: they lose the changes made to their custom properties (visibility state, flip, distances, angles, lookup values...).

Usage

  1. Enter RESETBLOCK (or RSB) or click the button. Objects already selected are used.
  2. Select the blocks and press Enter.
Select objects:

Notes

See also

BEDIT · PROPERTIES · INSERT · Blocks and attributes

TOOLPALETTES — Tool Palettes

Palettes with blocks ready to insert with their scale, rotation and layer.

Opens the Tool Palettes window: palettes with blocks ready to insert, each one with its own scale, rotation and layer. Enter the command again to close it.

Usage

  1. Enter TOOLPALETTES (or TP) or click the button. The first time, one palette is created for each drawing in the installed library, with all its blocks.
  2. Choose the palette in the tabs at the top.
  3. Click a tool and specify the insertion point; the scale, rotation and layer are those of the tool.
Specify insertion point or [Scale/Rotate]:

Organizing the palettes

Notes

See also

INSERT · ADCENTER · -INSERT · Blocks and attributes

TRANSPARENCY — Transparency

Turns the transparent pixels of images on or off.

Turns transparency of raster images on or off: with it, the transparent pixels of the file (for example, the background of a PNG) let the objects underneath show through.

Usage

  1. Enter TRANSPARENCY or click the button.
  2. Select the images and press Enter.
Select images:
  1. Choose the mode.
Enter transparency mode [ON/OFF] <OFF>:

Options

Notes

See also

IMAGEADJUST · IMAGEATTACH · IMAGECLIP · Raster images

WBLOCK — Write Block

Writes a block to a DWG or DXF drawing file.

Saves a block of the drawing as a new DWG or DXF drawing, to use it in other drawings or in a library folder.

Usage

  1. Enter WBLOCK (or W) or click the button.
  2. Enter the path of the new file. If it has no .dwg or .dxf extension, .dwg is added.
New file name (.dwg or .dxf):
  1. Enter the block name, or = if it has the same name as the file.
Enter name of existing block or [=] (block=output file):

Notes

See also

BLOCK · INSERT · ADCENTER · Blocks and attributes

XATTACH — Attach DWG

Attaches a DWG or DXF drawing as an external reference.

Attaches another DWG or DXF drawing as an external reference: it is shown in place inside the current drawing, but it is not copied. The drawing only stores the file path and reads the file again each time it is opened.

Usage

  1. Enter XATTACH (or XA), or click Attach DWG… in the XREF window.
  2. Enter the file path, or press Enter to choose it in a file dialog.
Enter name of file to attach or [Browse] <Browse>:
  1. Specify the insertion point (Enter: the origin).
Specify insertion point or [Overlay/pathType]:
  1. Enter the X scale; Enter keeps 1.
Enter X scale factor <1>:
  1. Enter the Y scale; Enter uses the same as X.
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor>:
  1. Enter the rotation angle, or specify a point in that direction.
Specify rotation angle <0>:

Options

Specify insertion point or [Attach/pathType]:
Path type [Full/Relative/No path] <Relative>:

Notes

See also

XREF · -XREF · XCLIP · INSERT · External references

XCLIP — Clip

Shows only part of an external reference or a block, inside or outside a boundary.

Shows only part of an external reference or a block: what lies inside a boundary or, with the boundary inverted, what lies outside it. The reference itself does not change: the boundary can be turned off or removed later.

Usage

  1. Enter XCLIP (or XC) or click the button.
  2. Select the external references or blocks and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. Choose the option; Enter creates a new boundary.
Enter clipping option [ON/OFF/Clipdepth/Delete/Polyline/New boundary] <New>:
  1. If any of them was already clipped, confirm that its boundary is replaced.
Delete old boundary(s)? [Yes/No] <Yes>:
  1. Choose the boundary type; Enter, rectangular.
Outside mode: objects outside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Select polyline/Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:
  1. For a rectangular one, specify two opposite corners; for a polygonal one, the vertices and Enter (or Close) when there are at least three.
Specify first corner point:

Options

Select polyline:
Inside mode: objects inside the boundary will be hidden. Specify clipping boundary [Select polyline/Polygonal/Rectangular/Invert clip] <Rectangular>:

Notes

See also

XATTACH · XREF · INSERT · External references

XREF — External References

Lists the external references of the drawing.

Opens (or closes) the External References palette: all the external references of the drawing (DWG or DXF drawings, PDF underlays and raster images) with their status, and the buttons to attach, reload, unload, detach, bind or change the path of each one.

Usage

  1. Enter XREF (or XR) or click the button.
  2. At the top, Attach DWG… opens XATTACH, Attach PDF… opens PDFATTACH and Reload All References reads all of them again from disk.
  3. Below, the tree of DWG references: each one with its nested references hanging from it, and the columns Reference Name, Status, Type (Attach or Overlay), Size, Date, Saved Path and Found At (the file that was read).
  4. The buttons of each row: Reload, Unload, Detach, Bind and Change Path…. Nested references are managed from the one that contains them.
  5. Further down, PDF Underlays (with their page) and Raster images, with their own buttons.

Reference status

Notes

See also

XATTACH · -XREF · XCLIP · PDFATTACH · IMAGEATTACH · External references

Layers

-LAYER — Layers (command line)

Manages layers from the command line.

Manages layers from the command line, without windows: useful in scripts and in LISP. It does the same as the LAYER: create layers, set the current one, rename them and change their properties.

Usage

  1. Enter -LAYER (or -LA).
Enter an option [?/Make/Set/New/Rename/ON/OFF/Color/Ltype/LWeight/TRansparency/Plot/Freeze/Thaw/LOck/Unlock/stAte/Description]:
  1. Choose an option. Options that change a property ask for the value first and then for the layers:
Enter name list of layer(s) (wildcards allowed) <…>:
  1. After each option the first prompt comes back. Press Enter to finish.

Layer lists accept several names separated by commas and wildcards (*, ?, #, @, ~). Pressing Enter without typing anything applies the option to the current layer.

Options

Enter name list for new layer(s) (comma-separated):
Enter color (number from 1 to 255, standard name or R,G,B):
Enter transparency value (0-90):
Enter a layer state option [?/Save/Restore/Delete]:

Save saves the current setup under a name, Restore brings it back, Delete deletes it and ? lists the saved states.

Notes

See also

LAYER · LAYERSTATE · SCRIPT · Layers

LAYDEL — Delete

Deletes some layers with all their objects.

Deletes layers together with all their objects. Unlike the Delete Layer button of the LAYER, which only deletes empty layers, this command first erases whatever is on them.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYDEL or click Delete on the ribbon.
Select object on layer to delete or [Name]:
  1. Select objects on the layers to delete; the command line shows the chosen layers. Press Enter.
  2. Confirm. The default answer is No.
… objects and layers … will be deleted. Do you wish to continue? [Yes/No] <No>:

Options

Enter names of the layers to delete:

Notes

See also

LAYMRG · PURGE · LAYER · Layers

LAYER — Layers

Opens the Layer Properties Manager.

Opens and closes the Layer Properties Manager, a palette that lists every layer of the drawing in a table. From it you create, delete and rename layers, set the current layer and change layer properties. To do the same from the command line (scripts, LISP), use -LAYER.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYER (or LA) or click Layers on the ribbon. Run it again to close the window.
  2. Click a row to select that layer; Ctrl+click adds or removes rows and Shift+click selects a range.
  3. Click the icons or drop-down lists of the row. If the row is one of the selected ones, the change applies to all selected layers.

Columns

Click a column heading to sort by it; another click reverses the order.

Buttons and filters

Notes

See also

-LAYER · LAYERSTATE · LAYERP · LAYMCUR · LAYISO · Layers

LAYERP — Previous

Undoes the last change to layer settings.

Undoes the last change to layer settings: the layers return to how they were before (on, frozen, locked, color, linetype, lineweight...). Objects are not touched: an object that was moved or put on another layer stays as it is.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYERP or click Previous on the ribbon.
  2. The layers return to their previous settings and the command line confirms it. Repeat to go further back.

Notes

See also

LAYER · LAYERSTATE · UNDO · Layers

LAYERSTATE — Layer States

Opens the Layer States Manager.

Opens the Layer States Manager. A layer state saves under a name how all layers are set (on, frozen, locked, color, linetype, lineweight...) so that you can return to that setup later. Layer states are saved in the drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYERSTATE (or LAS) or click Layer States… in the LAYER.
  2. To save the current setup, click New…, type the State name and, optionally, a Description, and click Save. A state with the same name is replaced.
  3. To return to a state, choose it in the list and click Restore (or double-click it).

Controls

Notes

See also

LAYER · -LAYER · LAYERP · Layers

LAYFRZ — Freeze

Freezes the layer of the selected object.

Freezes the layer of the objects you select. A frozen layer is neither displayed nor plotted, like a layer that is off, and it is also not regenerated, which makes large drawings lighter. The command keeps asking for objects until you press Enter.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYFRZ or click Freeze on the ribbon.
Select an object on the layer to be frozen:
  1. Select an object: its layer is frozen. Repeat with other objects.
  2. Press Enter to finish.

Notes

See also

LAYTHW · LAYOFF · LAYER · Layers

LAYISO — Isolate

Leaves only the layers of the selected objects visible.

Keeps only the layers of the selected objects visible: all other layers are turned off. Useful to work on one part of the drawing without the rest getting in the way. LAYUNISO returns the layers to how they were.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYISO or click Isolate on the ribbon.
Select objects on the layer(s) to be isolated:
  1. Select one or more objects and press Enter. Their layers stay on and all others are turned off.

Notes

See also

LAYUNISO · LAYOFF · ISOLATEOBJECTS · Layers

LAYLCK — Lock

Locks the layer of the selected object.

Locks the layer of the selected object. Its objects are still displayed, plotted and usable for object snaps, but they cannot be selected or modified. This is how you protect a base plan or a reference drawing while drawing on top of it.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYLCK or click Lock on the ribbon.
Select an object on the layer to be locked:
  1. Select an object. Its layer is locked and the command ends.

Notes

See also

LAYULK · LAYER · Layers

LAYMCH — Match Layer

Moves the selected objects to the layer of another object.

Moves the selected objects to the layer of another object (the destination layer). Use it to fix objects drawn on the wrong layer without having to look up the name of the right one.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYMCH or click Match Layer on the ribbon.
Select objects to be changed:
  1. Select the objects to change and press Enter.
Select object on target layer or [Name]:
  1. Select an object on the destination layer. The objects change layer and the command ends.

Options

Enter target layer name:

Notes

See also

MATCHPROP · LAYMCUR · LAYMRG · Layers

LAYMCUR — Make Current

Makes the layer of the selected object current.

Makes the layer of an object current: whatever you draw next goes on that layer. It is quicker than looking for the layer by name when an object on it is in view.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYMCUR or click Make Current on the ribbon.
Select object whose layer will become current:
  1. Select an object. Its layer becomes the current layer and the command ends.

Notes

See also

LAYMCH · LAYER · Layers

LAYMRG — Merge

Moves all the objects of some layers to another one and deletes the former.

Merges layers: moves all objects of some layers to another one (the destination layer) and deletes the first ones. Use it to clean up drawings with duplicated or badly named layers.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYMRG or click Merge on the ribbon.
Select object on layer to merge or [Name]:
  1. Select objects on the layers to merge; the command line shows the chosen layers. Press Enter.
Select object on target layer or [Name]:
  1. Select an object on the destination layer.
  2. Confirm. The default answer is No.
… objects will move to layer … and layers … will be deleted. Do you wish to continue? [Yes/No] <No>:

Options

Enter names of the layers to merge:

Notes

See also

LAYDEL · LAYMCH · PURGE · Layers

LAYOFF — Off

Turns off the layer of the selected object.

Turns off the layer of the objects you select: their objects are no longer displayed or plotted until the layer is turned on again. The command keeps asking for objects, so you can turn off several layers in a row.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYOFF or click Off on the ribbon.
Select an object on the layer to be turned off:
  1. Select an object: its layer is turned off. Repeat with other objects.
  2. Press Enter to finish.

Notes

See also

LAYON · LAYFRZ · LAYISO · LAYERP · Layers

LAYON — Turn All Layers On

Turns on all the layers.

Turns on all layers of the drawing at once. There are no prompts.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYON or click Turn All Layers On on the ribbon.

Notes

See also

LAYOFF · LAYTHW · LAYUNISO · Layers

LAYTHW — Thaw All Layers

Thaws all the layers.

Thaws all frozen layers of the drawing at once. There are no prompts.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYTHW or click Thaw All Layers on the ribbon.

Notes

See also

LAYFRZ · LAYON · Layers

LAYULK — Unlock

Unlocks the layer of the selected object.

Unlocks the layer of the selected object: its objects can be selected and modified again.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYULK or click Unlock on the ribbon.
Select an object on the layer to be unlocked:
  1. Select an object on the locked layer. The layer is unlocked and the command ends.

Notes

See also

LAYLCK · LAYER · Layers

LAYUNISO — Unisolate

Undoes the last LAYISO.

Undoes the last LAYISO: turns layers on and off as they were before they were isolated.

Usage

  1. Enter LAYUNISO or click Unisolate on the ribbon. There are no prompts.

Notes

See also

LAYISO · LAYON · LAYERP · Layers

Properties

COLOR — Color

Sets the color of new objects.

Sets the color of new objects. It opens the PROPERTIES palette with no selection, in the General (current drawing) section, where the Color list changes the current color of the drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter COLOR (or COL) or click Color on the ribbon.
  2. In the palette, open Color and choose:

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · LINETYPE · LWEIGHT · LAYER

LINETYPE — Linetype

Loads and sets linetypes.

Opens the Linetype Manager: loads linetypes into the drawing, sets the current one (used by new objects), deletes unused ones and sets the pattern scales.

Usage

  1. Enter LINETYPE (or LT) or click Linetype on the ribbon.
  2. Choose a linetype in the list and click Set Current so that new objects use it.
  3. To add linetypes, click Load..., check the ones you want and click OK.

Controls

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · COLOR · LWEIGHT · CELTYPE

LWEIGHT — Lineweight

Sets the lineweight of new objects.

Sets the lineweight of new objects. It opens the PROPERTIES palette with no selection, in the General (current drawing) section, where the Lineweight list changes the current lineweight of the drawing.

Usage

  1. Enter LWEIGHT (or LW) or click Lineweight on the ribbon.
  2. In the palette, open Lineweight and choose ByLayer (that of the layer), ByBlock, Default or one of the standard lineweights in millimeters.

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · COLOR · LINETYPE · LWDISPLAY

MATCHPROP — Match Properties

Copies the properties of one object to others.

Copies the general properties of one object (the source) to others: layer, color, linetype, linetype scale, lineweight and transparency. It is the quick way to make some objects look like another one that is already right.

Usage

  1. Enter MATCHPROP (or MA) or click Match Properties on the ribbon.
Select source object:
  1. Select the source object.
Select destination object(s):
  1. Select the destination objects; you can select several times.
  2. Press Enter: the destination objects take the properties of the source and the command ends.

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · LAYMCH · Editing

PROPERTIES — Properties

Displays and edits the properties of the selection.

Opens and closes the Properties palette, which shows the properties of the selected objects and lets you change them by typing or choosing from a list. With nothing selected, it shows the current properties of the drawing, the ones that new objects will take.

Usage

  1. Enter PROPERTIES (or PR), press Ctrl+1 or click Properties on the ribbon. Doing it again closes the palette.
  2. Select objects, before or with the palette open: the palette updates by itself.
  3. Change a value: in text boxes, type and press Enter (or leave the box); in drop-down lists, choose.

The palette

Notes

See also

MATCHPROP · COLOR · LINETYPE · LWEIGHT · LIST · Editing

View

-LAYOUT — Layout (command line)

Creates, copies, deletes, renames and sets layouts from the command line.

Command-line version of LAYOUT, with the same options.

Usage

Enter layout option [Copy/Delete/New/Template/Rename/SAveas/Set/?] <Set>:

See also

LAYOUT

-VPORTS — Viewports (command line)

In a layout, creates viewports like MVIEW.

In a layout, creates viewports like MVIEW.

Usage

Specify corner of viewport or [ON/OFF/Fit/Lock/Object/Polygonal/2/3/4] <Fit>:

HIDEOBJECTS — Hide Objects

Hides the selected objects.

Hides the selected objects until isolation ends. It is the opposite of ISOLATEOBJECTS: here you select what is in the way.

Usage

  1. Enter HIDEOBJECTS or choose Hide Objects on the ISOLATE button of the status bar.
  2. Select the objects you want to hide and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are hidden without asking.
Select objects:
  1. To see them again, use UNISOLATEOBJECTS or End Object Isolation on the same button.

Notes

See also

ISOLATEOBJECTS · UNISOLATEOBJECTS · LAYOFF · Layers

ISOLATEOBJECTS — Isolate Objects

Hides everything except the selected objects.

Leaves only the selected objects in view: everything else in the same space (model or layout) is hidden until isolation ends. It helps to work on a part of a busy drawing without changing layers.

Usage

  1. Enter ISOLATEOBJECTS or choose Isolate Objects on the ISOLATE button of the status bar.
  2. Select the objects you want to keep seeing and press Enter. If they were already selected before starting the command, they are isolated without asking.
Select objects:
  1. To see everything again, use UNISOLATEOBJECTS or End Object Isolation on the same button.

Notes

See also

HIDEOBJECTS · UNISOLATEOBJECTS · LAYISO · Layers

LAYOUT — Layout

Creates, copies, deletes, renames and sets layouts.

Creates, copies, deletes, renames and sets layouts, like AutoCAD's -LAYOUT. Each layout is stored as in AutoCAD: a LAYOUT object (with its page setup and tab order) and its *Paper_Space… block.

Usage

  1. Type LAYOUT.
Enter layout option [Copy/Delete/New/Template/Rename/SAveas/Set/?] <Set>:

Options

Notes

See also

MVIEW · PAGESETUP · PLOT

MSPACE — Model Space

Enters model space through a viewport.

In a layout, enters model space through a layout viewport: from then on you draw, edit and zoom in the model seen inside the viewport, not on the sheet.

Usage

  1. With a layout active, enter MSPACE (or MS) or click Model Space on the ribbon.
  2. The first viewport of the layout is entered. To go back to the sheet, use PSPACE.

Notes

See also

PSPACE · Layouts

MVIEW — Viewports

Creates layout viewports and turns them on, off or locks them.

Creates viewports in the current layout and turns them on, off or locks them. Each new viewport shows the model extents.

Usage

Specify corner of viewport or [ON/OFF/Fit/Lock/Object/Polygonal/2/3/4] <Fit>:

Options

Notes

See also

VPCLIP · VPMAX

PAN — Pan

Moves the view without changing the scale.

Will move the view of the drawing without changing the scale, by dragging with the mouse. As a command it is not available yet in this version.

Usage

Meanwhile, you can pan with the mouse at any time, also while another command is running:

  1. Press the middle mouse button (the wheel) and drag without releasing it: the view moves with the cursor.

Notes

See also

ZOOM · ZOOMEXTENTS · User interface

PLAN — Plan View

Displays an orthographic view of the XY plane of a UCS.

Shows the plan view of a UCS: it rotates the view so that the X axis of that UCS is horizontal on screen and does a zoom extents. With a UCS aligned with a rotated building, the building is shown straight.

Usage

  1. Enter PLAN or click the button.
  2. Choose which UCS; Enter, the current one.
Enter an option [Current ucs/Ucs/World] <Current>:

Options

Enter name of UCS to restore or [?]:

Notes

See also

UCS · UCSMAN · ZOOM · Coordinates and data entry

PSPACE — Paper Space

Returns to the paper space of the layout.

Leaves the layout viewport you are working in and returns to the paper space of the layout: you draw and edit on the sheet again.

Usage

  1. Inside a layout viewport, enter PSPACE (or PS) or click Paper Space on the ribbon.

Notes

See also

MSPACE · Layouts

REGEN — Regen

Recalculates the geometry on screen.

Recomputes the geometry displayed on screen (the segments that curves and texts are divided into) for the whole drawing, or for the space being shown (model or layout).

Usage

Enter REGEN or choose it in the View menu or on the ribbon (View › Navigate). The command line says "Regenerating drawing.".

Notes

See also

ZOOM · ZOOMEXTENTS · DRAWORDER · User interface

UNISOLATEOBJECTS — End Object Isolation

Shows the isolated or hidden objects again.

Ends object isolation: shows again every object hidden by ISOLATEOBJECTS and HIDEOBJECTS.

Usage

  1. Enter UNISOLATEOBJECTS or choose End Object Isolation on the ISOLATE button of the status bar.
  2. It asks nothing: every hidden object shows again and the status bar button goes off.

Notes

See also

ISOLATEOBJECTS · HIDEOBJECTS · LAYUNISO

VPCLIP — Clip Viewport

Clips a viewport with a closed object or a polygon.

Clips a viewport with a closed object or a polygon, or removes the clipping.

Usage

Select viewport to clip:
Select clipping object or [Polygonal/Delete] <Polygonal>:

See also

MVIEW

VPMAX — Maximize Viewport

Expands the current viewport to the whole drawing area to edit the model.

Expands the current viewport to the whole drawing area, with a red border. VPMIN returns to the layout.

VPMIN — Minimize Viewport

Returns to the layout from a maximized viewport.

Returns to the layout from a viewport maximized with VPMAX.

ZOOM — Zoom

Enlarges or reduces the view.

Enlarges or reduces the view of the drawing without changing the real size of the objects. The mouse wheel, which zooms in and out around the cursor, is usually more convenient; the command is for an exact window, a scale factor or going back to the previous view.

Usage

  1. Enter ZOOM (or Z) or click Zoom on the ribbon.
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX) or [All/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window] <real time>:
  1. Specify two opposite corners to zoom into that area, type a factor or choose an option.
Specify opposite corner:
  1. The command ends after changing the view. Enter on its own ends it without changing the view.

Options

Enter a scale factor (nX):
Specify first corner:

Notes

See also

ZOOMEXTENTS · PAN · User interface

ZOOMEXTENTS — Extents

Displays the whole drawing on screen.

Zooms to the whole drawing: enlarges or reduces the view so that all objects fit on the screen. It is the same as the Extents option of ZOOM.

Usage

  1. Enter ZOOMEXTENTS or click Extents on the ribbon. There are no prompts.

Notes

See also

ZOOM · PAN · User interface

Utilities and Inquiry

-PURGE — Purge (command line)

Purges unused items from the command line.

Command-line version of PURGE: removes the unused items of one type, by name and optionally confirming each one. It is the way to purge from a script (SCRIPT).

Usage

  1. Enter -PURGE (or -PU).
  2. Choose the type of items.
Enter type of unused objects to purge [Blocks/Dimstyles/LAyers/LTypes/MUltileaderstyles/Plotstyles/textSTyles/Mlinestyles/Tablestyles/Regapps/Zero-length geometry/Empty text objects/All]:
  1. Enter the names you want to purge. The wildcards * (any text) and ? (one character) and several patterns separated by commas are accepted; Enter purges all items of the type.
Enter name(s) to purge <*>:
  1. Say whether you want to confirm each item. With Yes, the program asks about each one; with No, it removes them all.
Verify each name to be purged? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Purge … "…"? [Yes/No] <N>:

Options

OptionType
Blocks (B)Blocks
LAyers (LA)Layers
LTypes (LT)Linetypes
textSTyles (ST)Text styles
Dimstyles (D)Dimension styles
MUltileaderstyles (MU)Multileader styles
Tablestyles (T)Table styles
Mlinestyles (M)Multiline styles
Plotstyles (P)Plot styles
Regapps (R)Registered applications
Zero-length (Z)Zero-length geometry
Empty (E)Empty text objects
All (A)All named types

Notes

See also

PURGE · SCRIPT · -OVERKILL

AREA — Area

Calculates area and perimeter.

Calculates the area and perimeter of a boundary defined by points or of a closed object. With the Add area and Subtract area modes it keeps a running total, for example to subtract openings from a surface. The drawing does not change.

Usage

  1. Enter AREA (or AA) or click its button.
Specify first corner point or [Object/Add area/Subtract area] <Object>:
  1. To measure by points, specify the corners of the boundary one after another. The figure closes by itself: there is no need to go back to the first point.
Specify next point or [Undo]:
Specify next point or [Undo/Total] <Total>:
  1. Press Enter (or type T) to calculate. The command line shows the area and the perimeter.
  2. To measure an object, press Enter at the first prompt (or type O) and select the object.
Select objects:

Options

Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract area]:
(ADD mode) Select objects:
Specify first corner point or [Object/Add area]:
(SUBTRACT mode) Select objects:

In add and subtract modes, Enter at the object prompt goes back to the mode prompt; Enter at the mode prompt ends the command and shows the total.

Notes

See also

MEASUREGEOM · DIST · LIST · HATCH · BOUNDARY

DIST — Distance

Measures the distance and angle between two points.

Measures the distance between two points and writes it on the command line, together with the angle of the line that joins them in the XY plane and the X, Y and Z deltas. The drawing does not change.

Usage

  1. Enter DIST (or DI) or click its button.
  2. Specify the first point with a click, an object snap or by typing its coordinates.
Specify first point:
  1. Specify the second point. While you move the cursor, the line being measured is shown.
Specify second point:
  1. The result appears on the command line and the command ends.

Notes

See also

MEASUREGEOM · AREA · ID · LIST · UNITS

ID — ID Point

Displays the coordinates of a point.

Shows the coordinates of a point on the command line. Use it to check where a vertex, a center or any point of the drawing is. The drawing does not change.

Usage

  1. Enter ID or click its button.
  2. Specify the point, usually with an object snap (Endpoint, Center, Intersection…).
Specify point:
  1. The X, Y and Z coordinates appear on the command line and the command ends.

Notes

See also

DIST · LIST · Coordinates and input · Object snaps and precision

LIST — List

Displays property data for selected objects.

Shows the data of the selected objects: type, layer, space, handle and geometry. The listing is written on the command line and the text window (F2) opens so you can read all of it. The drawing does not change.

Usage

  1. Enter LIST (or LI) or click its button. If objects are already selected, they are listed at once.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. Read the listing in the text window. Press F2 to close it or open it again.

What is listed

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · DIST · AREA · ID

MEASUREGEOM — Measure

Measures distances, radii and areas.

Brings the most common measurements together in one command: distance between two points, radius of an arc or circle, and area. Each option works like the equivalent command and writes the result on the command line.

Usage

  1. Enter MEASUREGEOM (or MEA) or click its button.
Enter an option [Distance/Radius/ARea] <Distance>:
  1. Choose the option. Enter, or specifying a point straight away, starts measuring a distance.
  2. Follow the prompts of the chosen option. The command ends after the measurement.

Options

Select arc or circle:

Notes

See also

DIST · AREA · ID · LIST

PTYPE — Point Style

Sets how points are displayed and their size.

Chooses how point objects are drawn (the symbol) and their size. The change affects all the points in the drawing, including those created by DIVIDE and MEASURE.

Usage

  1. Enter PTYPE (or DDPTYPE) or click Point Style. The Point Style dialog box opens.
  2. Click one of the 20 symbols.
  3. Enter the Point Size and whether it is measured as a percentage of the screen size or in drawing units.
  4. Click OK. Cancel leaves the style as it was.

On the command line (for example, in a script) you can type the values of the variables:

Enter new value for PDMODE (or use the Point Style dialog box):
Enter new value for PDSIZE:

Notes

See also

POINT · DIVIDE · MEASURE · System variables

PURGE — Purge

Removes unused items from the drawing: blocks, layers, linetypes, styles…

Removes from the drawing what is not used: block definitions, layers, linetypes and styles that nothing refers to, plus zero-length geometry and empty text objects. It makes the file lighter and keeps the layer and style lists tidy.

Usage

  1. Enter PURGE (or PU) or click its button. The Purge dialog box opens with the Purgeable items: list, grouped by type and with the number of items in each group.
  2. Expand the groups and check what you want to remove.
  3. Click Purge Checked Items, or Purge All to remove everything in the list. The command line says how many items were purged.

Options

What can be purged

Blocks, Layers, Linetypes, Text styles, Dimension styles, Multileader styles, Table styles, Multiline styles, Plot styles, Registered applications, Zero-length geometry and Empty text objects.

Notes

See also

-PURGE · AUDIT · OVERKILL · LAYER

QSELECT — Quick Select

Selects objects by type and by the value of a property.

Selects the objects that meet a condition on their type and the value of a property: all lines on a layer, circles with a radius greater than 5, texts of a certain height… The selection can then be edited with any command or with the Properties palette.

Usage

  1. Enter QSELECT or click its button. The Quick Select dialog box opens.
  2. Fill in the condition:
  1. Under How to apply: choose Include in new selection set or Exclude from new selection set, and check Append to current selection set to add the result to what was already selected.
  2. Click OK. The objects are selected.

Notes

See also

SELECTSIMILAR · AI_SELALL · PROPERTIES · Selecting objects

SELECTSIMILAR — Select Similar

Selects objects similar to the selected ones.

Selects all objects similar to the ones already selected: of the same type, on the same layer and, for block references, texts and dimensions, with the same block or style name.

Usage

  1. Select one or more sample objects, with no command active.
  2. Enter SELECTSIMILAR or click its button.
  3. All objects similar to any of the samples are selected; the command line says how many.

Notes

See also

QSELECT · AI_SELALL · MATCHPROP · Selecting objects

UNITS — Units

Sets the drawing units and precision.

Sets how the lengths and angles of the drawing are written and the unit used to scale inserted content. The choice is saved in the drawing and used by the command line, the status bar, the Properties palette and the inquiry commands (DIST, AREA, LIST…).

Usage

  1. Enter UNITS (or UN) or click its button. The Drawing Units dialog box opens.
  2. Choose the formats. The Sample Output box shows how a coordinate and an angle will look.
  3. Click OK. The change can be undone with UNDO.

The dialog box

Notes

See also

SETVAR · OPTIONS · Coordinates and input

Tools

ALIASEDIT — Edit Aliases

Edits the command aliases (lince.pgp file, with the acad.pgp syntax).

Edits the user command aliases: your own abbreviations, typed on the command line instead of the full name. They are saved in lince.pgp, with the same syntax as AutoCAD's acad.pgp, and an AutoCAD one can be imported as it is.

Usage

  1. Enter ALIASEDIT or click the button. Customize opens on the Aliases tab, with the file path at the top.
  2. To add one, type the alias and the command (its English or Spanish name; the suggestions complete it) and click Add. If the alias already existed, it now points to the new command.
  3. To remove one, click ✕ on its row.
  4. Import acad.pgp… adds the aliases of a .pgp file; existing ones with the same name are replaced.

Changes apply at once, without restarting the program.

The lince.pgp file

One line per alias, ALIAS, *COMMAND; whatever follows ; is a comment:

; my aliases
LL,      *LINE
CC,      *CIRCLE

The external command lines of acad.pgp (those without *) are ignored. If an alias is repeated, the last one wins.

Notes

See also

CUI · Command aliases · Keyboard shortcuts

APPLOAD — Load Application

Loads AutoLISP routines (.lsp) and chooses the ones loaded at startup.

Loads AutoLISP routines (.lsp) and manages the ones loaded at startup and the load security. Once loaded, a routine that defines C:NAME is used by entering NAME on the command line.

Usage

  1. Enter APPLOAD (or AP) or click its button. The Load Applications (APPLOAD) dialog box opens.
  2. Click Load a .lsp file… and choose the file. It is loaded at once.
  3. Close the dialog box. Changes to the lists and to the security are saved immediately.

The dialog box

Notes

See also

SCRIPT · OPTIONS · AutoLISP

CUI — Customize

Customizes the ribbon, toolbars, keyboard shortcuts and aliases.

Opens the Customize window, to adapt the interface: which commands each ribbon panel and each toolbar of the Classic workspace has, your own keyboard shortcuts and command aliases. It is a reduced version of AutoCAD's CUI editor.

Usage

  1. Enter CUI or click the button (it is also in the menu of the ⚙ gear on the status bar).
  2. Choose the tab and make the changes: they apply at once and are saved automatically.

Ribbon and Toolbars tab

Keyboard Shortcuts tab

Aliases tab

The same list that ALIASEDIT opens: the user aliases, saved in lince.pgp.

Notes

See also

ALIASEDIT · WORKSPACE · The user interface · Keyboard shortcuts

ISODRAFT — Isometric Drafting

Turns isometric drafting on in an isoplane, or back to orthographic.

Turns on isometric drafting in one of its three planes, or goes back to orthographic drafting. In isometric mode you draw an axonometric view of an object in a flat drawing: edges run at 30°, 90° and 150°, depending on the plane (left, top or right) you draw in.

Usage

  1. Enter ISODRAFT (or ISOD) or click the button.
  2. Choose the plane; Enter, the top one.
Enter an option [Orthographic/Left/Top/Right] <Top>:

Options

With isometric drafting

Specify radius of isocircle or [Diameter]:

Notes

See also

ISOPLANE · ELLIPSE · ORTHO · SNAP · Object snaps and precision

ISOPLANE — Isoplane

Specifies the current isometric plane.

Chooses the current isometric plane: left, top or right. Ortho, the grid, snap and the crosshairs follow the axes of that plane. It is the same as pressing F5 or Ctrl+E.

Usage

  1. Enter ISOPLANE.
  2. Choose the plane; Enter switches to the next one.
Enter isometric plane setting [Left/Top/Right] <next>:
  1. The program shows the chosen plane.
<…>

Options

Notes

See also

ISODRAFT · ELLIPSE · Object snaps and precision

OPTIONS — Options…

Application preferences.

Opens the application preferences: the interface language, how numbers are written, the QNEW template and the start page. They belong to Lince2D, not to the drawing: they apply to every drawing and are kept when the program closes.

Usage

  1. Enter OPTIONS (or OP) or click its button. The Options dialog box opens.
  2. Change what you need. The changes show at once in the whole window.
  3. Click OK (or Apply, which saves without closing). Cancel goes back to the previous preferences.

Interface tab

On the command line, input is always AutoCAD-style: decimal point and comma between coordinates (10.5,20).

Open and Save tab

Notes

See also

UNITS · SETVAR · APPLOAD · Options

SCRIPT — Run Script

Runs a command script (.scr).

Runs a script: a .scr text file whose lines are typed on the command line one after another, as if the user entered them. Use it to repeat tasks (setting up layers, purging, changing variables…) in one or more drawings.

Usage

  1. Enter SCRIPT (or SCR) or click its button.
  2. Choose the .scr file in the dialog box. (In a script that calls another one, its path is typed.)
Enter script file name:
  1. The lines run in order. Meanwhile the keyboard does not reach the command line.

How a script is written

; Current layer, linetype scale and purge
CLAYER Exterior wall
LTSCALE 50
-PURGE A * N

Notes

See also

SETVAR · APPLOAD · -PURGE · AutoLISP

SETVAR — System Variables

Lists or changes a system variable.

Shows or changes the value of a system variable of the drawing: units, current layer, linetype scale, fillet radius… The variable name can also be entered directly, as if it were a command.

Usage

  1. Enter SETVAR (or SET).
Enter variable name or [?]:
  1. Enter the variable name, or ? to see the list of all of them with their values (in the text window, F2).
  2. Enter the new value. Enter keeps the current value, shown between < >.
Enter new value for … <…>:

Shortcut: enter the variable name on the command line (for example LTSCALE) and go straight to step 3.

Variables

ANGBASE · ANGDIR · ATTMODE · AUNITS · AUPREC · CECOLOR · CELTSCALE · CELTYPE · CHAMFERA · CHAMFERB · CLAYER · CTABLESTYLE · DIMSCALE · DIMSTYLE · ELEVATION · FILLETRAD · FILLMODE · IMAGEFRAME · INSBASE · INSUNITS · LTSCALE · LUNITS · LUPREC · LWDISPLAY · MIRRTEXT · PDMODE · PDSIZE · PICKSTYLE · PLINEWID · SPLINESEGS · SPLINETYPE · TEXTSIZE · TEXTSTYLE · THICKNESS

Notes

See also

UNITS · OPTIONS · System variables

UCS — UCS

Manages user coordinate systems.

Changes the user coordinate system (UCS): an origin and X and Y axes of your own, moved or rotated with respect to the world coordinate system (WCS). It is useful to draw aligned with a rotated building or to measure from a corner of the plot.

Usage

  1. Enter UCS or click the button.
  2. Specify the new origin, or choose an option. Enter goes back to the world system.
Specify origin of UCS or [NAmed/OBject/Previous/World/Z] <World>:
  1. Specify a point on the positive X axis; Enter keeps the axes as they were and only changes the origin.
Specify point on X-axis or <accept>:
  1. Press Enter (or specify any point) to accept.
Specify point on the XY plane or <accept>:

Options

Enter an option [Restore/Save/Delete/?]:
Enter name to save current UCS or [?]:
Select object to align UCS:
Specify rotation angle about Z axis <90>:

Notes

See also

UCSMAN · PLAN · UCSICON · Coordinates and data entry

UCSICON — UCS Icon

Controls the visibility and placement of the UCS icon.

Shows or hides the UCS icon (the X and Y axis arrows in the corner of model space) and decides whether it is drawn at the UCS origin.

Usage

  1. Enter UCSICON or click the button.
  2. Choose an option; Enter shows it.
Enter an option [ON/OFF/Noorigin/ORigin] <ON>:

Options

Notes

See also

UCS · UCSMAN · Coordinates and data entry

UCSMAN — Named UCS

Manages defined user coordinate systems.

Opens the Named UCSs dialog box, which lists the world system and the drawing's named UCSs to make them current, rename them or delete them, and sets up the UCS icon.

Usage

  1. Enter UCSMAN (or UC) or click the button.
  2. At the top you see Current UCS: …. In the list, the current one is marked with ▶.
  3. Click a UCS in the list and use the buttons:
  1. At the bottom, Display the UCS icon and Display at UCS origin point change UCSICON.
  2. Click Close.

Notes

See also

UCS · UCSICON · PLAN · Coordinates and data entry

WORKSPACE — Workspace

Sets, saves, renames or deletes workspaces.

Opens the Workspaces window, which switches workspaces and saves, renames or deletes user workspaces. A workspace remembers how the interface is laid out:

Usage

  1. Enter WORKSPACE or click the button. The window lists the workspaces; the current one is marked (current).
  2. Choose one and click Set Current (or double-click it): the interface changes at once.
  3. To save the current layout, type a name in Name: and click Save Current As… or press Enter.

Buttons

Notes

See also

WSSAVE · CUI · The user interface

WSSAVE — Save Current As…

Saves the current interface layout as a workspace.

Saves the current interface layout as a named workspace, so you can return to it whenever you need: the ribbon or the Classic workspace, the ribbon state, the command line and the open palettes with their place and size.

Usage

  1. Arrange the interface the way you want it: open palettes, dock them, minimize the ribbon, float the command line...
  2. Enter WSSAVE or choose Save Current As… in the menu of the ⚙ gear on the status bar. The Workspaces window opens with the cursor in Name:.
  3. Type the name and press Enter (or click Save Current As…).

The saved workspace becomes current, and the status bar says so:

Workspace saved: …

Notes

See also

WORKSPACE · The user interface

File

AUDIT — Audit

Evaluates the integrity of the drawing and fixes the safe errors.

Checks the integrity of the open drawing and, if asked, fixes the errors that can be repaired safely. Useful with drawings that come from other programs or that cause problems when saving.

Usage

  1. Enter AUDIT or click its button.
  2. Say whether you want the errors fixed.
Fix any errors detected? [Yes/No] <N>:
  1. The command line shows how many records were checked, the errors and warnings found and the first problems; with Yes, also how many repairs were made and how many errors remain.

Options

Notes

See also

RECOVER · PURGE · QSAVE

CLOSE — Close

Closes the current drawing.

Closes the current drawing and moves to the drawing in the next tab. If it is the only one open, an empty drawing takes its place.

Usage

  1. Enter CLOSE, click the × on its tab or choose Close in the tab's shortcut menu.
  2. If the drawing has unsaved changes (its tab shows *), the program asks:
Save changes to …?
  1. Answer Yes to save and close, No to close without saving or Cancel to keep working.

Notes

See also

CLOSEALL · QSAVE · QUIT

CLOSEALL — Close All

Closes all open drawings.

Closes all open drawings, one after another. At the end an empty drawing remains and Lince2D stays open.

Usage

  1. Enter CLOSEALL or choose it in the Window menu.
  2. For each drawing with unsaved changes, the program moves to its tab and asks:
Save changes to …?
  1. Answer Yes (save), No (discard the changes) or Cancel.

Notes

See also

CLOSE · QUIT · QSAVE

ETRANSMIT — eTransmit

Packages the drawing and its dependent files in a ZIP.

Packages the drawing with every file it needs to look the same on another computer: external references, images, PDF underlays, SHX and TTF fonts and plot style tables. The result is a ZIP file with a transmittal report.

Usage

  1. Save the drawing and enter ETRANSMIT. The eTransmit dialog lists the files in the package with the path they will have inside the ZIP; files that cannot be found show as (not found) and are left out.
  2. Check Keep the drawing paths as they are if the packaged drawing should keep its original paths. Unchecked, the packaged drawing points to its files with paths relative to the package, which is usually what you need to send it.
  3. Click Create Transmittal… and specify the ZIP name. The dialog shows the Transmittal Report.

What the package contains

Notes

See also

PUBLISH · XREF · SAVEAS · External references

EXPORT — Export

Exports the drawing to another format.

Exports model space or the current layout to vector PDF or SVG, or to a PNG image. It uses the same Plot dialog box as PLOT: paper, area, scale and plot styles are chosen the same way.

Usage

  1. Enter EXPORT (or EXP) or click its button. The Plot dialog box opens.
  2. Set the paper, area, scale and plot style table (see PLOT). For a PNG, set the resolution in PNG:.
  3. Click OK, enter the file name and choose its type. The extension decides the format:

Notes

See also

PLOT · SAVEAS · PREVIEW · File formats

NEW — New

Starts an empty drawing.

Starts a new drawing from a template (.dwt, or a .dwg used as a template), in a new tab. The drawings already open stay in their tabs.

Usage

  1. Enter NEW, press Ctrl+N or click the + button to the right of the file tabs.
  2. The Select template dialog box opens in the Lince2D templates folder. Choose one and click Open.
  3. A tab opens with an unnamed drawing (Drawing1, Drawing2…) that has the layers, styles, units and layouts of the template. Save it with QSAVE; the first time it asks for a name and a folder.

On the command line (scripts) the prompt is:

Enter template file name or [. (for none)] <…>:

Enter the name of a template in the folder (with or without .dwt) or a full path; Enter takes the one shown between < > and . starts an empty metric drawing without a template.

Standard templates

TemplateContents
lince_iso.dwtLince2D metric template: millimetres, ISO-25 dimension style and a landscape A3 layout.
lince_imperial.dwtLince2D inch template: the acad.dwt dimension style and an ANSI B (17 × 11 in) layout.

They are installed with the program in the plantillas folder, next to the executable. Any drawing can be saved as a template with SAVEAS › DWT.

Notes

See also

QNEW · OPEN · SAVEAS · CLOSE · UNITS

OPEN — Open

Opens a DWG or DXF drawing.

Opens a DWG or DXF drawing in a new tab. The file is read in the background, with a progress bar, so the window keeps responding even with large files.

Usage

  1. Enter OPEN or press Ctrl+O.
  2. Choose the file in the dialog box. You can also drag the file onto the Lince2D window.
  3. When it finishes, the status bar says how many entities it has and how long it took, and the view shows the drawing extents.

Notes

See also

NEW · RECOVER · QSAVE · XREF · File formats

PAGESETUP — Page Setup

Manages the page setups of the drawing.

Manages the page setups of the drawing: the one of each layout (and of model space) and the named page setups, which can be applied to several layouts or brought in from other drawings. They are saved in the drawing, as in AutoCAD, and are the ones PLOT uses.

Usage

  1. Enter PAGESETUP or click its button. The Page Setup Manager opens, showing Current layout: …
  2. In Page setups: choose the one of the current layout (between asterisks) or a named one.
  3. Use the buttons:
  1. At the bottom, Selected page setup details sums up the device, paper, plot size, scale and plot style table.

Notes

See also

PLOT · PREVIEW · Layouts

PLOT — Plot

Plots the drawing to PDF.

Plots model space or the current layout to a vector PDF, PNG or SVG file, with the paper, area, scale and plot style table chosen in the Plot dialog box.

Usage

  1. Enter PLOT (or PRINT), press Ctrl+P or click its button. The dialog box says what is plotted: Plot: …
  2. Choose a saved Page setup:, or <None>, or <Previous plot> (the one of the last plot), and adjust what is needed.
  3. Click Preview… to check the sheet (PREVIEW).
  4. Click OK, enter the file name and choose its type: the extension (.pdf, .png or .svg) decides the format.

The dialog box

Specify first corner:
Specify opposite corner:

Notes

See also

PREVIEW · PAGESETUP · EXPORT · Layouts · Tutorial: from drawing to PDF

PREVIEW — Preview

Shows the page as it will be plotted.

Shows the sheet full screen exactly as it will be plotted: the paper, the printable area and what is plotted, with the settings of the Plot dialog box (scale, area, orientation and plot style table included).

Usage

  1. Enter PREVIEW or click its button. It also opens from the PLOT dialog box with Preview….
  2. Inspect the sheet: Wheel: zoom · Drag: pan.
  3. Click Plot to plot to a file, Fit to see the whole sheet again or Close to leave.

Notes

See also

PLOT · PAGESETUP · EXPORT

PUBLISH — Publish

Batch-plots a sheet list to PDF.

Plots several sheets to PDF in one go: model space and the layouts of the open drawing and of other drawings, each sheet with its own page setup. The result is a single multi-sheet PDF or one PDF per sheet.

Usage

  1. Save the drawing and enter PUBLISH. The Publish dialog opens with the Sheet List: model space and the layouts of the current drawing.
  2. Check the sheets you want to plot; ✖ removes a sheet from the list.
  3. Use Add Drawings… to add model space and the layouts of other DWG or DXF files.
  4. Choose Single multi-sheet PDF or One PDF per sheet and, if you wish, Include layer information and PDF/A.
  5. Click Publish and specify the PDF file (or the folder, with one PDF per sheet). Plotting runs in the background with a progress bar; you can keep drawing meanwhile.

Sheet list

Notes

See also

PLOT · PAGESETUP · ETRANSMIT · Layouts and plotting

QNEW — Quick new

Starts a drawing with the template set in OPTIONS.

Starts a new drawing with the template chosen in OPTIONS › Open and Save › QNEW template, without asking. It is what the New button of the Quick Access toolbar and of the Standard toolbar does.

Usage

  1. Enter QNEW or click the New button of the Quick Access toolbar.
  2. A tab opens with an unnamed drawing made from that template.

Notes

See also

NEW · OPTIONS · SAVEAS

QSAVE — Save

Saves the current drawing.

Saves the current drawing to its file, in the same format and version it was opened with. A new drawing, which has no name yet, asks where to save it.

Usage

  1. Enter QSAVE, press Ctrl+S or click its button.
  2. If the drawing has no name, the SAVEAS dialog box opens with the DWG 2018 format.
  3. The status bar confirms the path, the version and the time taken. The * on the tab disappears.

Notes

See also

SAVEAS · OPEN · CLOSE · File formats

QUIT — Exit

Closes Lince2D.

Closes Lince2D. Before that it asks about every drawing with unsaved changes.

Usage

  1. Enter QUIT (or EXIT), press Ctrl+Q or close the window (X button or Alt+F4).
  2. For each drawing with unsaved changes, the program moves to its tab and asks:
Save changes to …?
  1. Answer Yes (save), No (discard the changes) or Cancel (do not quit).

Notes

See also

CLOSEALL · CLOSE · QSAVE

RECOVER — Recover

Opens a damaged drawing, recovering what can be read.

Opens a damaged DWG or DXF drawing, recovering everything that can be read. Records that cannot be understood are skipped instead of stopping the reading, and then the same safe repairs as AUDIT are applied.

Usage

  1. Enter RECOVER or click its button.
  2. Choose the file in the dialog box. It opens in a new tab.
  3. The command line shows the report: how many records were damaged or could not be read, the audit result and the repairs made.
  4. Check the drawing and save it with QSAVE or SAVEAS to keep what was recovered.

Notes

See also

AUDIT · OPEN · SAVEAS

SAVEAS — Save As

Saves with another name, format or version.

Saves the drawing under another name, in another folder, in another format (DWG or DXF) or in another version, so that older programs can open it. Afterwards, the open drawing becomes the new file.

Usage

  1. Enter SAVEAS or press Ctrl+Shift+S. The save dialog box opens with the DWG 2018 format.
  2. In the menus (application menu or File), Save As opens a list of target versions: choose one and then the file name.
  3. Enter the name and click Save. The status bar confirms the path and the version.

Target versions

TargetOpened by
DWG 2018 (AutoCAD 2018–2027)AutoCAD 2018 and later, up to 2027
DWG 2013AutoCAD 2013 to 2017
DWG 2010AutoCAD 2010 to 2012
DWG 2007AutoCAD 2007 to 2009
DWG 2004AutoCAD 2004 to 2006
DWG 2000AutoCAD 2000 to 2002
DWG R14AutoCAD R14 and older programs (proxies are left out)
DXF 2018Any program that reads AutoCAD 2018 DXF
DXF 2013, 2010, 2007 and 2004Programs that read the DXF of those AutoCAD versions
DXF 2000Programs that only read old DXF files
DXF R12Programs that only read R12 DXF (what R12 lacks is exploded or left out)
DWT (template)A drawing template for NEW (DWG 2018)

Saving as a template

With DWT (template) you choose the .dwt file and the Template Options dialog box opens: enter the Description (shown by the start page when the mouse is over the template) and choose the Measurement (Metric or English, the MEASUREMENT variable). They are saved in the file, where AutoCAD saves them, and AutoCAD shows them too.

Notes

See also

QSAVE · EXPORT · OPEN · File formats

Edit and Clipboard

AI_SELALL — Select All

Selects all visible objects.

Selects all visible objects in the current space (model or the open layout). The selection can then be edited with any command or with the Properties palette.

Usage

  1. Press Ctrl+A or enter AI_SELALL with no command active.
  2. All objects are selected.

Inside a command that asks to select objects, Ctrl+A (or typing ALL) adds all objects to the command's selection.

Notes

See also

QSELECT · SELECTSIMILAR · Selecting objects

COPYBASE — Copy with Base Point

Copies the selection to the clipboard with a specified base point.

Copies the selected objects to the clipboard with the base point you specify. When pasting with PASTECLIP, that point goes exactly to the insertion point, so the copy can be placed precisely.

Usage

  1. Press Ctrl+Shift+C or enter COPYBASE.
  2. Select the objects and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. Specify the base point, usually with an object snap (a corner, a center…).
Specify base point:
  1. The command line says how many objects were copied.

Notes

See also

COPYCLIP · PASTECLIP · PASTEBLOCK · Object snaps and precision

COPYCLIP — Copy Clip

Copies the selection to the clipboard.

Copies the selected objects to the Lince2D clipboard, without changing the drawing. They can then be pasted into this drawing or another open one with PASTECLIP, PASTEORIG or PASTEBLOCK.

Usage

  1. Select the objects and press Ctrl+C (or enter COPYCLIP). With objects already selected, they are copied at once.
  2. If nothing was selected, select the objects and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. The command line says how many objects were copied.

Notes

See also

CUTCLIP · COPYBASE · PASTECLIP · COPY

CUTCLIP — Cut

Moves the selection to the clipboard and erases it.

Moves the selected objects to the Lince2D clipboard and erases them from the drawing. They can then be pasted into this drawing or another one with PASTECLIP, PASTEORIG or PASTEBLOCK.

Usage

  1. Select the objects and press Ctrl+X (or enter CUTCLIP). With objects already selected, they are cut at once.
  2. If nothing was selected, select the objects and press Enter.
Select objects:
  1. The command line says how many objects were copied. The objects disappear from the drawing.

Notes

See also

COPYCLIP · PASTECLIP · COPYBASE · Editing objects

PASTEBLOCK — Paste as Block

Pastes the clipboard contents as a block.

Pastes the copy as a single object: it creates a new block definition with it and inserts it at the point you specify. The pasted content can then be moved, copied or erased in one go.

Usage

  1. Copy the objects with COPYCLIP, CUTCLIP or COPYBASE.
  2. Press Ctrl+Shift+V or enter PASTEBLOCK.
  3. Specify the insertion point. While you move the cursor, the outline of the copy is shown.
Specify insertion point:
  1. The block is inserted at scale 1 with no rotation.

Notes

See also

PASTECLIP · BLOCK · EXPLODE · Blocks

PASTECLIP — Paste

Inserts the contents of the clipboard.

Pastes into the current drawing what was copied with COPYCLIP, CUTCLIP or COPYBASE. The pasted objects are ordinary, independent objects, with their layers and styles.

Usage

  1. Press Ctrl+V or enter PASTECLIP.
  2. Specify the insertion point. While you move the cursor, the outline of the copy is shown.
Specify insertion point:
  1. The objects are placed with their base point at the specified point.

Notes

See also

PASTEORIG · PASTEBLOCK · COPYCLIP · COPYBASE

PASTEORIG — Paste to Original Coordinates

Pastes the copied objects at their original coordinates.

Pastes the copy at the same coordinates it had in the source drawing, without asking for a point. Use it to move objects from one drawing to another without shifting them.

Usage

  1. Copy the objects in one drawing with COPYCLIP or CUTCLIP.
  2. Switch to the target drawing (its tab or Ctrl+Tab).
  3. Enter PASTEORIG or choose it in the Edit menu. The objects appear where they were.

Notes

See also

PASTECLIP · COPYCLIP · PASTEBLOCK

REDO — Redo

Redoes the last undone action.

Redoes what was just undone with UNDO. It can be repeated to redo several steps, in the same order they were undone.

Usage

  1. Press Ctrl+Y, click Redo on the Quick Access toolbar or enter REDO with no command active.
  2. The command line says what was done. If there is nothing left to redo, it says so.

Notes

See also

UNDO · Editing objects

UNDO — Undo

Undoes the last command.

Undoes the last command that changed the drawing. Each command is undone as a whole (all the lines of a LINE, all the copies of a COPY…), and you can undo several times in a row to go further back.

Usage

  1. Press Ctrl+Z, click Undo on the Quick Access toolbar or enter UNDO (or U) with no command active.
  2. The command line says what was done. If there is nothing left to undo, it says so.
  3. To get back what was undone, use REDO (Ctrl+Y).

What is undone

Notes

See also

REDO · Editing objects

Status Bar

GRID — GRID

Displays the grid.

Shows or hides the grid of the drawing area, a reference mesh that helps to judge distances by eye. Also with the F7 key and the GRID button of the status bar.

Usage

  1. Enter GRID or press F7.
Grid [ON/OFF] <…>:
  1. Choose ON or OFF; Enter switches to the opposite of the current state.

Notes

See also

SNAP · ORTHO · Object snaps and precision

LWDISPLAY — LWT

Show lineweights.

Will show or hide the lineweight of objects on screen. It is not available yet as a toggle: it cannot be typed and it has no button on the status bar.

Notes

See also

LWEIGHT · PROPERTIES · LAYER

ORTHO — ORTHO

Ortho mode.

Turns Ortho mode on and off: while a command asks for a point from another one, the cursor is constrained to the horizontal or vertical of the last point. Use it to draw straight lines by hand without typing coordinates. It is not typed as a command: use the F8 key or the ORTHO button on the status bar.

Usage

  1. Press F8 or click the ORTHO button: the button stays highlighted while Ortho is on.
  2. Move the cursor: the point snaps to the nearest horizontal or vertical direction.

Notes

See also

POLAR · OSNAP · LINE · Object snaps and precision

OSNAP — OSNAP

Object snap.

Turns running object snaps on and off: while a command asks for a point, the cursor jumps to nearby key points (endpoints, midpoints, centers, intersections...) and a marker shows which one was found. It is not typed as a command: use the F3 key or the OSNAP button on the status bar.

Usage

  1. Press F3 or click the OSNAP button to turn them on or off.
  2. Right-click the button to choose the modes: Endpoint, Midpoint, Center, Intersection, Perpendicular, Tangent, Quadrant, Insertion, Node, Extension and Nearest. Select All and Clear All check or clear them all.

Temporary snaps

When a command asks for a point, type the first three letters of a mode to use it for that point only, even with running snaps off: END, MID, CEN, INT, PER, TAN, QUA, INS, NOD, EXT or NEA (the Spanish names FIN, MED, CUA, CER... also work).

Notes

See also

POLAR · ORTHO · SNAP · Object snaps and precision

POLAR — POLAR

Polar tracking.

Turns polar tracking on and off: while a command asks for a point from another one, when the cursor passes close to a direction that is a multiple of the increment angle, it snaps to it, a dashed alignment path is drawn and a tooltip shows the distance and the angle. It is not typed as a command: use the F10 key or the POLAR button on the status bar.

Usage

  1. Press F10 or click the POLAR button to turn it on or off.
  2. Right-click the button to choose the increment angle: 90, 45, 30, 22.5, 18, 15, 10 or 5 degrees.
  3. With the alignment path in view, click: the point lies on it.

Notes

See also

ORTHO · OSNAP · Object snaps and precision

SNAP — SNAP

Snap to grid.

Turns snap to grid on and off: while a command asks for a point, the cursor jumps to the crossings of the visible grid. It is not typed as a command: use the F9 key or the SNAP button on the status bar.

Usage

  1. Press F9 or click the SNAP button: the button stays highlighted while it is on.
  2. Move the cursor: the point snaps to the nearest grid crossing.

Notes

See also

GRID · ORTHO · OSNAP · Object snaps and precision

Help

ABOUT — About

Version, credits and third-party licenses.

Opens the About Lince2D window, with the installed version of Lince2D, the copyright notice and the license notices of the third-party libraries included in the program.

Usage

  1. Enter ABOUT or choose it on the application menu or the Help menu.
  2. Expand Third-party notices to read the full licenses.
  3. Close the window with its close button.

Notes

See also

HELP · What's new

HELP — Help

Displays the Lince2D help.

Opens the Lince2D help viewer. If a command is running, it opens the page of that command directly.

Usage

  1. Press F1, enter HELP or choose Help on the Help menu.
  2. While a command is running, F1 opens its page; with the mouse over a button of the ribbon or of a toolbar, F1 opens the page of that button's command. Otherwise the general help opens.

The viewer

Command pages start with the command name, its English global name, its alias, its shortcut and where it is on the ribbon and in the menus. Prompt texts are the same ones the command line shows.

Notes

See also

ABOUT · User interface · Keyboard · Welcome

System Variables

System variables

System variables hold drawing settings: the units, the current layer and color, the fillet radius, how points look… Lince2D uses the same names and the same values as AutoCAD, and stores them in the drawing header: when the DWG or DXF file is opened in AutoCAD they are kept, and the other way round.

Reading and changing a variable

  1. Enter SETVAR (or SET).
Enter variable name or [?]:
  1. Enter the variable name, or ? to list all of them with their values in the text window.
Enter new value for … <…>:
  1. Enter the new value, or press Enter to keep the current one (shown between < >).

The variable name can also be typed directly on the command line, as if it were a command: LTSCALE asks for the new value of LTSCALE. The _ and . prefixes are accepted, as in AutoCAD.

Notes

Invalid value for …: …

List of variables

VariableWhat it controls
ANGBASEDirection of angle 0
ANGDIRDirection of positive angles
ANNOAUTOSCALEScale added when the annotation scale changes
ATTMODEAttribute visibility
AUNITSAngle format
AUPRECAngle precision
BINDTYPENames when binding external references
CANNOSCALECurrent annotation scale
CECOLORColor of new objects
CELTSCALELinetype scale of new objects
CELTYPELinetype of new objects
CETRANSPARENCYTransparency of new objects
CHAMFERAFirst chamfer distance
CHAMFERBSecond chamfer distance
CLAYERCurrent layer
CTABLESTYLECurrent table style
DIMASSOCAssociativity of new dimensions
DIMSCALEOverall dimension scale
DIMSTYLECurrent dimension style
ELEVATIONElevation of new objects
FIELDDISPLAYGray background of fields
FILLETRADFillet radius
FILLMODEFill of solids and wide polylines
HPGAPTOLHatch gap tolerance
IMAGEFRAMEImage frames
INSBASEInsertion base point of the drawing
INSUNITSInsertion units
LAYOUTCREATEVIEWPORTViewport in new layouts
LTSCALEGlobal linetype scale
LUNITSLength format
LUPRECLength precision
LWDISPLAYLineweight display
MIRRTEXTMirroring of text
PDFFRAMEFrame of PDF underlays
PDMODEPoint symbol
PDSIZEPoint size
PICKSTYLEGroup selection
PLINEWIDDefault polyline width
REFPATHTYPEPath type of new references
SNAPISOPAIRCurrent isometric plane
SNAPSTYLNormal or isometric snap
SPLINESEGSSegments per span when spline-fitting polylines
SPLINETYPECurve type when spline-fitting polylines
TEXTSIZEDefault text height
TEXTSTYLECurrent text style
THICKNESSThickness of new objects
TRANSPARENCYDISPLAYDisplay transparency
UCSICONUCS icon
VISRETAINChanges to reference layers
XCLIPFRAMEBoundary of clipped references
XFADECTLFading of external references

ANGBASE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Direction of angle 0, from which the angles written by the program are measured (in LIST, DIST, the PROPERTIES palette…). It is entered in degrees or in any angle format (90, 90d0'0", 100g, 1.5708r); getvar returns it in radians, as in AutoCAD.

Notes

Typed polar coordinates (@50<30) are always measured in degrees from the X axis, counterclockwise.

See also

UNITS · ANGDIR · AUNITS

ANGDIR

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Direction in which the angles written by the program increase, starting from ANGBASE.

ValueDirection
0Counterclockwise
1Clockwise

See also

UNITS · ANGBASE · AUNITS

ANNOAUTOSCALE

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: -4

When the annotation scale (CANNOSCALE) changes, adds the new scale to the annotative objects that supported the previous one, so that they keep their paper size.

ValueObjects the scale is added to
1All, except those on layers that are off, frozen or locked
2All, except those on layers that are off or frozen
3All, except those on locked layers
4All
0 or negativeNone: the scale is not added

Notes

It applies to the session: it is not saved in the drawing (in AutoCAD it is a program setting). A negative value turns the feature off while remembering which value would be used, as in AutoCAD.

See also

CANNOSCALE · OBJECTSCALE · Annotation scales

ATTMODE

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Visibility of block attributes.

ValueAttributes
0All hidden
1Normal: visible ones shown, invisible ones hidden
2All shown, including invisible ones

Notes

When it changes, blocks are redrawn with the new value.

See also

ATTDEF · ATTEDIT · BATTMAN

AUNITS

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Format in which the program writes angles.

ValueFormatExample
0Decimal degrees45.5
1Degrees/minutes/seconds45d30'0"
2Grads50.5556g
3Radians0.7941r
4Surveyor's units (bearings)N 44d30' E

Angles can be typed in any of these formats whatever AUNITS is.

See also

UNITS · AUPREC · ANGBASE · angtos

AUPREC

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Number of decimal places of the angles written by the program, from 0 to 8. In degrees/minutes/seconds it sets how far they go: 0 degrees only, 1-2 minutes, 3-4 seconds and higher, decimals of the seconds.

See also

UNITS · AUNITS

BINDTYPE

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 0

How the layers, linetypes, styles and blocks of an external reference are named when it is bound to the drawing with the Bind option of -XREF (or the button in XREF).

ValueNames
0Bind: reference$0$name (the WALLS layer of the base reference becomes base$0$WALLS)
1Insert: the name they had in the reference (WALLS); if it already exists in the drawing, the drawing's own is used

Notes

It applies to the session: it is not saved in the drawing (in AutoCAD it is a program setting).

See also

-XREF · XREF · External references

CANNOSCALE

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1:1

Current annotation scale of model space: the name of a scale in the drawing's scale list (1:50). Annotative objects are shown with the representation of this scale and new ones are created with it: a 2.5 text at 1:50 measures 125 drawing units.

Notes

Scale … is not in the drawing scale list.

See also

OBJECTSCALE · ANNOAUTOSCALE · DIMSCALE · Annotation scales

CECOLOR

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: BYLAYER

Color given to new objects.

See also

COLOR · PROPERTIES · CLAYER

CELTSCALE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Linetype scale given to new objects. It multiplies LTSCALE: with 2, the dashes and gaps of new objects are twice as long as those of the rest. It must be greater than 0.

See also

LINETYPE · LTSCALE · CELTYPE

CELTYPE

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: ByLayer

Linetype given to new objects: BYLAYER (the layer's), BYBLOCK (the block's) or the name of a linetype loaded in the drawing (CONTINUOUS, DASHED…). A linetype that is not loaded is rejected: load it first with LINETYPE.

See also

LINETYPE · CELTSCALE · LTSCALE

CETRANSPARENCY

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: BYLAYER

Transparency given to new objects.

Notes

See also

PROPERTIES · TRANSPARENCYDISPLAY · CECOLOR

CHAMFERA

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

First chamfer distance: the one trimmed from the first selected object. CHAMFER proposes it and stores it when it is changed. With both distances at 0, the objects are joined in a sharp corner.

See also

CHAMFER · CHAMFERB · FILLETRAD

CHAMFERB

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Second chamfer distance: the one trimmed from the second selected object.

See also

CHAMFER · CHAMFERA

CLAYER

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Current layer: new objects are created on it. Enter the name of an existing layer (case does not matter). A frozen layer cannot be made current.

See also

LAYER · LAYMCUR · LAYERP · CECOLOR

CTABLESTYLE

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: Standard

Current table style: the one TABLE uses for new tables. Enter the name of an existing style.

See also

TABLE · TABLESTYLE

DIMASSOC

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 2

Associativity of new dimensions.

ValueNew dimensions
0Exploded: separate lines, arrowheads and text, as in AutoCAD
1Not associated with the geometry
2Associative: they follow the objects they measure when these are moved, stretched or scaled

Notes

See also

DIMREASSOCIATE · DIMDISASSOCIATE · Dimensions

DIMSCALE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Overall dimension scale: it multiplies the text heights, arrow sizes and distances of the dimension style. A value of 0 or greater.

Notes

New dimensions use the DIMSCALE of their dimension style. When a style is made current, this variable takes its value; to rescale the dimensions, modify the style with DIMSTYLE.

See also

DIMSTYLE · DIMSTYLE

DIMSTYLE

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: Standard

Current dimension style: the one used by new dimensions. When it changes, the dimension variables of the header (DIMSCALE, arrow size, text height…) take the values of the style, as in AutoCAD.

See also

DIMSTYLE · DIMSCALE · DIMLINEAR

ELEVATION

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Elevation (Z coordinate) of new objects, in AutoCAD.

Notes

Lince2D is a 2D program: it stores the value in the drawing for AutoCAD, but draws new objects at Z = 0.

See also

THICKNESS

FIELDDISPLAY

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 1

Background of fields (FIELD) on screen.

ValueFields
0No background: they look like any other text
1On a gray background, which is not plotted

Notes

It applies to the session: it is not saved in the drawing (in AutoCAD it is a program setting).

See also

FIELD · UPDATEFIELD · Text and styles

FILLETRAD

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Fillet radius. FILLET proposes it and stores it when it is changed with its Radius option. With 0, the objects are trimmed or extended until they meet in a sharp corner.

See also

FILLET · CHAMFERA

FILLMODE

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

In AutoCAD, whether solids, donuts and wide polylines are filled.

ValueFill
0Outline only
1Filled

Notes

With 0 no fill is drawn (solid and gradient hatches, solids and wide polylines): solids keep their outline and wide polylines their centreline. It also applies when plotting.

See also

SOLID · DONUT · PLINE

HPGAPTOL

Type: real · Stored in: session · Initial value: 0

Hatch gap tolerance: when looking for the boundary with an internal point, HATCH closes gaps of up to this length between loose endpoints, as if they were joined. With 0, the boundary must be fully closed. It accepts 0 to 5000, in drawing units.

Notes

As in AutoCAD, it is not saved in the drawing. It only counts for boundaries found from an internal point, not for selected objects.

See also

HATCH · BOUNDARY · Hatches

IMAGEFRAME

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Frame of the raster images in the drawing.

ValueFrame
0Hidden (images cannot be selected by their edge)
1Displayed and plotted
2Displayed but not plotted

Notes

With 2 the frame shows on screen but is not plotted or exported. The setting is stored in the image dictionary of the drawing, as in AutoCAD.

See also

IMAGEATTACH · IMAGECLIP · IMAGEADJUST

INSBASE

Type: point · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0,0

Base point of the drawing: the point placed at the insertion point when this file is inserted as a block into another drawing. It is entered as x,y coordinates.

Notes

WBLOCK stores the base point of the block as the INSBASE of the new file.

See also

INSERT · WBLOCK

INSUNITS

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Unit in which the drawing is drawn. When an image is attached with IMAGEATTACH, Lince2D uses it together with the resolution of the file to give the image its real size; AutoCAD also uses it to scale blocks and references inserted from drawings in another unit.

ValueUnitValueUnit
0Unitless11Angstroms
1Inches12Nanometers
2Feet13Microns
3Miles14Decimeters
4Millimeters15Decameters
5Centimeters16Hectometers
6Meters17Gigameters
7Kilometers18Astronomical units
8Microinches19Light years
9Mils20Parsecs
10Yards

See also

UNITS · INSERT · IMAGEATTACH

LAYOUTCREATEVIEWPORT

Type: integer · Saved in: session · Initial value: 1

Whether new layouts get a viewport showing the model extents: 0 no, 1 yes.

See also

LAYOUT · MVIEW

LTSCALE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Global linetype scale: it multiplies the length of the dashes and gaps of all objects. For drawings in millimeters at 1:100, a value around 100 makes dashed lines look dashed. It must be greater than 0.

See also

LINETYPE · CELTSCALE

LUNITS

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 2

Format in which the program writes lengths and coordinates.

ValueFormatExample
1Scientific1.5500E+01
2Decimal15.5000
3Engineering1'-3.5000"
4Architectural1'-3 1/2"
5Fractional15 1/2

In the engineering and architectural formats the drawing unit is the inch, as in AutoCAD.

See also

UNITS · LUPREC · rtos

LUPREC

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 4

Number of decimal places of the lengths written by the program, from 0 to 8. In the fractional formats it sets the smallest denominator: 1 halves, 2 quarters, 3 eighths… up to 8 (1/256).

See also

UNITS · LUNITS

LWDISPLAY

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Whether the lineweights of objects are displayed on screen.

ValueLineweights
0Not displayed: everything with the same width
1Displayed

Notes

Lince2D stores the value in the drawing; the status bar toggle (LWDISPLAY) is not available yet.

See also

LWEIGHT · LWDISPLAY

MIRRTEXT

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

How MIRROR handles text, multiline text and attributes.

ValueText
0Moved, but still reads normally
1Mirrored like everything else (reads backwards)

See also

MIRROR · ALIGN

PDFFRAME

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 1

Frame of the PDF underlays in the drawing.

ValueFrame
0Hidden (the frame of an underlay whose file is not found is shown anyway)
1Displayed and plotted
2Displayed but not plotted

Notes

With 2 the frame shows on screen but is not plotted or exported. The setting applies to the session (AutoCAD saves it in the drawing).

See also

PDFATTACH · PDFCLIP · IMAGEFRAME · XCLIPFRAME

PDMODE

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Symbol used to draw point objects. It is the sum of a figure and, optionally, an outline.

ValueFigure
0A dot
1Nothing
2Cross (+)
3X
4Short vertical tick
AddOutline
32Circle
64Square

For example, 35 = an X inside a circle. Valid values: 0-4, 32-36, 64-68 and 96-100.

See also

PTYPE · POINT · DIVIDE · MEASURE · PDSIZE

PDSIZE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Size of the point symbol (see PDMODE).

See also

PTYPE · POINT · PDMODE

PICKSTYLE

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

Whether selecting a member of a group selects the whole group.

ValueSelection
0Single objects
1Whole groups (the selectable ones)
2Single objects (in AutoCAD, associative hatches with their boundary)
3Whole groups (in AutoCAD, associative hatches too)

Ctrl+Shift+A turns group selection on and off.

Notes

Lince2D only uses the group part; values 2 and 3 are kept for AutoCAD.

See also

GROUP · GROUPEDIT · UNGROUP

PLINEWID

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Default width of new polylines, in AutoCAD. A value of 0 or greater.

Notes

PLINE and POLYGON create polylines with this width, and the PLINE Width option proposes it.

See also

PLINE · PEDIT

REFPATHTYPE

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 1

How the path of the external references and PDF underlays you attach is saved.

ValuePath
0No path: just the file name, which is looked for in the drawing's folder
1Relative to the drawing's folder
2Full

Notes

See also

XATTACH · -XREF · External references

SNAPISOPAIR

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Current isometric plane, the one followed by ortho, the grid, snap and the crosshairs when isometric drafting is on.

ValuePlane
0Left (axes at 90° and 150°)
1Top (axes at 30° and 150°)
2Right (axes at 30° and 90°)

Notes

F5 and Ctrl+E switch to the next plane. It is saved in the drawing's current viewport, as in AutoCAD.

See also

ISOPLANE · ISODRAFT · SNAPSTYL

SNAPSTYL

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Snap and grid style: normal or isometric.

ValueStyle
0Rectangular: horizontal and vertical axes (or those of the UCS)
1Isometric, in the plane of SNAPISOPAIR

Notes

It is what ISODRAFT and the ISO button on the status bar change. It is saved in the drawing's current viewport, as in AutoCAD.

See also

ISODRAFT · ISOPLANE · SNAP · Object snaps and precision

SPLINESEGS

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 8

Number of straight segments with which the Spline option of PEDIT approximates each span of the polyline. More segments give a smoother curve. From 1 to 32767.

See also

PEDIT · SPLINETYPE

SPLINETYPE

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 6

Curve type used by the Spline option of PEDIT.

ValueCurve
5Quadratic B-spline
6Cubic B-spline

See also

PEDIT · SPLINESEGS · SPLINE

TEXTSIZE

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 2.5

Default text height, when the current text style has no fixed height. TEXT, MTEXT and ATTDEF propose it and store here the last height chosen; it is also used by the attributes created by BATTMAN and by texts created with entmake without a height. It must be greater than 0.

See also

ATTDEF · TEXT · STYLE · TEXTSTYLE

TEXTSTYLE

Type: text · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: Standard

Current text style: the one used by new text and attributes. Enter the name of an existing style.

See also

STYLE · TEXT · MTEXT · TEXTSIZE

THICKNESS

Type: real · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 0

Extrusion thickness (in Z) of new objects, in AutoCAD.

Notes

Lince2D is a 2D program: it stores the value in the drawing for AutoCAD, but creates objects without thickness.

See also

ELEVATION

TRANSPARENCYDISPLAY

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 1

Whether the transparency of objects and layers is displayed on screen.

ValueTransparency
0Not displayed: everything is drawn opaque
1Displayed

Notes

See also

CETRANSPARENCY · PROPERTIES · LAYER

UCSICON

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 3

UCS icon in model space. It is the sum of these values:

ValueIcon
0Hidden
1Displayed
2At the UCS origin, if it is visible on screen (otherwise, at the lower left)

With 3, displayed and at the origin.

See also

UCSICON · UCSMAN · UCS

VISRETAIN

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 1

What happens to the layers of external references (reference|layer) when they are reloaded.

ValueLayers
0They take again the color, linetype and state they have in the reference file
1They keep what has been changed in this drawing (color, on, frozen...)

See also

XREF · LAYER · External references

XCLIPFRAME

Type: integer · Stored in: drawing · Initial value: 2

Boundary of the external references and blocks clipped with XCLIP.

ValueBoundary
0Hidden
1Displayed and plotted
2Displayed but not plotted

Notes

With 2 the boundary shows on screen but is not plotted or exported. It is drawn on the layer and in the color of the insert.

See also

XCLIP · PDFFRAME · IMAGEFRAME

XFADECTL

Type: integer · Stored in: session · Initial value: 70

How much the content of external references (what is on reference|layer layers) is faded on screen, from 0 (not at all) to 90 %, to tell it apart from what is drawn in this drawing.

Notes

See also

XREF · XATTACH · External references

AutoLISP

AutoLISP

Lince2D has its own AutoLISP interpreter to run routines written for AutoCAD or progeCAD: the same functions, the same data types and the same error messages ("; error: bad argument type…", as in AutoCAD, because many routines compare them in their *error*). Routines ask for points and select objects like any command, with object snaps, rubber band and typed coordinates.

Typing expressions on the command line

When no command is active, anything that starts with ( is evaluated as AutoLISP and the result is written below. If parentheses or quotes are left open, the program shows (_> and waits for more lines.

(setq r (* 2 pi))
6.28319

Loading .lsp files

New commands with c:

A function whose name starts with c: becomes a command: type its name on the command line like any other.

(defun c:area2 (/ e)
  (setq e (car (entsel "\nSelect a circle: ")))
  (princ (strcat "\nArea: " (rtos (* pi (expt (cdr (assoc 40 (entget e))) 2)) 2 2)))
  (princ))

Data types

32-bit integers (which overflow as in AutoCAD), reals, strings, symbols, lists and dotted pairs, entity names, selection sets, files and functions. Angles are in radians; points are lists of two or three numbers. Comments go from ; to the end of the line or between ;| and |;. Strings accept \n, \t, \", \\ and \e.

Limits

Functions by family

Special forms and control: quote · function · lambda · setq · defun · defun-q · if · cond · while · repeat · foreach · progn · and · or · t · pi · pause · error

Arithmetic: + · - · * · / · 1+ · 1- · abs · fix · float · rem · gcd · min · max · sqrt · expt · exp · log · sin · cos · atan · ~ · logand · logior · lsh

Comparison and predicates: = · /= · < · > · <= · >= · eq · equal · not · null · atom · listp · vl-consp · numberp · zerop · minusp · boundp · type · vl-symbolp

Lists: car · cdr · cadr and the other c…r · cons · list · append · reverse · length · vl-list-length · nth · member · assoc · subst · last · vl-remove · vl-position · vl-sort · vl-remove-if · vl-remove-if-not · vl-some · vl-every · vl-member-if · acad_strlsort · mapcar · apply

Evaluation and symbols: eval · set · read · vl-symbol-name · vl-symbol-value

Strings: strcat · strlen · substr · strcase · itoa · atoi · atof · chr · ascii · wcmatch · vl-string-trim · vl-string-left-trim · vl-string-right-trim · vl-string-search · vl-string-subst · vl-string-translate · vl-string-position · vl-string->list · vl-list->string · vl-string-elt · vl-princ-to-string · vl-prin1-to-string

Units: rtos · distof · angtos · angtof

Geometry: distance · angle · polar · inters · trans

User input: initget · getpoint · getcorner · getdist · getangle · getorient · getreal · getint · getstring · getkword · entsel

Messages: princ · prin1 · print · terpri · prompt · alert · textscr · graphscr

Commands: command · command-s · vl-cmdf

Entities: entlast · entnext · entget · entmod · entmake · entdel · entupd · handent

Selection sets: ssget · ssname · sslength · ssadd · ssdel · ssmemb

Tables, variables and display: tblsearch · tblnext · getvar · setvar · redraw · regen

Files and loading: open · close · read-line · write-line · findfile · getenv · load · vl-filename-base · vl-filename-directory · vl-filename-extension

Errors and system: exit · quit · vl-catch-all-apply · vl-catch-all-error-p · vl-catch-all-error-message · vl-load-com · ver · gc

quote

(quote expression) or 'expression

Returns the expression without evaluating it.

'(1 2 3)          ; (1 2 3)
(quote a)         ; A

function

(function symbol-or-lambda)

Like quote, but tells that the argument is a function. Used with mapcar and the like.

(mapcar (function (lambda (x) (* x x))) '(1 2 3))   ; (1 4 9)

lambda

(lambda (arguments [/ locals]) expression...)

Creates an unnamed function. Returns the function.

((lambda (a b) (+ a b)) 2 3)   ; 5

setq

(setq symbol expression [symbol expression]...)

Evaluates each expression and assigns it to the symbol before it, which is not evaluated. Returns the last value assigned.

(setq a 10 b (* a 2))   ; 20

defun

(defun name (arguments [/ locals]) expression...)

Defines a function. The arguments and the local variables (after /) get their previous value back on exit; other variables are global. Returns the name. If the name starts with C:, the function becomes a command.

(defun double (x) (* 2 x))
(double 4)   ; 8

defun-q

(defun-q name (arguments [/ locals]) expression...)

Same as defun.

Differences with AutoCAD

In AutoCAD the function is kept as a list and can be modified with defun-q-list-set; in Lince2D it is a normal function.

if

(if test then [else])

Evaluates the test; if it is not nil, evaluates and returns then; if it is nil, else (or nil if missing).

(if (> a 0) "positive" "zero or negative")

cond

(cond (test expression...) ...)

Evaluates the tests in order and, for the first one that is not nil, its expressions. Returns the last one evaluated (or the test, if the clause has no expressions). T as the last test gives the default case.

(cond ((< x 0) "negative") ((= x 0) "zero") (T "positive"))

while

(while test expression...)

Repeats the expressions while the test is not nil. Returns the value of the last expression evaluated.

(setq i 0)
(while (< i 3) (setq i (1+ i)))   ; 3

repeat

(repeat integer expression...)

Evaluates the expressions the given number of times. Returns the value of the last one.

(setq n 1)
(repeat 4 (setq n (* n 2)))   ; 16

foreach

(foreach symbol list expression...)

Gives the symbol each element of the list and evaluates the expressions. Returns the value of the last one; the symbol gets its value back at the end.

(foreach c '("A" "B") (princ c))   ; prints AB

progn

(progn expression...)

Evaluates the expressions in order and returns the last one. Used to put several where one is expected, as in if.

(if ok (progn (princ "Done") (setq n (1+ n))))

and

(and expression...)

Evaluates the expressions until one is nil. Returns T if none is nil (also with no arguments) and nil otherwise.

(and (> 3 1) "text")   ; T

or

(or expression...)

Evaluates the expressions until one is not nil. Returns T if it finds one and nil if all are nil.

(or nil 5)   ; T

t

T

Symbol whose value is T: the "true" value of tests. Predicates that hold return it.

(= 1 1)   ; T

pi

pi

Variable holding the number π (3.14159…). It can be changed with setq, as in AutoCAD, though it is not a good idea.

(* 2 pi)   ; 6.28319

pause

pause

Variable whose value is "\\". In command it makes the command wait for the user to give that input.

(command "_circle" pause 10)

error

(defun *error* (message) ...)

Function the program calls when a routine fails, with the error message, before unwinding the stack: the local variables of the running functions still have their values. Used to restore variables and close files. Without *error*, the program writes ; error: message.

(defun *error* (msg)
  (if (/= msg "Function cancelled") (princ (strcat "\nError: " msg)))
  (princ))

+

(+ [number number]...)

Adds the numbers. Integer if all are integers (32-bit, overflowing as in AutoCAD); real if any is real. With no arguments, 0.

(+ 1 2 3)     ; 6
(+ 1 2.5)     ; 3.5

-

(- [number number]...)

Subtracts the others from the first. With a single number, changes its sign. With no arguments, 0.

(- 10 3 2)   ; 5
(- 4)        ; -4

*

(* [number number]...)

Multiplies the numbers. Integer if all are integers. With no arguments, 0.

(* 2 3 4)   ; 24

/

(/ [number number]...)

Divides the first by the others. Between integers, the result is an integer and is truncated; with any real, real. Dividing by zero gives the error divide by zero.

(/ 7 2)     ; 3
(/ 7 2.0)   ; 3.5

1+

(1+ number)

Adds 1 to the number.

(1+ 5)   ; 6

1-

(1- number)

Subtracts 1 from the number.

(1- 5)   ; 4

abs

(abs number)

Absolute value, of the same type as the number.

(abs -2.5)   ; 2.5

fix

(fix number)

Integer part of the number, truncated toward zero, as an integer. If it does not fit in 32 bits, returns a truncated real.

(fix 3.7)    ; 3
(fix -3.7)   ; -3

float

(float number)

The number as a real.

(float 3)   ; 3.0

rem

(rem number number...)

Remainder of dividing the first by the others, from left to right. Integer if all are integers.

(rem 17 5)     ; 2
(rem 7.5 2)    ; 1.5

gcd

(gcd integer integer)

Greatest common divisor of two integers.

(gcd 12 18)   ; 6

min

(min number...)

The smallest of the numbers. If any is real, the result is real.

(min 3 1 2)     ; 1
(min 3 1.0)     ; 1.0

max

(max number...)

The largest of the numbers. If any is real, the result is real.

(max 3 1 2)   ; 3

sqrt

(sqrt number)

Square root, as a real. A negative number is an error.

(sqrt 16)   ; 4.0

expt

(expt base exponent)

Power. Integer if both are integers and the exponent is not negative; otherwise real.

(expt 2 10)    ; 1024
(expt 2 0.5)   ; 1.41421

exp

(exp number)

e raised to the number, as a real.

(exp 1)   ; 2.71828

log

(log number)

Natural logarithm of a positive number, as a real.

(log 10)   ; 2.30259

sin

(sin angle)

Sine of an angle in radians.

(sin (/ pi 2))   ; 1.0

cos

(cos angle)

Cosine of an angle in radians.

(cos 0)   ; 1.0

atan

(atan y [x])

Arctangent in radians. With one number, between -π/2 and π/2; with two, the angle of y/x in the right quadrant, between -π and π.

(atan 1)      ; 0.785398
(atan 1 -1)   ; 2.35619

~

(~ integer)

Bitwise NOT of the integer.

(~ 5)   ; -6

logand

(logand [integer]...)

Bitwise AND of the integers. Useful to test a bit of a value such as OSMODE.

(logand 7 12)   ; 4

logior

(logior [integer]...)

Bitwise inclusive OR of the integers.

(logior 1 4)   ; 5

lsh

(lsh integer bits)

Shifts the bits of the integer to the left (or to the right, if bits is negative).

(lsh 1 4)    ; 16
(lsh 16 -2)  ; 4

=

(= value value...)

T if all the values are equal. Compares numbers (an integer and a real are equal if their values are) or strings.

(= 2 2.0)       ; T
(= "a" "A")     ; nil

/=

(/= value value...)

T if each value is different from the next one. Numbers or strings.

(/= 1 2)   ; T

<

(< value value...)

T if each value is less than the next one. Numbers or strings (by character order).

(< 1 2 3)       ; T
(< "abc" "abd") ; T

>

(> value value...)

T if each value is greater than the next one.

(> 3 2 1)   ; T

<=

(<= value value...)

T if each value is less than or equal to the next one.

(<= 1 1 2)   ; T

>=

(>= value value...)

T if each value is greater than or equal to the next one.

(>= 2 2 1)   ; T

eq

(eq expression expression)

T if both are the same object: the same symbol, the same number or the same list (not an equal copy). To compare contents, use equal.

(setq a '(1 2) b a)
(eq a b)          ; T
(eq a '(1 2))     ; nil

equal

(equal expression expression [fuzz])

T if both have the same contents. With a fuzz, numbers may differ by up to that amount (useful to compare points).

(equal '(1 2) '(1 2))                  ; T
(equal '(1.0 2.0) '(1.0 2.0001) 0.001) ; T

not

(not expression)

T if the expression is nil; nil otherwise. Same as null.

(not nil)   ; T

null

(null expression)

T if the expression is nil (or the empty list).

(null '())   ; T

atom

(atom expression)

T if the expression is not a list with elements (nil is an atom too).

(atom 'a)      ; T
(atom '(1))    ; nil

listp

(listp expression)

T if the expression is a list or nil.

(listp nil)   ; T

vl-consp

(vl-consp expression)

T if the expression is a list with elements (not nil).

(vl-consp nil)    ; nil
(vl-consp '(1))   ; T

numberp

(numberp expression)

T if the expression is an integer or a real.

(numberp 3.5)   ; T

zerop

(zerop number)

T if the number is 0.

(zerop 0.0)   ; T

minusp

(minusp number)

T if the number is negative.

(minusp -1)   ; T

boundp

(boundp symbol)

T if the symbol has a value other than nil.

(boundp 'pi)   ; T

type

(type expression)

Type of the expression as a symbol: INT, REAL, STR, SYM, LIST, SUBR (built-in function), USUBR (user function), ENAME, PICKSET, FILE or VL-CATCH-ALL-APPLY-ERROR. For nil, nil.

(type 1.5)     ; REAL
(type "a")     ; STR

vl-symbolp

(vl-symbolp expression)

T if the expression is a symbol (nil is not).

(vl-symbolp 'a)   ; T

car

(car list)

First element of the list. For nil, nil. In a dotted pair, the first part.

(car '(1 2 3))   ; 1
(car '(8 . "0")) ; 8

cdr

(cdr list)

The list without its first element. In a dotted pair, the second part.

(cdr '(1 2 3))    ; (2 3)
(cdr '(8 . "0"))  ; "0"

caar

(caar list)

First element of the first element: the first number of a point at the start of the list. Same as (car (car list)). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caar list)   ; = (car (car list))

caaar

(caaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (car list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caaar list)   ; = (car (car (car list)))

cdaar

(cdaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (car list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdaar list)   ; = (cdr (car (car list)))

caaaar

(caaaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (car (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caaaar list)   ; = (car (car (car (car list))))

cadaar

(cadaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (cdr (car (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cadaar list)   ; = (car (cdr (car (car list))))

cdaaar

(cdaaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (car (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdaaar list)   ; = (cdr (car (car (car list))))

cddaar

(cddaar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (cdr (car (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cddaar list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (car (car list))))

cadr

(cadr list)

Second element of the list. Of a point, the Y coordinate. Same as (car (cdr list)). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cadr list)   ; = (car (cdr list))

caadr

(caadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (cdr list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caadr list)   ; = (car (car (cdr list)))

cdadr

(cdadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (cdr list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdadr list)   ; = (cdr (car (cdr list)))

caaadr

(caaadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (car (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caaadr list)   ; = (car (car (car (cdr list))))

cadadr

(cadadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (cdr (car (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cadadr list)   ; = (car (cdr (car (cdr list))))

cdaadr

(cdaadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (car (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdaadr list)   ; = (cdr (car (car (cdr list))))

cddadr

(cddadr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (cdr (car (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cddadr list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (car (cdr list))))

cdar

(cdar list)

The first element without its first element. Same as (cdr (car list)). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdar list)   ; = (cdr (car list))

cadar

(cadar list)

Second element of the first element. Same as (car (cdr (car list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cadar list)   ; = (car (cdr (car list)))

cddar

(cddar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (cdr (car list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cddar list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (car list)))

caadar

(caadar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (cdr (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caadar list)   ; = (car (car (cdr (car list))))

caddar

(caddar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (cdr (cdr (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caddar list)   ; = (car (cdr (cdr (car list))))

cdadar

(cdadar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (cdr (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdadar list)   ; = (cdr (car (cdr (car list))))

cdddar

(cdddar list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (cdr (cdr (car list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdddar list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (cdr (car list))))

cddr

(cddr list)

The list without its first two elements. Same as (cdr (cdr list)). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cddr list)   ; = (cdr (cdr list))

caddr

(caddr list)

Third element of the list. Of a 3D point, the Z coordinate. Same as (car (cdr (cdr list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caddr list)   ; = (car (cdr (cdr list)))

cdddr

(cdddr list)

The list without its first three elements. Same as (cdr (cdr (cdr list))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdddr list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (cdr list)))

caaddr

(caaddr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (car (car (cdr (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(caaddr list)   ; = (car (car (cdr (cdr list))))

cadddr

(cadddr list)

Fourth element of the list. Same as (car (cdr (cdr (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cadddr list)   ; = (car (cdr (cdr (cdr list))))

cdaddr

(cdaddr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (car (cdr (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cdaddr list)   ; = (cdr (car (cdr (cdr list))))

cddddr

(cddddr list)

A combination of car and cdr: the letters between c and r are applied from right to left (a = car, d = cdr). Same as (cdr (cdr (cdr (cdr list)))). If any step is not a list, it is an error.

(cddddr list)   ; = (cdr (cdr (cdr (cdr list))))

cons

(cons element list-or-atom)

With a list, returns it with the element in front. With an atom, creates a dotted pair, like those of entget.

(cons 0 '(1 2))   ; (0 1 2)
(cons 8 "Walls")  ; (8 . "Walls")

list

(list [expression]...)

List with the values of the expressions. With no arguments, nil.

(list 1 "a" 2.5)   ; (1 "a" 2.5)

append

(append [list]...)

Joins the lists into one.

(append '(1 2) '(3) '(4 5))   ; (1 2 3 4 5)

reverse

(reverse list)

The list with its elements in reverse order.

(reverse '(1 2 3))   ; (3 2 1)

length

(length list)

Number of elements of the list.

(length '(1 2 3))   ; 3

vl-list-length

(vl-list-length list)

Number of elements of the list, same as length.

(vl-list-length '(a b))   ; 2

nth

(nth index list)

Element at the given position, starting at 0. Outside the list, nil.

(nth 1 '(a b c))   ; B

member

(member expression list)

Looks for the expression in the list (with equal) and returns the rest of the list from it, or nil if it is not there.

(member 2 '(1 2 3))   ; (2 3)

assoc

(assoc key list)

In a list of pairs, the first one whose first part is the key (with equal), or nil. It is the way to read a code from an entget list.

(cdr (assoc 8 (entget (entlast))))   ; layer name

subst

(subst new old list)

Copy of the list with every element equal to old replaced by new. Used to change a pair of an entget list before entmod.

(subst '(8 . "New") (assoc 8 e) e)

Differences with AutoCAD

Only the elements of the top level of the list are replaced, not those inside sublists.

last

(last list)

Last element of the list.

(last '(1 2 3))   ; 3

vl-remove

(vl-remove element list)

The list without the elements equal to the given one.

(vl-remove 2 '(1 2 3 2))   ; (1 3)

vl-position

(vl-position element list)

Position (from 0) of the first occurrence of the element, or nil.

(vl-position "b" '("a" "b"))   ; 1

vl-sort

(vl-sort list function)

The list sorted with the comparison function, which receives two elements and returns non-nil if the first one goes first.

(vl-sort '(3 1 2) '<)   ; (1 2 3)

Differences with AutoCAD

The sort is stable and keeps repeated elements (AutoCAD may remove them).

vl-remove-if

(vl-remove-if function list)

The list without the elements for which the function returns non-nil.

(vl-remove-if 'minusp '(1 -2 3))   ; (1 3)

vl-remove-if-not

(vl-remove-if-not function list)

Only the elements for which the function returns non-nil.

(vl-remove-if-not 'numberp '(1 "a" 2))   ; (1 2)

vl-some

(vl-some function list [list]...)

Applies the function to the elements of the lists, in parallel, and returns the first result that is not nil (or nil).

(vl-some '> '(1 5) '(2 3))   ; T

vl-every

(vl-every function list [list]...)

T if the function returns non-nil for all the elements of the lists.

(vl-every 'numberp '(1 2.5))   ; T

vl-member-if

(vl-member-if function list)

The rest of the list from the first element for which the function returns non-nil, or nil.

(vl-member-if 'minusp '(1 -2 3))   ; (-2 3)

acad_strlsort

(acad_strlsort list-of-strings)

The list of strings sorted alphabetically, ignoring case.

(acad_strlsort '("b" "A" "c"))   ; ("A" "b" "c")

mapcar

(mapcar function list [list]...)

List with the result of applying the function to each element (with several lists, to the elements at the same position, up to the shortest one).

(mapcar '+ '(1 2) '(10 20))   ; (11 22)

apply

(apply function list)

Calls the function with the elements of the list as arguments.

(apply 'max '(3 7 2))   ; 7

eval

(eval expression)

Evaluates the value of the expression: used to run a list built by the routine.

(eval '(+ 1 2))   ; 3

set

(set symbol expression)

Like setq, but the symbol is evaluated too: the variable can be chosen at run time.

(set (read "radius") 5)   ; radius is 5

read

(read [string])

Reads the first expression of the string and returns it without evaluating it. With no argument, nil.

(read "(1 2)")   ; (1 2)
(read "abc")     ; ABC

vl-symbol-name

(vl-symbol-name symbol)

Name of the symbol as a string, in uppercase.

(vl-symbol-name 'radius)   ; "RADIUS"

vl-symbol-value

(vl-symbol-value symbol)

Value of the symbol.

(vl-symbol-value 'pi)   ; 3.14159

strcat

(strcat [string]...)

Joins the strings. With no arguments, "".

(strcat "Layer " "0")   ; "Layer 0"

strlen

(strlen [string]...)

Number of characters of the string (with several, the sum).

(strlen "Lince")   ; 5

substr

(substr string start [length])

Part of the string from position start (the first one is 1), with the given length or up to the end.

(substr "Lince2D" 6)     ; "2D"
(substr "Lince2D" 1 5)   ; "Lince"

strcase

(strcase string [lowercase])

The string in uppercase; if the second argument is not nil, in lowercase.

(strcase "Wall")     ; "WALL"
(strcase "Wall" T)   ; "wall"

itoa

(itoa integer)

The integer as a string.

(itoa 25)   ; "25"

atoi

(atoi string)

Integer written at the start of the string (0 if there is none).

(atoi "12abc")   ; 12

atof

(atof string)

Real written at the start of the string (0.0 if there is none). The decimal separator is the point.

(atof "2.5 m")   ; 2.5

chr

(chr code)

Character with that (Unicode) code, as a string.

(chr 65)   ; "A"

ascii

(ascii string)

Code of the first character of the string (0 if it is empty).

(ascii "A")   ; 65

wcmatch

(wcmatch string pattern)

T if the string matches the pattern. Wildcards: * (any text), ? (one character), # (one digit), @ (one letter), . (one non-alphanumeric character), [abc] and [a-z] (one of them), [~abc] (none of them), ~ at the start negates the pattern, , separates several patterns and the reverse quote makes the next character literal. It is case-sensitive.

(wcmatch "DIM-12" "DIM-##")   ; T
(wcmatch "Wall" "W*,P*")      ; T

vl-string-trim

(vl-string-trim characters string)

The string without the given characters at the start and at the end.

(vl-string-trim " " "  hello  ")   ; "hello"

vl-string-left-trim

(vl-string-left-trim characters string)

The string without the given characters at the start.

(vl-string-left-trim "0" "0042")   ; "42"

vl-string-right-trim

(vl-string-right-trim characters string)

The string without the given characters at the end.

(vl-string-right-trim ".0" "2.500")   ; "2.5"

vl-string-subst

(vl-string-subst new pattern string [start])

The string with the first occurrence of the pattern (from start) replaced by new.

(vl-string-subst "B" "A" "AXA")   ; "BXA"

vl-string-translate

(vl-string-translate from to string)

Replaces each character of from found in the string by the one at the same position in to.

(vl-string-translate "," "." "2,5")   ; "2.5"

vl-string-position

(vl-string-position code string [start [from-end]])

Position (from 0) of the character with that code, or nil. With a non-nil fourth argument, finds the last occurrence.

(vl-string-position (ascii "\\") "C:\\dwg\\a.dwg" nil T)   ; 6

vl-string->list

(vl-string->list string)

List with the codes of the characters of the string.

(vl-string->list "AB")   ; (65 66)

vl-list->string

(vl-list->string list-of-codes)

String with the characters of those codes.

(vl-list->string '(76 50))   ; "L2"

vl-string-elt

(vl-string-elt string position)

Code of the character at that position (from 0).

(vl-string-elt "AB" 1)   ; 66

vl-princ-to-string

(vl-princ-to-string expression)

The expression as princ writes it, in a string.

(vl-princ-to-string '(1 "a"))   ; "(1 a)"

vl-prin1-to-string

(vl-prin1-to-string expression)

The expression as prin1 writes it (strings in quotes), in a string.

(vl-prin1-to-string "a")   ; "\"a\""

rtos

(rtos number [mode [precision]])

The number as text. Modes: 1 scientific, 2 decimal, 3 engineering, 4 architectural, 5 fractional. Without mode or precision, the drawing's LUNITS and LUPREC are used. It follows DIMZIN (extra zeros) and uses the decimal point.

(rtos 15.5 2 2)   ; "15.50"
(rtos 15.5 4 2)   ; "1'-3 1/2\""

distof

(distof string [mode])

Reads a distance written in any of the rtos formats. Returns a real, or nil if it cannot be read.

(distof "1'-3 1/2\"")   ; 15.5

angtos

(angtos angle [mode [precision]])

An angle in radians as text. Modes: 0 degrees, 1 degrees/minutes/seconds, 2 grads, 3 radians, 4 surveyor's units. Without mode or precision, AUNITS and AUPREC are used.

(angtos (/ pi 4) 0 2)   ; "45.00"
(angtos (/ pi 4) 1 4)   ; "45d0'0\""

angtof

(angtof string [mode])

Reads an angle written in any angtos format (the d, g and r marks and bearings are recognized on their own; without a mark, according to the mode, degrees by default). Returns radians, or nil.

(angtof "90")   ; 1.5708

distance

(distance point point)

Distance between two points (2D or 3D).

(distance '(0 0) '(3 4))   ; 5.0

angle

(angle point point)

Angle in radians of the line from the first point to the second, measured from the X axis counterclockwise (from 0 to 2π).

(angle '(0 0) '(0 5))   ; 1.5708

polar

(polar point angle distance)

Point at that distance from the given one, in the direction of the angle (radians).

(polar '(0 0) 0 10)   ; (10.0 0.0 0.0)

inters

(inters p1 p2 p3 p4 [on-segments])

Intersection point of line p1-p2 with line p3-p4, or nil if they are parallel. If the fifth argument is nil, the lines are extended; if it is missing or not nil, the point must lie on both segments.

(inters '(0 0) '(10 10) '(0 10) '(10 0))   ; (5.0 5.0 0.0)

trans

(trans point from to [displacement])

Converts a point from one coordinate system to another. Systems are given as a number: 0 the world system (WCS), 1 the current UCS and 2 the display system (in 2D, the same as the UCS). With a non-nil fourth argument, the point is treated as a displacement: it is only rotated, without taking the UCS origin into account.

(trans '(0 0) 1 0)      ; the UCS origin, in world coordinates
(trans '(10 0) 1 0 T)   ; 10 units along the UCS X direction, in the WCS

Differences with AutoCAD

An entity name (object coordinate system) or 3 (paper space) return the point unchanged.

initget

(initget [bits] [keywords])

Sets up the next get… function, entsel or ssget. Bits that can be added: 1 disallows Enter, 2 disallows zero, 4 disallows negatives, 128 accepts any text (returned as a string). Keywords are separated by spaces; their capitals are the abbreviation. After _ the global names can be given.

(initget 1 "Yes No")
(getkword "\nContinue? [Yes/No]: ")

Differences with AutoCAD

Bits 8, 16, 32 and 64 do nothing.

getpoint

(getpoint [base-point] [prompt])

Asks for a point: a click (with object snaps) or typed coordinates. With a base point, shows a rubber band from it. Returns the point, nil on Enter, or the initget keyword.

(setq p (getpoint "\nSpecify center: "))

getcorner

(getcorner base-point [prompt])

Asks for the opposite corner of a rectangle starting at the base point.

(getcorner p "\nOpposite corner: ")

getdist

(getdist [base-point] [prompt])

Asks for a distance: typed (in any length format) or with two points. Returns a real.

(setq d (getdist "\nDistance: "))

getangle

(getangle [base-point] [prompt])

Asks for an angle: typed (in any angle format) or with two points. Returns radians.

(setq a (getangle "\nAngle: "))

Differences with AutoCAD

It does not take ANGBASE or ANGDIR into account (with the initial values the result is the same).

getorient

(getorient [base-point] [prompt])

Same as getangle.

Differences with AutoCAD

In AutoCAD it always measures from east, even when ANGBASE is not 0; in Lince2D getangle does not use ANGBASE either, so both give the same result.

getreal

(getreal [prompt])

Asks for a real number (with a decimal point; the comma separates coordinates).

(setq k (getreal "\nFactor: "))

getint

(getint [prompt])

Asks for an integer between -32768 and 32767.

(initget 7)
(setq n (getint "\nNumber of copies: "))

getstring

(getstring [spaces] [prompt])

Asks for a text. If the first argument is not nil, Space is part of the text and only Enter ends it. Returns "" on Enter.

(setq name (getstring T "\nLayer name: "))

getkword

(getkword [prompt])

Asks for one of the initget keywords. Returns the whole keyword (or its global name) and nil on Enter.

(initget "Line Arc")
(getkword "\n[Line/Arc]: ")

entsel

(entsel [prompt])

Asks to select one object with a click. Returns a list with the entity name and the picked point, or nil.

(setq s (entsel "\nSelect a line: "))
(entget (car s))

princ

(princ [expression [file]])

Writes the expression on the command line (or to the file), strings without quotes. Returns the expression. (princ) with no arguments writes nothing: at the end of a routine it hides the last value.

(princ "\nDone.")
(princ)

prin1

(prin1 [expression [file]])

Like princ, but strings are written in quotes and with their escape characters.

(prin1 "a")   ; writes "a"

print

(print [expression [file]])

Like prin1, with a line break before and a space after.

(print 42)

terpri

(terpri)

Writes a line break. Returns nil.

prompt

(prompt string)

Writes the string on the command line. Returns nil.

(prompt "\nSelect the walls: ")

alert

(alert string)

Shows the string in a message box with an OK button (and writes it on the command line). In scripts, it only writes it.

(alert "There is no WALLS layer.")

textscr

(textscr)

In AutoCAD, switches to the text window. In Lince2D it does nothing. Returns nil.

graphscr

(graphscr)

In AutoCAD, goes back to the graphics window. In Lince2D it does nothing. Returns nil.

command

(command [argument]...)

Types the arguments on the command line, like a script: strings as they are ("" is Enter), numbers and points as text, entity names and selection sets as a selection, and pause for the user to give that input. nil is skipped. (command) with no arguments cancels the active command. Returns nil.

(command "_line" '(0 0) '(100 0) "")
(command "_circle" pause 25)

Notes

Use global names (_line) so that the routine works with the interface in any language. With CMDECHO set to 0 the command line does not repeat the prompts or what command types (results are still shown).

command-s

(command-s [argument]...)

Same as command.

Differences with AutoCAD

In AutoCAD, command-s does not accept pause and can be used inside *error*; in Lince2D it behaves like command.

vl-cmdf

(vl-cmdf [argument]...)

Like command, but returns T.

Differences with AutoCAD

AutoCAD checks the arguments before typing them; Lince2D types them directly.

entlast

(entlast)

Name of the last main entity created in the drawing, or nil if it is empty.

(command "_circle" '(0 0) 5)
(setq c (entlast))

entnext

(entnext [entity])

With no argument, the first entity of the drawing; with an entity, the next one (or nil at the end). It goes through model space and then the layouts; after an INSERT with attributes come its ATTRIBs and the SEQEND, as in AutoCAD.

(setq e (entnext))
(while e (setq e (entnext e)))

entget

(entget entity [applications])

List of DXF pairs of the entity: (-1 . name), (0 . "LINE"), (8 . "layer"), (10 x y z)… Angles are in radians. Returns nil if the entity does not exist.

(cdr (assoc 10 (entget (car (entsel)))))   ; start point or center

Differences with AutoCAD

Applications (extended data) are accepted but not returned. For types other than LINE, CIRCLE, ARC, LWPOLYLINE, TEXT, MTEXT, POINT, INSERT, ATTRIB and DIMENSION only the common codes are returned.

entmod

(entmod list)

Changes the entity of code -1 with the values of the list (the others stay the same). If the layer does not exist, it is created. Returns the list, or nil if it cannot.

(setq e (entget (entlast)))
(entmod (subst '(62 . 1) (assoc 62 e) e))

Differences with AutoCAD

Only for LINE, CIRCLE, ARC, LWPOLYLINE, TEXT, MTEXT, POINT, INSERT and ATTRIB.

entmake

(entmake list)

Creates an entity from the list of DXF pairs: LINE, CIRCLE, ARC, POINT, LWPOLYLINE, TEXT, MTEXT or INSERT (of an existing block), or a layer with (0 . "LAYER"). Without code 8 it goes on the current layer; texts without a height take TEXTSIZE. Returns the list, or nil if it cannot.

(entmake '((0 . "CIRCLE") (10 0.0 0.0 0.0) (40 . 5.0)))

Differences with AutoCAD

INSERTs are created without attributes (there are no ATTRIB/SEQEND sequences) and blocks are not created.

entdel

(entdel entity)

Erases the entity. If it had already been erased with entdel in this session, it is restored. Returns the name, or nil.

(entdel (entlast))

entupd

(entupd entity)

In AutoCAD, redraws the entity after changing it. In Lince2D the drawing updates on its own: it returns the name and does nothing.

handent

(handent handle)

Name of the entity with that handle (code 5, in hexadecimal), or nil if it does not exist. The handle is kept when the drawing is saved.

(handent "2F")

ssget

(ssget [mode] [point [point]] [filter])

Selection set, or nil if it is empty. Without a mode, the user selects (with ":S", only once). Modes: "X" or "A" (the whole drawing), "I" (what was selected before the routine), "P" (the previous one of ssget), "L" (the last entity), "W" and "C" with two points (window and crossing) or a single point. The filter is a list of DXF pairs, with wildcards in strings and the -4 operators ("<AND", "<OR", "<XOR", "<NOT", "<", ">=", "*"…).

(ssget "X" '((0 . "CIRCLE") (8 . "AXES")))
(ssget '((0 . "LINE,LWPOLYLINE")))

ssname

(ssname set index)

Name of the entity at that position (from 0) of the set, or nil.

(ssname ss 0)

sslength

(sslength set)

Number of entities in the set.

(sslength (ssget "X"))

ssadd

(ssadd [entity [set]])

With no arguments, an empty set; with an entity, a set holding it; with both, adds the entity to the set (if it was not there) and returns the set.

(setq ss (ssadd))
(ssadd (entlast) ss)

ssdel

(ssdel entity set)

Removes the entity from the set. Returns the set, or nil if the entity was not in it.

ssmemb

(ssmemb entity set)

Returns the entity if it is in the set, or nil.

tblsearch

(tblsearch table name [set-tblnext])

DXF list of the name record of the table, or nil. Tables: "LAYER", "LTYPE", "STYLE", "BLOCK" and "DIMSTYLE". With a non-nil third argument, the next tblnext continues after this record.

(if (not (tblsearch "LAYER" "WALLS")) (princ "\nThe WALLS layer is missing."))

Differences with AutoCAD

The VIEW, UCS, VPORT and APPID tables are not available.

tblnext

(tblnext table [rewind])

Next record of the table, or nil at the end. With a non-nil second argument, goes back to the first one.

(setq r (tblnext "LAYER" T))
(while r (princ (strcat "\n" (cdr (assoc 2 r)))) (setq r (tblnext "LAYER")))

getvar

(getvar name)

Value of a system variable, or nil if it is unknown. It reads those of the drawing (CLAYER, LUNITS, TEXTSIZE, DIMZIN…; ANGBASE in radians) and those of the program: OSMODE, ORTHOMODE, SNAPMODE, CMDACTIVE, CMDECHO, DWGNAME, DWGPREFIX, SECURELOAD, ACADVER, PRODUCT and PLATFORM.

(getvar "CLAYER")   ; "0"
(getvar "OSMODE")

Notes

Variables such as PICKBOX, FILEDIA, CMDDIA, ATTREQ or EXPERT exist with their usual value so that routines do not fail, but they change nothing. See System variables.

setvar

(setvar name value)

Changes a system variable and returns the value. Those of the drawing can be undone; OSMODE, ORTHOMODE and SNAPMODE change the program's object snaps, ortho and snap. An invalid value gives the error AutoCAD variable setting rejected.

(setq old (getvar "OSMODE"))
(setvar "OSMODE" 0)
(setvar "OSMODE" old)

redraw

(redraw [entity [mode]])

In AutoCAD, redraws the screen or an entity. In Lince2D it is not needed: it returns nil and does nothing.

regen

(regen)

Regenerates the whole drawing, like REGEN. Returns nil.

open

(open file mode)

Opens a text file: "r" to read, "w" to write (emptying it) or "a" to append. Returns the file, or nil if it cannot be opened.

(setq f (open "C:/data/points.txt" "r"))

close

(close file)

Closes the file (and saves what was written). Returns nil.

(close f)

read-line

(read-line file)

Next line of the file, without the line break, or nil at the end.

(while (setq l (read-line f)) (princ l))

Differences with AutoCAD

Without a file it does not read from the keyboard: use getstring.

write-line

(write-line string [file])

Writes the string and a line break to the file (or on the command line). Returns the string.

(write-line "X;Y" f)

findfile

(findfile name)

Path of the file if it exists as given, in the drawing folder or in the APPLOAD trusted folders; otherwise nil.

(findfile "blocks.lsp")

getenv

(getenv name)

Value of an environment variable of the operating system, or nil.

(getenv "TEMP")

Differences with AutoCAD

It does not read the AutoCAD variables stored in the Windows registry.

load

(load file [on-failure])

Loads a .lsp file (the extension can be omitted), looking for it as given, in the drawing folder and in the trusted folders, and evaluates its expressions. Returns the value of the last one. If it is not found, returns on-failure or gives the error LOAD failed. Outside the trusted folders it may ask first, depending on the APPLOAD security setting.

(load "tools" nil)

vl-filename-base

(vl-filename-base path)

File name without folder or extension.

(vl-filename-base "C:/job/plan.dwg")   ; "plan"

vl-filename-directory

(vl-filename-directory path)

Folder of the path, without the file name.

(vl-filename-directory "C:/job/plan.dwg")   ; "C:/job"

vl-filename-extension

(vl-filename-extension path)

Extension of the file, with the dot, or nil if it has none.

(vl-filename-extension "plan.dwg")   ; ".dwg"

exit

(exit)

Ends the routine with the error quit / exit abort (which reaches error).

quit

(quit)

Same as exit.

vl-catch-all-apply

(vl-catch-all-apply function list)

Like apply, but an error neither stops the routine nor calls *error*: it returns an error object, which is checked with vl-catch-all-error-p.

(setq r (vl-catch-all-apply '/ '(1 0)))
(if (vl-catch-all-error-p r) (princ (vl-catch-all-error-message r)))

vl-catch-all-error-p

(vl-catch-all-error-p value)

T if the value is an error object of vl-catch-all-apply.

vl-catch-all-error-message

(vl-catch-all-error-message error)

Message of the error object.

(vl-catch-all-error-message (vl-catch-all-apply '/ '(1 0)))   ; "divide by zero"

vl-load-com

(vl-load-com)

In AutoCAD, loads the ActiveX functions. Lince2D does not have them: it returns nil so that routines that call it at the start do not fail.

ver

(ver)

Version of the interpreter, such as "Lince2D LISP 0.x.y".

gc

(gc)

In AutoCAD, frees memory. In Lince2D it is not needed: it returns nil.